scholarly journals IMPACT OF AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS ON SOIL EROSION PROCESSES AND SOIL PROPERTIES ON HILLY LANDSCAPE IN WESTERN LITHUANIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintaras JARAŠIŪNAS ◽  
Irena KINDERIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different land use systems on soil erosion rates, surface evolution processes and physico-chemical properties on a moraine hilly topography in Lithuania. The soil of the experimental site is Bathihypogleyi – Eutric Albeluvisols (abe–gld–w) whose texture is a sandy loam. After a 27-year use of different land conservation systems, three critical slope segments (slightly eroded, active erosion and accumulation) were formed. Soil physical properties of the soil texture and particle sizes distribution were examined. Chemical properties analysed for were soil ph, available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N). We estimated the variation in thickness of the soil Ap horizon and soil physico-chemical properties prone to a sustained erosion process. During the study period (2010–2012) water erosion occurred under the grain– grass and grass–grain crop rotations, at rates of 1.38 and 0.11 m3 ha–1 yr–1, respectively. Soil exhumed due to erosion from elevated positions accumulated in the slope bottom. As a result, topographic transfiguration of hills and changes in soil properties occurred. However, the accumulation segments of slopes had significantly higher silt/clay ratios and SOC content. In the active erosion segments a lighter soil texture and lower soil ph were recorded. Only long-term grassland completely stopped soil erosion effects; therefore geomorphologic change and degradation of hills was estimated there as minimal.

Dynamics in physico–chemical properties of soils under oil palm plantations of different ages

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Olufemi Adewale Osinuga
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils

This research investigated the changes in the physicochemical properties of soils under oil palm plantations of different ages. Soil surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40 cm) samples have been obtained from various ages of oil palm plantations (0-5, 5-10, 10-15 and, 15-20 years). Two distinct samples were taken on the same farm, under alleys and heaped pruned fronds. Soil samples used as a standard (control) were collected from adjacent forest land. Analyses of particle size showed that the soils were sandy loam to sandy clay loam texture soils. Bulk density was low to moderate (0.93 – 1.25 g/cm3), and varied with age and depth. The soils were moderate to neutral pH (5.38 – 6.81), low to moderate organic carbon (11.6 – 21.7 g/kg) and total nitrogen (1.18 – 2.03 g/kg), and relatively low available phosphorus (4.43 – 6.21 mg/kg) contents. Based on the standard ratings, cation exchangeable capacity content was low (4.93 – 6.15 cmol/kg), while high percent base saturation (85.3 – 93.2%) was observed. The soil properties determined showed that soil nutrients under alleys fluctuated with age whiles that under heaped fronds increased. Research findings have shown that the soil properties of different ages of oil palm plantations vary and should be handled differently based on their characteristics. Accumulation of organic residue on the floor of the plantations should be encouraged as this will help increase organic matter levels.

scholarly journals Changes in physico-chemical properties of paddy soil due to water and fertilizer management

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan ◽  
AKM Abul Ahsan ◽  
MMR Jahangir ◽  
Mahmud Hossain ◽  
Md Anwarul Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical

Soil physico-chemical properties are an important phenomenon for sustainable crop production and maintenance of optimum soil health. Hence, a laboratory measurement was conducted with soil samples of three years long experimental field of the Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to assess the changes in five selected soil physico-chemical properties viz. soil texture, bulk density, soil pH, total nitrogen and organic matter. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with two water regimes (continuous flooding and alternate wetting & drying) in the main plots and five fertilizer treatments (N0 - control, N1- 140 kg N/ha as PU, N2- 104 kg N/ha as USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills), N3 - 5 t CD + PU @ 140 kg N /ha on IPNS basis and N4- 5 t CD + USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills @ 104 kg N/ha)) in the subplots under rice-rice cropping pattern with three replications. After three years, soil samples were collected at 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depths for measuring bulk density and at 0-10 cm depth for other soil properties and analyzed. Results found that % sand, % silt, % clay, bulk density and soil pH was not changed significantly compared to initial status. Percentage of total nitrogen and organic matter was significantly affected by irrigation and fertilization. Total nitrogen (%) was higher in AWD whereas organic matter (%) was higher in CF practice. The highest total nitrogen (%) and organic matter (%) was found in N4 treatment in which USG was applied in combination with cowdung as organic manure. It can be suggested that N4 treatment was formed good combination for sustaining chemical properties of soil. Further long- term experimentation will be needed to know the changes in soil properties for sustainable crop production and improving soil health. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (2), 65-71

scholarly journals Effects of animal manures on enzymes activities and physico-chemical properties of a degraded humid ultisol

Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
A.I. Afangide ◽  
N.H. Okoli ◽  
M.A. Okon ◽  
N.T. Egboka ◽  
P. Inyang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Animal Manures ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Physico Chemical

Application of animal manures for soil amendment plays a major role in the improvement of soil properties and enzymatic activities of a degraded Ultisol. This study assessed the effects of poultry manure (PM) and swine manure (SM) on the activities of catalase and urease enzymes and some soil properties. The PM and SM were applied at the rate of 30 t ha–1 each on experimental plots arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Soil samples were collected at day 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 from 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths and analyzed for catalase and urease enzymes and some soil properties using standard procedures. The results showed increase in soil pH (in H2O) from 4.0 to 5.4 following manure application. At 0-15 cm soil depth, PM and SM recorded 28.1 and 28.8% increases in soil pH (in H2O), respectively. Soil organic carbon was highest (2.6 g kg–1) at 0-15 cm depth for soil amended with SM while the lowest value of 1.1 g kg–1was obtained at 15-30 cm depth for soil unamended with SM. In PM-amended soil, catalase activities ranged from 1.32 to 6.77 mg g–1 while its activities in SM-treated soil significantly (p < 0.05) varied between 1.55 and 8.11 mg g–1. Urease showed ranges of 0.72-3.90 mg g–1 and 0.96-4.71 mg g–1 in PM-amended and SM-treated soils, respectively. The results uphold that animal manures improve soil properties and are enzymatically controlled.

scholarly journals Estimation of nitrogen transforming microorganisms in soils of different tea valleys of Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
MA Gafur ◽  
Afroza Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Denitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
Tea Plants

Physico-chemical properties of soils and quantitative estimation and distribution of population of Azotobacter, ammonifying, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in soils under tea plants of tea valleys of Bangladesh were studied. Soil texture ranged from loam to clay loam, pH ranged from 4.84 - 5.65 and organic carbon varied between 0.18 and 2.12%. Population of Azotobacter, ammonifying bacteria, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter and denitrifying bacteria ranged from 18.0 × 109/g - 88.4 × 109cfu/g soil, 0.20 × 109/g - 0.24 × 109/g soil, 0.20 × 109/g - 0.24 × 109/g soil, 0.20 × 109/g - 0.24 × 109/g soil and 0.17 × 109/g - 0.24 × 109/g soil, respectively. The populations of microorganisms were not related with soil pH and organic carbon. Ammonifying bacteria was positively and significantly correlated with Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas with Nitrobacter at 0.01% level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i1.15907 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(1): 161-165, 2013 (June)

scholarly journals Soil Physico-chemical Properties Changes under Different Crops in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Awe ◽  
O. O. Nurudeen ◽  
S. O. Omotoso ◽  
A. A. Amiola ◽  
D. Ojeniyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Classical Statistics

The sustainable soil management necessary to maintain soil quality depends on the understanding of how the soil responds to agricultural practices over time. This paper reports the changes in physicochemical properties that resulted from different cropping systems on a soil in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from sole maize plot (1.0 ha), sole cowpea plot (1.0ha) and cassava/maize intercrop plot (0.6ha) on a land that was previously under fallow. The sand, silt and clay contents of the soil and some selected chemical parameters varied considerably within the study area (different cropping zones). The soil was generally sandy loam and was found to vary from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline and generally low in Soil Organic Matter (SOM) and Available P (Av. P) with no salinity problem. High magnitude of variability was observed for Electrical Conductivity (EC), Av. P and SOM while pH had the least magnitude. A geostatistical evaluation of the soil chemical properties showed moderate to strong spatial dependence. The geospatial maps clearly revealed the heterogeneity of the soil chemical properties across the field. Both classical statistics and geo-statistical analyses of the soil of the area provided a better understanding of the spatial variability of soil chemical properties and the influence that such could have on crop performance. The results indicated that the soil pH is slightly acidic and contained low amounts of both SOM and Av. P. It is suggested that planting of cover crops, minimum tillage and controlled application of phosphate fertilizer should be done so as to increase the SOM, improve Av. P and maintain the soil pH. Further studies should be conducted to include other soil chemical properties such that robust site specific management programme could be effected.

scholarly journals Effects of cultivating different crops on soil erosion of slope farmland

2021 ◽  
pp. 925-932
Author(s):  
Zhen Guo ◽  
Juan Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Slope Farmland

The soil nutrient content, particle size composition, crop yield and erosion resistance were studied considering the slope farmland with different slope sizes and different crops as the research object. The results showed that the available phosphorus content was higher under the wheat planting mode. Rape planting was conducive to the accumulation of organic matter, total nitrogen and available potassium, and nutrient accumulation was more obvious when treated at 5° slope. The soil texture was sandy loam under the wheat planting mode. After rapeseed planting, the soil texture began to change to silt loam. The crop yield was the highest under different planting modes at 5°. Rapeseed was found to increase the soil erosion resistance of sloping farmland compared with wheat, and the greater was the slope, the stronger the erosion resistance. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 925-932, 2021 (September) Special

scholarly journals Soil fertility status of some mango orchards in Chittagong Hill Tracts

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
MG Kibria ◽  
MJ Ahammad ◽  
KT Osman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available P ◽  
Total N ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soil Fertility Status ◽  
Orchard Soils

Major physico-chemical properties of mango orchard soils (Mangifera indica L.) in different sites of three hill districts, Rangamati, Khagrachari and Bandarban were evaluated. Soils were sandy loam in texture at all the sites except foot hill soil of Shapchari. Soil pH, organic matter, total N and available P varied from 4.76 to 5.58, 1.43 to 2.49 %, 0.10 to 0.16 %, 0.86 mg kg-1 to 2.69 mg kg-1 soil, respectively in surface soil of different sites of mango orchard. 1N NH4OAc extractable K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ranged from 0.35 to 0.82, 2.50 to 3.66 and 0.60 to 1.57 cmol kg-1 of soils. Soil pH, organic matter, total N and available P varied significantly among the slope positions within the sites. Similar results were found in case of 1N NH4OAc extractable K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. The soils are generally poor in organic matter and nutrients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17244 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):187-197, 2011

scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties of acid soils from Madhupur Tract and Northern & Eastern Piedmont Plains of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Asif Ahmed Ratul ◽  
Tahsina Sharmin Hoque ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Md Anamul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Physico Chemical

Soil reaction is an important issue that adversely affects soil fertility and crop productivity. Twenty five representative soil samples from farmers’ fields of Ramchandrakura, Bishgiripar, Andharupara and Nayabil villages of Nalitabari upazila under Sherpur district (AEZ 22-Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plains) and twenty soil samples from farmers’ fields of Bakta, Nishchintopur, Boril and Kaladaho villages of Fulbaria upazila under Mymensingh district (AEZ 28-Madhupur Tract) were collected and analyzed to study the physico-chemical properties of acid soils. Among 45 samples, 13 were sandy loam, 17 were silt loam, 10 were loam, 2 were clay loam and 3 were loamy sand in texture. Soil pH was very strongly acidic to strongly acidic. The soil pH of AEZ 22 varied from 3.81 to 4.78 and that of AEZ 28 varied from 3.96 to 5.11. The organic C of Nalitabari soil varied from 0.50 to 1.35% and that of Fulbaria soils ranged from 0.50 to 1.27% showing low to medium status. The status of nutrient elements viz. N, P, K and S in most of the samples was very low or very low to medium. Total N contents of AEZ 22 varied from 0.06 to 0.14% and that of AEZ 28 varied from 0.07 to 0.16%. Available P in soils of AEZ 22 varied from 3.25 to 26.45 ppm and that in soils of AEZ 28 ranged from 2.45 to 16.62 ppm. Exchangeable K in AEZ 22 soils varied from 15.13 to 92.41 ppm and that in AEZ 28 soils varied from 16.09 to 98.41 ppm. Available S in AEZ 22 soils varied from 1.68 to 33.70 ppm and that in AEZ 28 soils from 3.95 to 27.52 ppm. Therefore, these acid soils should be amended with liming materials and fertilized with inorganic fertilizers and organic manures for successful crop production. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 12-20

scholarly journals Fruska gora mountainous environments - assessing the impact of geological setting and land use on soil properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-468
Author(s):  
Tamara Djordjevic ◽  
Milica Kasanin-Grubin ◽  
Gordana Gajica ◽  
Zorica Popovic ◽  
Rada Matic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Rock Composition ◽  
Geological Setting ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

On a global scale, it has been found that in the last decades the surface of the vulnerable land and land affected by degradation is increasing and that unsustainable land management is one of the key drivers of land degradation. In order to assess the effect that these changes have on biodiversity and ecosystem services, and to carry out the appropriate planning and management actions for conserving the environment it is essential to identify and quantify changes caused by land degradation. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of geological setting i.e. type of bedrock, and land use on soil physico-chemical properties in vulnerable mountainous areas of Fruskagora. For the purpose of this study the total of 30 soil samples at 0-20 cm depth were collected at four locations on the Fruskagora Mt. Geological setting was serpentinite and marl and land cover was forest and meadow. Following soil properties were determined: pH, redox potential (Eh), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), concentrations of available cations Ca, Mg, K, Na, contents of organic carbon (Corg) and nitrogen (N). The correlation between the obtained parameters was tested with two-way ANOVA and Principal Component Analyses (PCA). All of the obtained results indicate that the soil physico-chemical properties depend on geological setting and that rock composition has to be taken into consideration during land management.

Spatial heterogeneity of soil physico-chemical properties in contrasting wetland soils in two agro-ecological zones of Lesotho

Soil Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nkheloane ◽  
A. O. Olaleye ◽  
R. Mating
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Wetlands are complex ecosystems, often exhibiting considerable spatial variability, making the understanding of soil spatial relationships within them difficult. A study was conducted to evaluate spatial variability of soil physico-chemical properties in two contrasting wetlands in two agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Lesotho. Soil samples were collected along two transects in mini-pits dug at different depths at 50-m intervals. The collected samples were analysed for particle size, pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), SOC pool, available phosphorus (Av-P), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and base cations. Results showed that within-site variability was very low for sand particles and pH (coefficient of variation <15% for both properties). Soil physical properties generally showed less spatial heterogeneity than chemical properties, which differed widely within and between the study sites. There was generally low correlation between soil properties, and SOC accounted for most of the variation observed at both sites, especially T’sakholo with partial R2 = 94%; at Thaba-Putsoa, partial R2 = 44%. Geostatistical analysis showed that all of the nugget to sill ratios (NSR) showed strong spatial dependence (i.e. NSR of 54–94%) except SOC (T’sakholo stream-bank) with no spatial dependence, with the nugget accounting for 23.43%. We therefore conclude that further wetland studies in Lesotho should attempt to quantify not only the soil properties or processes under investigation but also their spatial variability, because this spatial variability can provide insight into underlying ecosystem processes and may itself indicate wetland condition. In addition, results of stepwise multiple regression showed that SOC and texture could be used across these sites for the sustainable management of these wetlands.

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