scholarly journals Physical Activity For Multimorbidity Prevention And Management: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Prospective Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Hargan ◽  
Dáire McCartan ◽  
Leandro M. T. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Current Evidence Base

Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to determine whether physical activity can be used in the prevention and management of multimorbidity.Methods: A systematic review was carried out using Pubmed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scopus databases to find experimental and prospective cohort studies that investigated the relationship between physical activity and prevention and management of multimorbidity. Participants consisted of general population, non-institutionalised adults aged 18 or more. Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were conducted by two independent reviewers.Results: From a total of 1,724 studies identified, eight prospective cohort studies and one randomised control trial were included in the analysis. Four out of nine studies found evidence that higher levels of physical activity reduced the risk of multimorbidity. Three of four studies found evidence that physical activity reduces the risk of developing or worsening multimorbidity within subgroups with chronic conditions at the baseline.Conclusion: The current evidence base indicates that it is unclear whether healthy individuals are more likely to develop multimorbidity if they are less physically active. However, it seems more likely for people to develop or worsen multimorbidity when they have one or any number of conditions at baseline if they are less physically active.

scholarly journals Physical activity and risk of venous thromboembolism: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setor K. Kunutsor ◽  
Timo H. Mäkikallio ◽  
Samuel Seidu ◽  
Claudio Gil Soares de Araújo ◽  
Richard S. Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

AbstractThe inverse association between physical activity and arterial thrombotic disease is well established. Evidence on the association between physical activity and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is divergent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational prospective cohort studies evaluating the associations of physical activity with VTE risk. MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and manual search of relevant bibliographies were systematically searched until 26 February 2019. Extracted relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the maximum versus minimal amount of physical activity groups were pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Twelve articles based on 14 unique prospective cohort studies comprising of 1,286,295 participants and 23,753 VTE events were eligible. The pooled fully-adjusted RR (95% CI) of VTE comparing the most physically active versus the least physically active groups was 0.87 (0.79–0.95). In pooled analysis of 10 studies (288,043 participants and 7069 VTE events) that reported risk estimates not adjusted for body mass index (BMI), the RR (95% CI) of VTE was 0.81 (0.70–0.93). The associations did not vary by geographical location, age, sex, BMI, and methodological quality of studies. There was no evidence of publication bias among contributing studies. Pooled observational prospective cohort studies support an association between regular physical activity and low incidence of VTE. The relationship does not appear to be mediated or confounded by BMI.

scholarly journals Customary physical activity and odds of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 111 prospective cohort studies

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-103140
Author(s):  
Rodney K Dishman ◽  
Cillian P McDowell ◽  
Matthew Payton Herring
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveTo explore whether physical activity is inversely associated with the onset of depression, we quantified the cumulative association of customary physical activity with incident depression and with an increase in subclinical depressive symptoms over time as reported from prospective observational studies.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and CINAHL Complete databases, supplemented by Google Scholar.Eligibility criteriaProspective cohort studies in adults, published prior to January 2020, reporting associations between physical activity and depression.Study appraisal and synthesisMultilevel random-effects meta-analysis was performed adjusting for study and cohort or region. Mixed-model meta-regression of putative modifiers.ResultsSearches yielded 111 reports including over 3 million adults sampled from 11 nations in five continents. Odds of incident cases of depression or an increase in subclinical depressive symptoms were reduced after exposure to physical activity (OR, 95% CI) in crude (0.69, 0.63 to 0.75; I2=93.7) and adjusted (0.79, 0.75 to 0.82; I2=87.6) analyses. Results were materially the same for incident depression and subclinical symptoms. Odds were lower after moderate or vigorous physical activity that met public health guidelines than after light physical activity. These odds were also lower when exposure to physical activity increased over time during a study period compared with the odds when physical activity was captured as a single baseline measure of exposure.ConclusionCustomary and increasing levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in observational studies are inversely associated with incident depression and the onset of subclinical depressive symptoms among adults regardless of global region, gender, age or follow-up period.

scholarly journals Physical activity and peripheral artery disease: Two prospective cohort studies and a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katriina Heikkilä ◽  
Patrick A. Coughlin ◽  
Jaana Pentti ◽  
Mika Kivimäki ◽  
Jaana I. Halonen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Relation of Food Sources of Fructose Containing Sugars With Incident Obesity Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1116-1116
Author(s):  
Andreea Zurbau ◽  
Sonia Blanco Mejia ◽  
Tauseef Khan ◽  
Meaghan Kavanagh ◽  
Andrea Glenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Obesity In Children

Abstract Objectives Sugars have been implicated in the epidemic of obesity. It is unclear whether food sources of fructose-containing sugars other than sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are associated with increased risk of obesity. To assess the evidence of the relation of food sources of fructose-containing sugars with incident overweight or obesity, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library through Aug 2019. We included prospective cohort studies of ≥1 year. Two reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. The primary outcome was incident overweight/obesity. Data were pooled using generic-inverse variance method (random effects) and expressed as relative risks (RR) for incident outcomes and ß-coefficients for WC with 95% confidence intervals (CI). GRADE assessed the certainty of evidence Results We included 12 and 8 prospective cohorts involving 181,295 adults and 31,717 children, respectively. Four food sources of fructose-containing sugars were identified: SSBs, 100% fruit juice, fruit and yogurt. There was no data available in children for yogurt or WC. SSBs were associated with increased incident overweight/obesity in children (RR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.03 to 1.44] but not in adults and increased incident abdominal obesity in both children (3.78 [1.08 to 13.25]) and adults (1.51 [1.11 to 2.06]), but there was no association with change in WC in adults. Fruit juice was associated with increased incident overweight/obesity in children (1.28 [1.07 to 1.53]) but not in adults, and there was no association with incident abdominal obesity in either children or adults or WC in adults. Fruit was associated with decreased incident overweight/obesity (0.87 [0.82 to 0.92]) and decreased WC (ß, −0.23 cm [−0.33 to −0.13]) in adults. Yogurt was associated with decreased incident abdominal obesity (0.65 [0.47 to 0.90]) in adults with no data available on WC. The certainty of the evidence was graded as “very low” to “moderate”. Conclusions Current evidence indicates that the relation between fructose-containing sugars and obesity outcomes differs by food sources. More research of more food sources of sugars is needed to improve our certainty in the evidence. (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02558920) Funding Sources ASN, Diabetes Canada, Banting and Best Diabetes Centre.

Physical Activity and Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cillian P. McDowell ◽  
Rodney K. Dishman ◽  
Brett R. Gordon ◽  
Matthew P. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies
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