Municipal Wastewater Irrigation Quality and Its Impacts on Selected Soil Properties Around Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia

Wastewater Irrigation ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Wastewater Management ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

The Government ◽

Abstract In many arid and semiarid countries, wastewater irrigation is becoming a common practice in agriculture. Commitment of government and social intervention for more effective waste management are the major constraints. The study was conducted in eastern Ethiopia to identify the impacts of municipal wastewater soil physicochemical properties and irrigation water quality. Soil samples were collected from different farm fields to determine the physical and chemical properties of soil, and heavy metal accumulation at different irrigation farms and wastewater samples were also analyzed. Manusipal wastewater taken from different study sites was categorized into three groups: control (nonirrigated), municipal wastewater irrigated farmland and municipal wastewater irrigated farmland. The results showed that bulk density was negatively decreased and moisture contents and total porosity were significantly increased. The soil EC, cadmium, lead available phosphorus, OM, and CEC levels significantly increased with increasing wastewater application. The concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Cr are highwere higher in irrigated effluent than in nonirrigated effluent. Untreated and treated MWW were tested for heavy metal presence and accumulation. In the present study, soil OM increased as the content in the soil also increased as the number of irrigations increased. The most effective way to eliminate the impact of this municipal wastewater on the soil is to develop and implement an effective wastewater management plan. Limited studies have been done, and they should be encouraged to address municipal wastewater impacts on plants and farmers. The government should be focused on awareness of creation and management systems.

Municipal Wastewater Irrigation Quality and its Impacts on Selected Soil Properties Around Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-877661/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tasisa Temesgen Tolossa

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Wastewater Irrigation ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Wastewater Management ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

The Government ◽

Abstract In many arid and semiarid countries, wastewater irrigation is becoming a common practice in agriculture. Commitment of government and social intervention for more effective waste management are the major constraints. The study was conducted in eastern Ethiopia to identify the impacts of municipal wastewater soil physicochemical properties and irrigation water quality. Soil samples were collected from different farm fields to determine the physical and chemical properties of soil, and heavy metal accumulation at different irrigation farms and wastewater samples were also analyzed. Manusipal wastewater taken from different study sites was categorized into three groups: control (nonirrigated), municipal wastewater irrigated farmland and municipal wastewater irrigated farmland. The results showed that bulk density was negatively decreased and moisture contents and total porosity were significantly increased. The soil EC, cadmium, lead available phosphorus, OM, and CEC levels significantly increased with increasing wastewater application. The concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Cr are highwere higher in irrigated effluent than in nonirrigated effluent. Untreated and treated MWW were tested for heavy metal presence and accumulation. The soil OM increased as the content in the soil also increased as the number of irrigations increased. The most effective way to eliminate the impact of this municipal wastewater on the soil and water is to develop and implement an effective wastewater management plan. Limited studies have been done, and they should be encouraged to address municipal wastewater impacts on plants and farmers. The government should be focused on awareness of creation and management systems.

Long-Term Impact of Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Pollution and Degradation: A Case Study from Egypt

Water ◽

10.3390/w13162245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 2245

Author(s):

Manal A. Alnaimy ◽

Sahar A. Shahin ◽

Zuzana Vranayova ◽

Martina Zelenakova ◽

Enas Mohamed Wagdi Abdel-Hamed

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Accumulation ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Continuous Cultivation ◽

Wastewater Irrigation ◽

Metal Levels ◽

There is consensus on the impact of wastewater irrigation on soil properties and heavy metal accumulation. The studies that show the impact of temporal changes as a result of different long-term additions of wastewater on the heavy metal accumulation and degradation of soil are extremely limited. This study was carried out to assess heavy metal contamination in soils irrigated with wastewater for more than 30 years in Egypt. A total number of 12 irrigation water samples and 12 soil profiles were collected during 2020 and were chemically characterized. The results showed that soils irrigated with wastewater over the long term contained significantly higher concentrations of heavy metals compared to fields irrigated with fresh water. Heavy metal levels in water and soil samples were within the permissible limits, with the exception of Cd concentration in water (0.03 mg L−1). Continuous cultivation for a long period of time (30 years) using raw urban wastewater application has led to the adverse effect of increasingly available Pb concentration (5.44 mg kg−1). Similar temporal behavior was seen for Cd and Fe, which increased by 0.98 and 11.2 mg kg−1, respectively, after 30 years. The heavy metals in wastewater-irrigated soils significantly increased in clayey soils, as compared to sandy soils irrigated from the same source. Our findings provide important information for decision makers in Egypt and similar countries for the development of a strategy for the use of wastewater in irrigation for sustainable agricultural management.

An Investigation of the Soil Property Changes and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Relation to Long-term Wastewater Irrigation in the Semi-arid Region of Iran

Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal ◽

10.1080/15320383.2011.609202 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 20 (7) ◽

pp. 841-856 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S. Rezapour ◽

A. Samadi ◽

Habib Khodaverdiloo

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Arid Region ◽

Soil Property ◽

Metal Accumulation ◽

Wastewater Irrigation ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Property Changes ◽

Semi Arid

INFLUENCE OF TECHNOGENIC EMISSIONS OF THE AGMZ ON THE ECOLOGICAL TOXICOLOGICAL STATE OF THE AGROECOSYSTEMS OF THE DEBET RIVER BASIN, RA

EurasianUnionScientists ◽

10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.6.75.872 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (6(75)) ◽

pp. 26-30

Author(s):

S. A. Hunanyan ◽

T. A. Jhangiryan ◽

A. L. Mkrtchyan

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Vegetation Cover ◽

Phosphorus Content ◽

Humus Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Contamination Rate ◽

Agricultural Crops ◽

Yield Capacity ◽

The Impact ◽

Properties Of Soil

Upon the investigations the contamination rate of soil and vegetation cover of the basin at river Debed and the impact of technogenesis on the agro-chemical properties of soil and yield capacity of agricultural crops has been identified. It has been found out that the content of heavy metal forms exceeds that of the control one by the following figures: Cu-in 47,5 and 31,8; Pb-32,9 and 36,1; Mo-35,9 and 23,8; Zn-9,5 and 19,1; Co-5,1 and 5,9; Cd25,5 and 23,1 times. The humus content has decreased in 1,2-2,7 times, that of the total and mobile nitrogen has decreased in 1,1-2,17 and 1,4-2,6 times, phosphorus content in 1,0-1,87 and 1,08-2,74 times, potassium content in 1,0-1,38 and 1,13-2,06 times. The environmental reaction has turned from the neutral and poorly alkaline into poorly acidic and acidic one. The amount of HM in the soil and plants has exceeded the MAC (maximum allowable concentration) and the yield capacity of agricultural crops has fallen down by 7,5-29 %.

The Impact of Municipal Wastewater and Heavy Metal Mixture on Larvae of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Acta Zoologica Lituanica ◽

10.1080/13921657.2003.10512308 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 372-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Janina Sˇyvokienė ◽

Pranutė Stasięnaitė ◽

Liongina Mickėnienė

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Metal Mixture ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

The impact of natural weathering and mining on heavy metal accumulation in the karst areas of the Pearl River Basin, China

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139480 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 734 ◽

pp. 139480 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weihua Wu ◽

Shuyi Qu ◽

Werner Nel ◽

Junfeng Ji

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

River Basin ◽

Metal Accumulation ◽

Pearl River ◽

Pearl River Basin ◽

Karst Areas ◽

The Pearl River ◽

The Impact ◽

The Pearl River Basin

IMPACT OF AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS ON SOIL EROSION PROCESSES AND SOIL PROPERTIES ON HILLY LANDSCAPE IN WESTERN LITHUANIA

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management ◽

10.3846/16486897.2015.1054289 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 60-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gintaras JARAŠIŪNAS ◽

Irena KINDERIENĖ

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Soil Texture ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different land use systems on soil erosion rates, surface evolution processes and physico-chemical properties on a moraine hilly topography in Lithuania. The soil of the experimental site is Bathihypogleyi – Eutric Albeluvisols (abe–gld–w) whose texture is a sandy loam. After a 27-year use of different land conservation systems, three critical slope segments (slightly eroded, active erosion and accumulation) were formed. Soil physical properties of the soil texture and particle sizes distribution were examined. Chemical properties analysed for were soil ph, available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N). We estimated the variation in thickness of the soil Ap horizon and soil physico-chemical properties prone to a sustained erosion process. During the study period (2010–2012) water erosion occurred under the grain– grass and grass–grain crop rotations, at rates of 1.38 and 0.11 m3 ha–1 yr–1, respectively. Soil exhumed due to erosion from elevated positions accumulated in the slope bottom. As a result, topographic transfiguration of hills and changes in soil properties occurred. However, the accumulation segments of slopes had significantly higher silt/clay ratios and SOC content. In the active erosion segments a lighter soil texture and lower soil ph were recorded. Only long-term grassland completely stopped soil erosion effects; therefore geomorphologic change and degradation of hills was estimated there as minimal.

Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil, Paddy Straw and SEM analysis of the soil for the impact of wastewater irrigation in Girudhumal Sub basin of Tamil Nadu, India

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.002784 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Soil Structure ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Wastewater Irrigation ◽

Urban Region ◽

Paddy Straw ◽

<p>The objective of the study is to determine accumulation and translocation of heavy metals from soil to paddy straw irrigated with urban sewage wastewater in peri-urban region of Girudhumal subbasin area in Madurai. The soil samples were collected in seven locations irrigated with treated and untreated wastewater and analyzed for physical properties like pH, EC, bulk density, soil type, major (N,P,K) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) and heavy metals Ni, Cd, Pb. SEM analysis showed that soil structure is significantly influenced by wastewater irrigation. It confirms that the wastewater irrigation disturbs soil structure and affecting the plant growth in long run.  Pb content was higher than the prescribed safe limits in S5 and S6 location, similarly, Ni also was higher than the safe limit in all the locations. Pollution Load Index values are in the range of 0.08-0.56 for all sites, and it indicated that chance of heavy metal contamination is less. The EF values show moderate enrichment to Ni and Zn, Significant enrichment for Cd and Cu, Extremely high for Pb and deficiency for Mn. All these results confirmed that there is no immediate risk of heavy metal pollution, however with respect to Pb and Ni the plant tissues are showing higher values. The transfer factor for heavy metals from soil to paddy straw is less than 0.5 for Cd and for others is more than 0.5 indicated greater chances for heavy metal contamination.</p>

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) as Buffer for Heavy Metals Phytoextraction by Cucurbita maxima Duch. Grown on Crude Oil Contaminated Soil

Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/jhpr.3.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Okon G. Okon ◽

J.E. Okon ◽

G.D.O. Eneh

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Crude Oil ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Cucurbita Maxima

This study evaluated the influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (Rhizophagus irregularis) fungi inoculation (M) on the growth ofCucurbita maximaand as a buffer against phytoextraction of selected heavy metals (HM) (Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd and Pb) from a soil contaminated with crude oil (C). The experiment was set up using four soil treatments, each with three replicates C+ M-, C+ M+, C-M+ and C-M- (control without oil and inoculum). The shoot length, petiole length, number of nodes, leaf area and percentage germination ofC. maximawere significantly (p=0.05) reduced in uninoculated crude oil treatment (C+ M-), unpolluted mycorrhizal inoculated treatments (C-M+) showed remarkable response in growth parameters above the control (C-M-), while the polluted and inoculated treatment (C+ M+) showed significant (p=0.05) increase in growth parameters when compared to the polluted uninoculated treatment (C+ M-). Heavy metals analysis revealed a significant (p=0.05) difference in the heavy metal accumulation ofC. maxima. The heavy metals analyzed in this study are present thus inC. maxima; Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Cd. Crude oil polluted uninoculated treatment (C+ M-) recorded the highest concentrations of heavy metals than crude oil polluted inoculated (R. irregularis) treatment (C+ M+). Mycorrhizal inoculated unpolluted treatment (C-M+) and unpolluted uninoculated treatment (C-M-) indicated the lowest heavy metal concentrations. Inoculation withR. irregularissignificantly (p=0.05) reduced heavy metals uptake byC. maximaas observed in this study. Also, the negative effect of crude oil on AMF root colonization ofC. maximabyR. irregulariswas observed in polluted and inoculated treatment. HM often accumulate in the top layer of soil, therefore, are available for uptake by plants via roots, which is a major entry point of HM that ultimately affects different physiological processes. AM fungi can impinge on the chemical properties of heavy metals in the soil, their absorption by the host plant, and their allocation to different plant parts, affecting plant growth and the bioremediation process, thus making the AM fungi a suitable buffer for mitigating heavy metal stress onC. maxima.