scholarly journals Protective effect of extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation combined with cardiopulmonary resuscitation on post-resuscitation lung injury: a randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyang Ling ◽  
Chunsheng Li ◽  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Xiaoli Yuan ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Clara Cell ◽  
Surfactant Protein A ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Surfactant Protein D ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Permeability

Abstract Background: This work examines the protective effect and mechanisms of early extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on ventricular-fibrillation-induced post-resuscitation lung injury in a swine cardiac-arrest model. Methods: Sixteen male swine were randomised to conventional CPR (CCPR; n=8; CCPR alone) and extracorporeal CPR (ECPR; n=8; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with CCPR), with restoration of spontaneous circulation for 6 h as an endpoint. Serological specimens were collected at baseline and restoration of spontaneous circulation for 1, 2, 4, and 6 h; lung tissue specimens were obtained postmortem. Between-group comparisons of recovery success rate, extravascular lung water , pulmonary vascular permeability index, electron microscopic features, and serum and tissue biomarkers (surfactant protein A, surfactant protein D, Clara cell protein 16, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase) were undertaken. Results: The CCPR group had non-significantly lower 6-h survival rate ( p> 0.05). Serum levels of surfactant protein A, surfactant protein D, Clara cell protein 16, and malondialdehyde were significantly higher ( p< 0.05), whereas serum superoxide dismutase was significantly lower, in the CCPR than in the ECPR group ( p <0.01). Compared with the ECPR group, tissue surfactant protein A, surfactant protein D, and superoxide dismutase significantly decreased compared to the baseline, whereas malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase significantly increased ( p< 0.01) in the CCPR group. Extravascular lung water and pulmonary vascular permeability index were significantly higher in the CCPR after 6 h compared to the baseline values and the ECPR group ( p< 0.01). Conclusions: Electron microscopy revealed mostly vacuolated intracellular alveolar type II lamellar bodies and fuzzy lamellar structure and widening and blurring of the blood–gas barrier in the CCPR group in contrast to that in the ECPR group. ECPR was found to have protective pulmonary effects, possibly related to the regulation of alveolar surface-active proteins and mitigated oxidative stress response post-resuscitation.

Transcriptional activation and protein binding by two regions of the rat surfactant protein A promoter

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. L134-L141
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Rosenberg ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Candyce I. Smith ◽  
Samuel R. Reisher ◽  
Sheldon I. Feinstein
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Clara Cell ◽  
Surfactant Protein A ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Recognition Element ◽  
Type Ii Cell

Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is expressed in lung alveolar type II cells and bronchiolar Clara cells. We have identified two active regions in the promoter of the rat SP-A gene by deletion analysis of a plasmid containing 163 bp before the start of transcription (−163 bp), linked to a reporter gene. Constructs were transfected into lung cell lines derived from each of the cell types that produces SP-A. We found a novel region of promoter activity at ∼90 bp before the transcriptional start (SP-A−90). Mutation of four nucleotides in SP-A−90 that are highly conserved among species (−92 to −89 bp) decreased expression of the SP-A construct by ∼50% in both cell lines. Electrophoretic mobility shift analysis showed specific binding to SP-A−90 by nuclear proteins from the cell lines, as well as from rat lung and liver. The electrophoretic mobility of the bands shifted by lung nuclear proteins changed late in fetal development. Although in the Clara cell line no reduction of promoter activity was seen on deletion of the region upstream of SP-A−90, in the type II cell line, deletion of residues −163 to −133 did reduce activity by ∼50%. This region contains a recognition element for thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1). Endogenous TTF-1 binding activity was substantially higher in the type II cell line than in the Clara cell line, but cotransfection of a TTF-1 expression plasmid enhanced expression of the SP-A construct better in the Clara cell line than in the type II cell line. These results suggest that the recognition element for TTF-1 has varying activity in the lung cell lines of different origin due to the availability of TTF-1.

Review: Structural determinants of pattern recognition by lung collectins

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Seaton ◽  
Erika C. Crouch ◽  
Francis X. McCormack ◽  
James F. Head ◽  
Kevan L. Hartshorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid A ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Acute Phase Reactant ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Surfactant Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein D ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Anionic Phospholipids

Host defense roles for the lung collectins, surfactant protein A (SP-A) and surfactant protein D (SP-D), were first suspected in the 1980s when molecular characterization revealed their sequence homology to the acute phase reactant of serum, mannose-binding lectin. Surfactant protein A and SP-D have since been shown to play diverse and important roles in innate immunity and pulmonary homeostasis. Their location in surfactant ideally positions them to interact with air-space pathogens. Despite extensive structural similarity, the two proteins show many functional differences and considerable divergence in their interactions with microbial surface components, surfactant lipids, and other ligands. Recent crystallographic studies have provided many new insights relating to these observed differences. Although both proteins can participate in calcium-dependent interactions with sugars and other polyols, they display significant differences in the spatial orientation, charge, and hydrophobicity of their binding surfaces. Surfactant protein D appears particularly adapted to interactions with complex carbohydrates and anionic phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol. By contrast, SP-A shows features consistent with its preference for lipid ligands, including lipid A and the major surfactant lipid, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. Current research suggests that structural biology approaches will help to elucidate the molecular basis of pulmonary collectin—ligand recognition and facilitate development of new therapeutics based upon SP-A and SP-D.

Assignment of the Human Pulmonary Surfactant Protein D Gene (SFTP4) to 10q22-q23 Close to the Surfactant Protein A Gene Cluster

Genomics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Kölble ◽  
Jinhua Lu ◽  
Sara E. Mole ◽  
Stefan Kaluz ◽  
Kenneth B.M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Surfactant Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein D ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant Protein

scholarly journals Rat surfactant protein D enhances the production of oxygen radicals by rat alveolar macrophages

1992 ◽  
Vol 286 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J F Van Iwaarden ◽  
H Shimizu ◽  
P H M Van Golde ◽  
D R Voelker ◽  
L M G Van Golde
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Surfactant Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein D ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Oxygen Radical Production ◽  
Stimulation Of

Rat surfactant protein D (SP-D) was shown to enhance the production of oxygen radicals by rat alveolar macrophages. This enhancement, which was determined by a lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence assay, was maximal after 18 min at an SP-D concentration of 0.2 micrograms/ml. Surfactant lipids did not influence the stimulation of alveolar macrophages by SP-D, whereas the oxygen-radical production of these cells induced by surfactant protein A was inhibited by the lipids in a concentration-dependent manner.

Efficient resolution of Pneumocystis murina infection in surfactant protein A-deficient mice following withdrawal of corticosteroid-induced immunosuppression

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Linke ◽  
Alan Ashbaugh ◽  
Judith Koch ◽  
Reiko Tanaka ◽  
Peter Walzer
Keyword(s):  
Protein A ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Lung Lavage ◽  
Surfactant Protein A ◽  
Surfactant Protein D ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Lymphocyte Populations ◽  
Deficient Mice

Following withdrawal of immunosuppression, surfactant protein A (SP-A)-deficient and wild-type mice cleared Pneumocystis murina infection in a similar manner, but exhibited significant differences in lymphocyte populations, interleukin (IL)-6 levels and chemokine expression levels. A higher percentage of lymphocytes were detected in lung lavage fluid from SP-A-deficient mice, but more CD4+ T cells were isolated from lung tissue of wild-type mice. Higher concentrations of IL-6 were detected in lavage fluid and enhanced expression of lymphotactin and RANTES were detected in the lungs of wild-type mice. Equal levels of surfactant protein D were detected in SP-A-deficient and wild-type mice and no differences were detected in markers of lung injury between the two strains of mice. Thus, SP-A does not enhance organism clearance, but does modulate the host immune response during resolution of P. murina infection.

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