Genome-wide Identification, Expression, Characteristics of the Prolamin Superfamily in Thinopyrum Elongatum and Its Kneading Performance in Common Wheat

Abstract Background: Prolamins, unique to Gramineae (grasses), play a key role in the human diet. Thinopyrum elongatum (also known as tall wheatgrass, rush wheatgrass, or Eurasian quackgrass) of Elytrigia is genetically well-characterized, but little is known about its prolamin genes and the relationships with homologous loci in the Triticum genus.Results: In this study, a total of 19 α-gliadin, 9 γ-gliadin, 19 ω-gliadin, 2 high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS), and 5 low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) genes in the Th. elongatum genome were annotated. The transcriptome data of Th. elongatum exhibited differential expression in quantity and pattern in the same subfamily or different subfamilies. In addition, microsynteny and phylogenetic analysis revealed dynamic changes of prolamin gene region and genetic affinities among Th. elongatum, T. aestivum, T. urartu, and Aegilops tauschii. The E genome, like the B genome, only contained DQ8-glia-α1/DQ8.5-glia-α1, which provided a theoretical basis for the study of celiac disease (CD). Dough rheological properties of T. aestivum-Th. elongatum disomic substitution (DS) lines 1E(1A), 1E(1D), and 3E(3A) showed much higher peak height values than that of their parent.Conclusions: Overall, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the prolamin gene superfamily in Th. elongatum, and suggests a promising use of this species in the generation of improved wheat breeds intended for the human diet.

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Genome-wide identification, characteristics and expression of the prolamin genes in Thinopyrum elongatum

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-021-08088-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wenyang Ge ◽

Yu Gao ◽

Shoushen Xu ◽

Xin Ma ◽

Hongwei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Aegilops Tauschii ◽

Peak Height ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Glutenin Subunit ◽

Human Diet ◽

Agropyron Elongatum ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Dough Rheological Properties ◽

Thinopyrum Elongatum

Abstract Background Prolamins, unique to Gramineae (grasses), play a key role in the human diet. Thinopyrum elongatum (syn. Agropyron elongatum or Lophopyrum elongatum), a grass of the Triticeae family with a diploid E genome (2n = 2x = 14), is genetically well-characterized, but little is known about its prolamin genes and the relationships with homologous loci in the Triticeae species. Results In this study, a total of 19 α-gliadin, 9 γ-gliadin, 19 ω-gliadin, 2 high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS), and 5 low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) genes were identified in the Th. elongatum genome. Micro-synteny and phylogenetic analysis revealed dynamic changes of prolamin gene regions and genetic affinities among Th. elongatum, Triticum aestivum, T. urartu and Aegilops tauschii. The Th. elongatum genome, like the B subgenome of T. aestivum, only contained celiac disease epitope DQ8-glia-α1/DQ8.5-glia-α1, which provided a theoretical basis for the low gluten toxicity wheat breeding. The transcriptome data of Th. elongatum exhibited differential expression in quantity and pattern in the same subfamily or different subfamilies. Dough rheological properties of T. aestivum-Th. elongatum disomic substitution (DS) line 1E(1D) showed higher peak height values than that of their parents, and DS6E(6D) exhibited fewer α-gliadins, which indicates the potential usage for wheat quality breeding. Conclusions Overall, this study provided a comprehensive overview of the prolamin gene family in Th. elongatum, and suggested a promising use of this species in the generation of improved wheat breeds intended for the human diet.

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Characterization of six wheat × Thinopyrum intermedium derivatives by GISH, RFLP, and multicolor GISH

Genome ◽

10.1139/g03-032 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 490-495 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

F P Han ◽

G Fedak ◽

A Benabdelmouna ◽

K Armstrong ◽

T Ouellet

Keyword(s):

Genomic Dna ◽

Aegilops Tauschii ◽

Rflp Analysis ◽

Aegilops Speltoides ◽

Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽

B Genome ◽

A Genome ◽

Genetic Stocks ◽

Disomic Addition Lines ◽

Thinopyrum Elongatum

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and multicolor genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) are useful tools to precisely characterize genetic stocks derived from crosses of wheat (Triticum aestivum) with Thinopyrum intermedium and Thinopyrum elongatum. The wheat × Th. intermedium derived stocks designated Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, and Z6 were initially screened by multicolor GISH using Aegilops speltoides genomic DNA for blocking and various combinations of genomic DNA from Th. intermedium, Triticum urartu, and Aegilops tauschii for probes. The probing (GISH) results indicated that lines Z1 and Z3 were alien disomic addition lines with chromosome numbers of 2n = 44. Z2 was a substitution line in which chromosome 2D was substituted by a pair of Th. intermedium chromosomes; this was confirmed by RFLP and muticolour GISH. Z4 (2n = 44) contained two pairs of wheat Th. intermedium translocated chromosomes; one pair involved A-genome chromosomes, the other involved D- and A-genome chromosomes. Z5 (2n = 44) contained one pair of wheat Th. intermedium translocated chromosomes involving the D- and A-genome chromosomes of wheat. Z6 (2n = 44) contained one pair of chromosomes derived from Th. intermedium plus another pair of translocated chromosomes involving B-genome chromosomes of wheat. Line Z2 was of special interest because it has some resistance to infection by Fusarium graminearum.Key words: wheat, Thinopyrum intermedium, addition, substitution, and translocation lines, GISH, multicolor GISH, RFLP.

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