scholarly journals The Incidence and Outcomes of Healthcare-associated Respiratory Tract Infections in Non-ventilated Neurocritical Care Patients: Results of a 10-year Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenia Ershova ◽  
Ivan Savin ◽  
Oleg Khomenko ◽  
Darren Wong ◽  
Gleb Danilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background. The incidence of healthcare-associated respiratory tract infections in non-ventilated patients (NVA-HARTI) in neurosurgical intensive care units (ICU) is unknown. The impact of NVA-HARTI on patient outcomes and differences between NVA-HARTI and ventilator-associated healthcare-associated respiratory tract infections (VA-HARTI) are poorly understood. Our objectives were to report the incidence, hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, and mortality in neurosurgical ICU and compare these characteristics between NVA- and VA-HARTI.Methods. This prospective cohort study was conducted in a neurosurgical ICU in Moscow from 2011 to 2020. All patients with ICU LOS >48h were included. Time trends were analyzed for all outcomes. A competing risk model was used for survival and risk analysis.Results. A total of 3,937 ICU admissions were analyzed. NVA-HARTI vs VA-HARTI results were: cumulative incidence 7.2 (6.4-8.0) vs 15.4 (14.2-16.5) per 100 ICU admissions, incidence rate 4.2±2.0 vs 9.5±3.0 per 1000 patient-days in the ICU, median LOS 32 [21; 48.5] vs 46 [28; 76.5] days, median ICU LOS 15 [10; 28.75] vs 26 [17; 43] days, and mortality rates 12.3% (7.9-16.8) vs 16.7% (13.6-19.7). The incidence of VA-HARTI decreased in ten years while NVA-HARTI incidence did not change. VA-HARTI was found to be an independent risk factor of death, odds ratio 1.54 (1.11-2.14), p-value=0.009 while NVA-HARTI was not.Conclusion. Our findings suggest that NVA-HARTI in neurosurgical ICU patients represents a significant healthcare burden with relatively high incidence and associated poor outcomes. NVA-HARTI appeared to be different from VA-HARTI and persisted despite preventive measures; therefore, extrapolating VA-HARTI research findings to NVA-HARTI should be avoided.

scholarly journals Respiratory tract infections in a military recruit setting: A prospective cohort study

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilios German ◽  
Petros Kopterides ◽  
Panagiotis Poulikakos ◽  
Georgios Giannakos ◽  
Matthew E. Falagas
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Military Recruit ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Daycare attendance and respiratory tract infections: a prospective birth cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e014635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnea Schuez-Havupalo ◽  
Laura Toivonen ◽  
Sinikka Karppinen ◽  
Anne Kaljonen ◽  
Ville Peltola
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Prospective Birth Cohort ◽  
Prospective Birth Cohort Study

ObjectiveWe explored the burden of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in young children with regard to day-care initiation.DesignLongitudinal prospective birth cohort study.Setting and methodsWe recruited 1827 children for follow-up until the age of 24 months collecting diary data on RTIs and daycare. Children with continuous daycare type and complete data were divided into groups of centre-based daycare (n=299), family day care (FDC) (n=245) and home care (n=350). Using repeated measures variance analyses, we analysed days per month with symptoms of respiratory tract infection, antibiotic treatments and parental absence from work for a period of 6 months prior to and 9 months after the start of daycare.ResultsWe documented a significant effect of time and type of daycare, as well as a significant interaction between them for all outcome measures. There was a rise in mean days with symptoms from 3.79 (95% CI 3.04 to 4.53) during the month preceding centre-based daycare to 10.57 (95% CI 9.35 to 11.79) at 2 months after the start of centre-based daycare, with a subsequent decrease within the following 9 months. Similar patterns with a rise and decline were observed in the use of antibiotics and parental absences. The start of FDC had weaker effects. Our findings were not changed when taking into account confounding factors.ConclusionsOur study shows the rapid increase in respiratory infections after start of daycare and a relatively fast decline in the course of time with continued daycare. It is important to support families around the beginning of daycare.

scholarly journals Health literacy, health status and health behaviors of German students– study protocol for the “Healthy Habits” cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lange ◽  
Alexandra Löwe ◽  
Gerrit Stassen ◽  
Andrea Schaller
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
The State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Study Format

Abstract Background The emerging adulthood is traditionally viewed as a time of optimal health, but also as a critical life span, characterized by changing life circumstances and the establishment of an individual lifestyle. Especially university life seems to hold several challenges impeding the manifestation of a health supporting manner, as many students tend to show a poorer health behavior and a higher amount of health-related problems than comparable age groups. This, along with a steady growth of the higher education sector, brings increased attention to the university setting in the context of prevention. To date, there are few empirical longitudinal and coherent cross-sectional data on the status of students’ health literacy, health status, and health behaviors, and on the impact of the study format on students’ health. The aim of this prospective cohort study is to reduce this research gap. Methods Starting during winter semester 2020/21, the prospective cohort study collects data on health literacy, health status and health behavior on a semester-by-semester basis. All enrolled students of the IST University of Applied Sciences, regardless of study format and discipline, can participate in the study at the beginning of their first semester. The data are collected digitally via a specifically programmed app. A total of 103 items assess the subjectively perceived health status, life and study satisfaction, sleep quality, perceived stress, physical activity, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, drug addiction and health literacy. Statistical analysis uses (1) multivariate methods to look at changes within the three health dimensions over time and (2) the association between the three health dimensions using multiple regression methods and correlations. Discussion This cohort study collects comprehensive health data from students on the course of study. It is assumed that gathered data will provide information on how the state of health develops over the study period. Also, different degrees of correlations of health behavior and health literacy will reveal different impacts on the state of students’ health. Furthermore, this study will contribute to empirically justified development of target group-specific interventions. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00023397 (registered on October 26, 2020).

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