scholarly journals Evaluation of Small Intestinal Motility in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masamichi Sato ◽  
Takahiro Kudo ◽  
Nobuyasu Arai ◽  
Reiko Kyodo ◽  
Kenji Hosoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Intestinal Motility ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Small Intestinal Motility ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Background: The correlation between small intestinal motility alteration and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is not well evaluated. Aims: To assess the small intestinal and colonic transits in an IBS rat model with restraint stress and determine the role of small intestinal motility in the IBS pathophysiology.Methods: Restraint stress was utilized to make adolescent IBS rat models that were evaluated for clinical symptoms, including stool frequency and diarrhea. The small intestinal motility and transit rate were also evaluated. The amounts of mRNA encoding corticotropin-releasing hormone, mast cell, and serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) receptor 3a were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); the 5-HT expression was evaluated using immunostaining.Results: Restraint stress significantly increased the number of fecal pellet outputs, stool water content, and small intestinal motility in the IBS rat models. There was no difference in real-time PCR results, but immunostaining analysis revealed that 5-HT expression in the small intestine was significantly increased in the IBS rat models.Conclusions: In the adolescent rat model of IBS with restraint stress, we observed an increase in small intestinal and colonic motility. In the small intestine, enhanced 5-HT secretion in the distal portion may be involved in increasing the small intestinal motility.

scholarly journals Changes in Enteric Neurons of Small Intestine in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Li ◽  
Guijun Fei ◽  
Xiucai Fang ◽  
Xilin Yang ◽  
Xiaohong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Effects of Electroacupuncture at St25 and Bl25 in a Sennae-induced rat model of diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianwei Zhu ◽  
Zhibin Liu ◽  
Wenmin Niu ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Aimin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Loose Stool ◽  
Paracrine Signalling ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Small Intestine Transit

Background Electroacupuncture (EA) may have a role in the treatment of diarrhoea symptoms. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter and paracrine signalling molecule in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which initiates peristaltic, secretory, vasodilatory, vagal and nociceptive reflexes. In addition, according to the results of our previous report, EA stimulation mediates GI peristalsis by increasing expression of 5-HT and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). Aim To investigate the effect of EA at acupuncture points ST25 and BL25 in a rat model of diarrhoea. Methods A diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) model was induced by Folium Sennae in 24 rats, which remained untreated (n=6) or received EA at ST25 (n=6), BL25 (n=6) or the combination of ST25 and BL25 (n=6). A control group of healthy rats was also included (n=6). After treatment, changes in loose stool and small intestine transit rates, enterochromaffin (EC) cell number, expression of TPH, and faecal/colonic 5-HT contents were measured. Results Loose stool and small intestine transit rates, EC cell numbers, colonic TPH expression and faecal/colonic 5-HT content of IBS-D rats were significantly increased relative to controls (p<0.05) and all these parameters were improved by EA at ST25, BL25, or ST25 and BL25 in combination (all p<0.05 vs untreated IBS-D rats). Conclusions EA at ST25 and/or BL25 had a positive effect on objective markers of diarrhoea in a IBS-D rat model and induced changes in EC cell number, colonic TPH and 5-HT contents. The effects of EA stimulation at ST25/BL25 on IBS-D rats may be mediated by excitation of sympathetic nerves.

scholarly journals Molecular analysis of faecal and duodenal samples reveals significantly higher prevalence and numbers of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in irritable bowel syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angèle P. M. Kerckhoffs ◽  
Kaouther Ben-Amor ◽  
Melvin Samsom ◽  
Michel E. van der Rest ◽  
Joris de Vogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Intestinal microbiota may play a role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In this case–control study, mucosa-associated small intestinal and faecal microbiota of IBS patients and healthy subjects were analysed using molecular-based methods. Duodenal mucosal brush and faecal samples were collected from 37 IBS patients and 20 healthy subjects. The bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified and analysed using PCR denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Pooled average DGGE profiles of all IBS patients and all healthy subjects from both sampling sites were generated and fingerprints of both groups were compared. The DGGE band fragments which were confined to one group were further characterized by sequence analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) was used to quantify the disease-associated microbiota. Averaged DGGE profiles of both groups were identical for 78.2 % in the small intestinal samples and for 86.25 % in the faecal samples. Cloning and sequencing of the specific bands isolated from small intestinal and faecal DGGE patterns of IBS patients showed that 45.8 % of the clones belonged to the genus Pseudomonas, of which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the predominant species. q-PCR analysis revealed higher levels (P<0.001) of P. aeruginosa in the small intestine of IBS patients (8.3 %±0.950) than in the small intestine of healthy subjects (0.1 %±0.069). P. aeruginosa was also significantly (P<0.001) more abundant (2.34 %±0.31) in faeces of IBS patients than in faeces of healthy subjects (0.003 %±0.0027). This study shows that P. aeruginosa is detected more frequently and at higher levels in IBS patients than in healthy subjects, suggesting its potential role in the pathophysiology of IBS.

Effect of toxigenic Escherichia coli on myoelectric activity of small intestine.

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (3) ◽  
pp. E311 ◽  
Author(s):  
T W Burns ◽  
J R Mathias ◽  
G M Carlson ◽  
J L Martin ◽  
R P Shields
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Intestinal Motility ◽  
Myoelectric Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Small Intestinal Motility ◽  
Rabbit Small Intestine ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Potential Complex

When exposed to cholera toxin (CT), distal ileal loops of the rabbit small intestine showed an alteration in myoelectric activity. This alteration was defined as the migrating action potential complex (MAPC). The purpose of this study was to determine, using myoelectric recording techniques, the effects of live toxigenic Escherichia coli (TEC) on motility. Live TEC, live nontoxigenic E. coli (NTEC), and culture filtrates of these organisms were studied. Live TEC and its filtrate induced MAPC activity similar to that of CT. Live TEC induced a mean of 3.8 MAPCs/h, significantly greater than induced by live NTEC. TEC filtrate induced a mean of 14.2 MAPCs/h, significantly greater than NTEC filtrate. Heating the TEC filtrate to 100 degrees C before use resulted in a significant decrease of MAPC activity. This experiment demonstrated that live TEC and its culture filtrate altered ileal myoelectric activity. The effect may have been mediated by a heat-labile enterotoxin. This study suggests that alterations in small intestinal motility may be important in the pathogenesis of TEC diarrhea.

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