scholarly journals High-capacity, transparent and robust blind audio watermarking scheme based DWT and TLBO algorithm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Joudaki ◽  
Marjan Abdeyazdan ◽  
Mohammad Mosleh
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Blind Audio Watermarking ◽  
Tlbo Algorithm ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Specific Frequency

Abstract Digital watermarking is one of the best solutions again the copyright infringement, duplicates, verifies data and illegal distribution of digital media. Recently, the protection of digital audio signals is one of the attracting and interesting topics for scientific and researchers. In this paper we propose a blind audio watermarking mechanism in which it has high capacity, transparency and resistance simultaneously based on digital wavelet transform (DWT) algorithm. The key principle of this work is that in the DWT procedure, using two filters; break down the original audio signal into several sub-bands and transform them on a specific frequency range. It should be noted that the 8 bits of watermarked signal is selected and transform to the original signal. In order to increase the watermarking resistance, framing the high frequency coefficients of the third level of the wavelet and calculate the frames average and place them in the frame memory prime. Moreover, TLBO algorithm used to determination of embedding and extraction coefficients in order to increase the SNR ratio in the embedding process and decrease the bit error rate (BER) in the extraction process. This method increases the embedding payload capacity while the audio SNR and extracted image BER have good qualify. Moreover, experimental results shown that this method has 13kbs hiding rate,ascendency imperceptibility, good payload capacity and intense robustness when resisting against various attacks such as MP3 compression, re-quantization, low-pass filtering, amplitude scaling, re-sampling, echo addition and noise corruption.

New secure and robust audio watermarking algorithm based on QR factorization in wavelet domain

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Hemis ◽  
Bachir Boudraa ◽  
Thouraya Merazi-Meksen
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Qr Factorization ◽  
Wavelet Domain ◽  
Content Authentication ◽  
Opinion Score ◽  
Common Signal

Digital watermarking consists in embedding imperceptible information into a host signal. It has been proposed to solve problems as varied as the protection of the copyright, content authentication, fingerprinting and broadcast monitoring. This paper presents a new approach for audio watermarking using the QR factorization in wavelet domain. This approach is based on embedding a watermark binary image in the R matrices of low frequency blocks DWT coefficients of audio signal. In this algorithm, the watermark is embedded by applying a Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) process on the determined optimal sample for each matrix R. The watermark can be blindly extracted without the knowledge of the original audio signal. Experimental results show that the proposed audio watermarking scheme maintains high quality of the audio signal. Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Log Spectral Distortion (LSD) and Mean Opinion Score (MOS) are about 40 dB, 0.37 dB and 4.84, respectively. Moreover, the scheme is quite robust against common signal processing attacks such as noise addition, filtering and MP3 compression. In addition, this method ensures a secure extraction process by using a private key, making it suitable for secure applications such as copyright protection.

scholarly journals Adaptive and Blind Audio Watermarking Algorithm Based on Chaotic Encryption in Hybrid Domain

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuling Wu ◽  
Meng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Audio Signal ◽  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Chaotic Encryption ◽  
Average Amplitude ◽  
Blind Audio Watermarking ◽  
Hybrid Domain ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Special Embedding ◽  
Audio Media

An adaptive and blind audio watermarking algorithm is proposed based on chaotic encryption in discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) hybrid domain. Since human ears are not sensitive to small changes in the high-frequency components of the audio media, the encrypted watermark can be embedded into the audio signal according to the special embedding rules. The embedding depth of each audio segment is controlled by the overall average amplitude to effectively improve the robustness and imperceptibility. The watermark is encrypted by a chaotic sequence to improve the security of watermark, so only users who hold the correct key can accurately extract the watermark without the original audio signal. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has larger capacity, higher imperceptibility, better security, and stronger robustness when combating against signal-processing attacks than the involved audio watermarking algorithms in recent years.

scholarly journals Frame-synchronous Blind Audio Watermarking for Tamper Proofing and Self-Recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Hwai-Tsu Hu ◽  
Ying-Hsiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Audio Signal ◽  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Frame Synchronization ◽  
Content Authentication ◽  
Blind Audio Watermarking ◽  
Synchronization Mechanism ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Reed Solomon Code ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

This paper presents a lifting wavelet transform (LWT)-based blind audio watermarking scheme designed for tampering detection and self-recovery. Following 3-level LWT decomposition of a host audio, the coefficients in selected subbands are first partitioned into frames for watermarking. To suit different purposes of the watermarking applications, binary information is packed into two groups: frame-related data are embedded in the approximation subband using rational dither modulation; the source-channel coded bit sequence of the host audio is hidden inside the 2nd and 3rd -detail subbands using 2N-ary adaptive quantization index modulation. The frame-related data consists of a synchronization code used for frame alignment and a composite message gathered from four adjacent frames for content authentication. To endow the proposed watermarking scheme with a self-recovering capability, we resort to hashing comparison to identify tampered frames and adopt a Reed–Solomon code to correct symbol errors. The experiment results indicate that the proposed watermarking scheme can accurately locate and recover the tampered regions of the audio signal. The incorporation of the frame synchronization mechanism enables the proposed scheme to resist against cropping and replacement attacks, all of which were unsolvable by previous watermarking schemes. Furthermore, as revealed by the perceptual evaluation of audio quality measures, the quality degradation caused by watermark embedding is merely minor. With all the aforementioned merits, the proposed scheme can find various applications for ownership protection and content authentication.

An Audio Watermarking Algorithm Based on Chaos

2012 ◽  
Vol 532-533 ◽  
pp. 1764-1769
Author(s):  
Hong Bin Tang ◽  
Ben Bin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Chaos Theory ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Wavelet Coefficients ◽  
Chaotic Sequences ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Audio Data ◽  
Mp3 Compression

This thesis proposes a new algorithm of the Chaos-based audio data hiding. The Chaos theory is introduced in design a new algorithm of the audio data hiding: with one section of audio as the watermarking, the Chaotic sequences select one part of the original audio signal as the carrier, and then embed the Chaos-encrypted audio watermarking into the carrier’s wavelet coefficients. Experimental results show that embedded watermark is imperceptibility and robust to many attacks, such as noise adding, re-sampling, low pass filtering, reverberation, MP3 compression and re-quantization and so on.

scholarly journals A Multi-Level Robust and Perceptually Transparent Blind Audio Watermarking Scheme Using Wavelets

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq Husain ◽  
Omar Farooq ◽  
Ekram Khan
Keyword(s):  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Digital Audio ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
Blind Audio Watermarking ◽  
Single Level ◽  
Digital Audio Watermarking ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

Abstract In this paper, a robust and perceptually transparent single-level and multi-level blind audio watermarking scheme using wavelets is proposed. A randomly generated binary sequence is used as a watermark, and wavelet function coding is used to embed the watermark sequence in audio signals. Multi-level watermarking is used to enhance payload capacity and can be used for a different level of security. The robustness of the scheme is evaluated by applying different attacks such as filtering, sampling rate alteration, compression, noise addition, amplitude scaling, and cropping. The simulation results obtained show that the proposed watermarking scheme is resilient to various attacks except cropping. Perceptual transparency of watermark is measured by using Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality (PEAQ) basic model of ITU-R (PEAQ ITU-R BS.1387) on Speech Quality Assessing Material (SQAM) given by European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Average Objective Difference Grade (ODG) measured for this method is -0.067 and -0.080 for single-level and multi-level watermarked audio signals, respectively. In the proposed single-level digital audio watermarking scheme, the payload capacity is increased by 19.05% as compared to the single-level Chirp-Based Digital Audio Watermarking (CB-DAWM) scheme.

scholarly journals Robust and Blind Audio Watermarking Scheme Based on Genetic Algorithm in Dual Transform Domain

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Qiuling Wu ◽  
Aiyan Qu ◽  
Dandan Huang ◽  
Lejun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Transform Domain ◽  
Blind Audio Watermarking ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Minimal Modification ◽  
Watermarking Scheme ◽  
Dual Transform ◽  
Audio Media

In order to protect the copyright of audio media in cyberspace, a robust and blind audio watermarking scheme based on the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed in a dual transform domain. A formula for calculating the embedding depth is developed, and two embedding depths with different values are used to represent the “1” and “0” states of the binary watermark, respectively. In the extracting process, the embedding depth in each audio fragment will be calculated and compared with the average embedding depth to determine the watermark bit by bit, so this scheme can blindly extract the watermark without the original audio. GA will be applied to optimize the algorithm parameters for meeting the performance requirements in different applications. Besides, the embedding rule is further optimized to enhance the transparency based on the principle of minimal modification to the audio. Experimental results prove that the payload capacity reaches 172.27 bps, the bit error rate (BER) is 0.1% under the premise that its transparency is higher than 25 dB, and its robustness is strong against many attacks. Significantly, this scheme can adaptively select the algorithm parameters to satisfy the specific performance requirements.

scholarly journals Audio Watermarking Combined with Compressive Sampling Based on QIM and DST-QR Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Irma Safitri ◽  
Gelar Budiman ◽  
Arfidianti Kartika Meiza Putri
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Compressive Sampling ◽  
Audio Watermarking ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Digital Copyright ◽  
Sine Transform ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Speed Change

Abuse is not only done to copy or distribute data but also to the digital copyright labels. There is a way to protect data by inserting or hiding a piece of certain information, namely a watermarking technique. In this paper, we propose audio watermarking with Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) method as an embedding process combined with Compressive Sampling (CS), Discrete Sine Transform (DST) and QR decomposition. Binary image is used as a watermark inserted in host audio. DST is used for transformation process from time domain to frequency domain, while QR is used to decompose onedimension matrix into two-dimension matrix. Meanwhile, CS is used to obtain the compressed watermark file which is done before the embedding process. QIM method is used to embed the watermark file to the audio host file. Simulation results indicated that the proposed audio watermarking technique has good robustness against some attacks such as Low Pass Filter (LPF), resampling and linear speed change. In addition, it provides good performance in terms of imperceptibility with Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) > 20 dB and capacity C = 689 bps.

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