scholarly journals The 16-Year Periodicity In The Winter Surface Temperature Variations In The Antarctic Peninsula Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Evtushevsky ◽  
Asen Grytsai ◽  
Oleksiy Agapitov ◽  
Volodymyr Kravchenko ◽  
Gennadi Milinevsky
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Southern Annular Mode ◽  
Meridional Wind ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Level Pressure ◽  
The Antarctic

Abstract The aim of this work is a comprehensive study of the 16-year periodicity of winter surface temperature in the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) region, described earlier, and its possible source based on weather station records over the 1952–2019 period making use of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) Reference Antarctic Data for Environmental Research (READER) database, as well as Fourier and wavelet analysis methods. It is shown that interdecadal oscillation with a period of about 16 years dominates in the northern AP (Esperanza and Orcadas), which is consistent with previous results. The 16-year periodicity is found to closely correlate with the sea level pressure anomaly in the southwestern Atlantic associated with the zonal wave-3 and the Southern Annular Mode patterns. The correlation maximum in the southwestern Atlantic, having the characteristic features of the anticyclonic circulation, affects the surface temperature in the northern AP through the related structure of the zonal and meridional wind anomalies. This effect is weaker to the south, where the Vernadsky station data do not show a regular interdecadal periodicity. Due to the correlated variability in the wave-3 ridges, the pronounced 16-year periods exist also in the surface temperature of southern Australia–New Zealand region, as well as in the zonal mean sea level pressure at 30–50°S. The sea surface temperatures are much less involved in the 16-year oscillation suggesting that atmospheric rather than oceanic processes appear to be more important for its occurrence.

Influence of the Antarctic Oscillation, the Pacific–South American modes and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation on the Antarctic surface temperature and pressure variations

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lejiang Yu ◽  
Zhanhai Zhang ◽  
Mingyu Zhou ◽  
Sharon Zhong ◽  
Donald Lenschow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
South American ◽  
Antarctic Oscillation ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Level Pressure ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
And Sea Level

AbstractIn this study, the impacts of the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO), the Pacific–South American teleconnection (PSA) and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Antarctic sea level pressure and surface temperature are investigated using surface observational data, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) 40 Year Re-analysis (ERA-40) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR) re-analysis data from 1958–2001. There is the most significant correlation between PSA and Antarctic sea level pressure and surface temperature in the northern Antarctic Peninsula during four seasons. But the correlation between Southern Oscillation Index and surface temperature and sea level pressure is significant at some stations only in spring. The three indices can explain a large portion of the trends found in sea level pressure and temperature at some stations, but not at all stations. Among the three indices the most important contribution to the trends in the two surface variables comes from AAO, followed by PSA, and finally by ENSO. The two re-analysis datasets show great similarity for the trends in surface temperature and sea level pressure in April–May and October–November, but not December–February. In summer the trends in surface temperature and sea level pressure in East Antarctica for ERA-40 re-analysis are opposite to those of NCEP re-analysis.

Winter climate change on the northern and southern Antarctic Peninsula

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 408-424
Author(s):  
Oleksandr M. Evtushevsky ◽  
Volodymyr O. Kravchenko ◽  
Asen V. Grytsai ◽  
Gennadi P. Milinevsky
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Southern Annular Mode ◽  
Meridional Wind ◽  
Winter Climate ◽  
Annular Mode ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Pressure Anomaly ◽  
Tropical Sea

AbstractDifferences in the decadal trend in the winter surface temperature in the northern and southern Antarctic Peninsula have been analysed. Time series from the two stations Esperanza and Faraday/Vernadsky since the early 1950s are used. The two time series are strongly correlated only during the 1980s and 1990s when their variability and trends are associated with both the Niño-4 region and Southern Annular Mode impacts. The winter cooling at the Faraday/Vernadsky station contrasts with the winter warming at the Esperanza station during the period of 2006–17. The different temperature trends are accompanied by weak correlations between the temperatures at these two stations. Linearly congruent components of the station temperature trends in 2006–17 indicate a dominant contribution of Southern Annular Mode (tropical sea surface temperature anomalies) to warming (cooling) in the northern (southern) Peninsula. Distinctive impacts of climate modes are observed in combination with the recent deepening of the negative sea-level pressure anomaly to the west of the peninsula and the related change in the zonal and meridional wind components. These factors apparently contribute to the occurrence of the boundary that crosses the peninsula and divides it into sub-regions with warming and cooling.

scholarly journals What Surface Observations Are Important for Separating the Influences of Anthropogenic Aerosols from Other Forcings?

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 4165-4184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Yan ◽  
Timothy DelSole ◽  
Michael K. Tippett
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Forced Response ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosols ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosol ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Level Pressure

Abstract This paper shows that joint temperature–precipitation information over a global domain provides a more accurate estimate of aerosol forced responses in climate models than does any other combination of temperature, precipitation, or sea level pressure. This fact is demonstrated using a new quantity called potential detectability, which measures the extent to which a forced response can be detected in a model. In particular, this measure can be evaluated independently of observations and therefore permits efficient exploration of a large number of variable combinations before performing optimal fingerprinting on observations. This paper also shows that the response to anthropogenic aerosol forcing can be separated from that of other forcings using only spatial structure alone, leaving the time variation of the response to be inferred from data, thereby demonstrating that temporal information is not necessary for detection. The spatial structure of the forced response is derived by maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio. For single variables, the north–south hemispheric gradient and equator-to-pole latitudinal gradient are important spatial structures for detecting anthropogenic aerosols in some models but not all. Sea level pressure is not an independent detection variable because it is derived partly from surface temperature. In no case does sea level pressure significantly enhance potential detectability beyond that already possible using surface temperature. Including seasonal or land–sea contrast information does not significantly enhance detectability of anthropogenic aerosol responses relative to annual means over global domains.

scholarly journals SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE TRENDS IN THE SOUTHERN OCEAN AND ANTARCTICA FROM REANALYSIS AND IN SITU DATA

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-85
Author(s):  
P. Yu. Romanov ◽  
N. A. Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Level Pressure ◽  
High Latitude Region ◽  
In Situ Observations

Trends in the mean sea-level pressure (SLP) in Antarctica in the last four decades (1980– 2020) have been examined using in situ observations and reanalysis data. The analysis involved time series of monthly mean, season-mean and yearly-mean values of the SLP derived from four reanalysis datasets, NCEP/NCAR, ERA5, JRA55, MERRA2, and from surface observations acquired from the Reference Antarctic Data for Environmental Research (READER) dataset. With this data we have evaluated the trends, characterized their seasonal peculiarities and variation across the high-latitude region of the Southern Hemisphere. The results of the analysis confirmed the dominance of decreasing trends in the annual mean SLP in Antarctica. Larger negative trends were found in the Western Antarctica with the most pronounced pressure drop in the South Pacific. The long-term decrease in the annual mean SLP in Antarctica was due to strong negative pressure trends in the austral summer and fall season whereas in winter and in spring the trends turn to mixed and mostly positive. The comparison of multiyear time series of SLP reanalysis data with in situ observations at Antarctic stations revealed a considerable overestimate of negative SLP trends in the NCEP/NCAR dataset. Among the four examined reanalysis datasets, ERA5 provided the best agreement with the station data on the annual mean and monthly mean SLP trend values.

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