scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of The District's Primary Health Care System (DPHCS); Case Study Of Southeastern Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Rahimi ◽  
Reza Goudarzi ◽  
Somayeh Noorihekmat ◽  
Aliakbar Haghdoost
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Primary Health Care System ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Care System

Abstract Background: Managers need to measure and evaluate the performance of their subordinates in order to plan, organize, and improve the performance of their organizations. In this study, the performance and efficiency of the district's primary health care system in the southeast of Iran were evaluated using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model.Methods: The quantitative non-parametric data envelopment analysis was used to evaluate the performance of the primary care system in the districts. On the hand, human forcess, physical facilities, and vehicles were the variables used as the inputs, and the number of services and service recipients was considered as the outputs to measure efficiency. The data were analyzed using the DEAP software, and performance and efficiency were calculated with the output maximization approach and the assumption of variable returns to scale. It was carried out as linear programming with nine scenarios for nine districts in 2018.Results: The mean efficiency of the studied districts with the assumption of variable returns to scale was 0.76, indicating at least 24% capacity to increase efficiency in the primary care system of Kerman University of Medical Sciences without any increase in production factors. According to the mean values, Kerman and Kuhbanan were efficient while the other 7 districts were inefficient. The districts were divided into three groups: efficient, moderately efficient, and inefficient. Accordingly, the most inefficient primary health care systems were those of Shahr-e Babak, Baft, and Orzooieh.Conclusion: The results of this study showed inefficiency in most primary health care systems of the studied districts, indicating that primary care managers can provide more health services to the community through proper management of available resources. Inefficient districts can compare themselves with successful and reference districts and eliminate their shortcomings in order to improve their performance.

scholarly journals CHALLENGES AND PROBLEM IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN GEORGIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
TENGIZ VERULAVA TENGIZ VERULAVA
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Continuous Medical Education ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Primary Health Care System ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care System

Primary health care has an important role in the organizational arrangement of health care system. Without a fundament of primary health care system it is impossible to build anything. The primary health care system reflects on the quality population health, the availability of health services and the cost of spending on the health care. The family doctor›s institute and primary health care system in Georgia have not been developed with regarding international standards. The lack of primary care system in Georgia indicates that the referral to outpatient medical facilities is considerably lower than the European countries. The reason for this is the lack of confidence in primary care institutions and the absence of comprehencive primary health care system in the country. It is nessesery to develop a family doctor›s institute in Georgia. This requires the promotion of continuous medical education of family doctors, optimal geographical distribution of primary health care institutions.

Integrated primary care organizations: to what extent is integration occurring and why?

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Simoens ◽  
Anthony Scott
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Integrated Primary Care ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Is Integration

Integration in primary health care is occurring in many health-care systems without a clear understanding of the meaning of integration, its form and rationale. This literature review examines the definition and extent of integration, as well as the factors that might encourage it in the context of British integrated primary care organizations (IPCOs). Integration is complex and multifaceted. No commonly agreed definitions of integration have been developed and the range of dimensions examined in the empirical literature was limited. However, some of the dimensions examined in studies of IPCOs may be useful in better understanding the form integration takes. Few studies were designed to examine the determinants of integration or were explicitly based on theory. Research showed that the level of production and transaction costs was not related to the size of the IPCO, although in practice the attitudes of health professionals are likely to be more important influences on the extent of integration. To date, little progress has been made in explaining and measuring integration. If further integration in primary health care is warranted, more research is required to understand its nature, form and rationale.

scholarly journals Community pharmacists’ evolving role in Canadian primary health care: a vision of harmonization in a patchwork system

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Raiche ◽  
Robert Pammett ◽  
Shelita Dattani ◽  
Lisa Dolovich ◽  
Kevin Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Reform ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Primary Health Care System ◽  
Meaningful Improvement ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care System

Canada’s universal public health care system provides physician, diagnostic, and hospital services at no cost to all Canadians, accounting for approximately 70% of the 264 billion CAD spent in health expenditure yearly. Pharmacy-related services, including prescription drugs, however, are not universally publicly insured. Although this system underpins the Canadian identity, primary health care reform has long been desired by Canadians wanting better access to high quality, effective, patient-centred, and safe primary care services. A nationally coordinated approach to remodel the primary health care system was incited at the turn of the 21st century yet, twenty years later, evidence of widespread meaningful improvement remains underwhelming. As a provincial/territorial responsibility, the organization and provision of primary care remains discordant across the country. Canadian pharmacists are, now more than ever, poised and primed to provide care integrated with the rest of the primary health care system. However, the self-regulation of the profession of pharmacy is also a provincial/territorial mandate, making progress toward integration of pharmacists into the primary care system incongruent across jurisdictions. Among 11,000 pharmacies, Canada’s 28,000 community pharmacists possess varying authority to prescribe, administer, and monitor drug therapies as an extension to their traditional dispensing role. Expanded professional services offered at most community pharmacies include medication reviews, minor/common ailment management, pharmacist prescribing for existing prescriptions, smoking cessation counselling, and administration of injectable drugs and vaccinations. Barriers to widely offering these services include uncertainties around remuneration, perceived skepticism from other providers about pharmacists’ skills, and slow digital modernization including limited access by pharmacists to patient health records held by other professionals. Each province/territory enables pharmacists to offer these services under specific legislation, practice standards, and remuneration models unique to their jurisdiction. There is also a small, but growing, number of pharmacists across the country working within interdisciplinary primary care teams. To achieve meaningful, consistent, and seamless integration into the interdisciplinary model of Canadian primary health care reform, pharmacy advocacy groups across the country must coordinate and collaborate on a harmonized vision for innovation in primary care integration, and move toward implementing that vision with ongoing collaboration on primary health care initiatives, strategic plans, and policies. Canadians deserve to receive timely, equitable, and safe interdisciplinary care within a coordinated primary health care system, including from their pharmacy team.

scholarly journals The Primary Health Care Performance Initiative (PHCPI): Issues and Challenges for Malaysia as a Trailblazer Country

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Safura Ramli ◽  
Sri Wahyu Taher ◽  
Zainal Fitri Zakaria ◽  
Norsiah Ali ◽  
NurAinul Hana Shamsuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Primary Health Care System ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care System

A strong and robust Primary Health Care system is essential to achieving universal health coverage and to save lives. The Global Conference on Primary Health Care 2018: from Alma-Ata towards achieving Universal Health Coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals at Astana, Kazakhstan provided a platform for low‐ and middle‐ income countries to join the Primary Health Care Performance Initiative (PHCPI). At this Global Conference, Malaysia has declared to become a Trailblazer Country in the PHCPI and pledged to monitor her Vital Signs Profiles (VSP). However, the VSP project requires an honest and transparent data collection and monitoring of the Primary Health Care system, so as to identify gaps and guide policy in support of Primary Health Care reform. This is a huge commitment and can only be materialised if there is a collaborative partnership between Primary Care and Public Health providers. Fundamental to all of these, is the controversy concerning whether or not ‘Primary Care’ and ‘Primary Health Care’ represent the same entity. Confusion also occurs with regards to the role of ‘Primary Care’ and ‘Public Health’ providers in the Malaysian Primary Health Care system. This review aims to differentiate between Primary Care, Primary Health Care and Public Health, describe the relationships between the three entities and redefine the role of Primary Care and Public Health in the PHCPI-VSP in order to transform the Malaysian Primary Health Care system.

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