scholarly journals Differences in the Microarchitectural and Histomorphologic Characteristics Between Glucocorticoid-induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head and Alcohol-induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Chen ◽  
Kexin Liu ◽  
Yu Miao ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Feng Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of Femoral Head ◽  
Normal Region ◽  
Femoral Heads ◽  
Necrotic Region ◽  
Reactive Interface ◽  
Lateral Orientation

Abstract AimsTo analyze microarchitecture and histomorphology characteristics of different regions in femoral heads from patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (GIONFH) and alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (AIONFH). MethodsPatients diagnosed with GIONFH and AIONFH were recruited. Femoral heads were obtained after total hip replacement. Micro-CT was applied to evaluate the microstructure of 9 regions of interest (ROIs) in the femoral head. Along the supero-inferior orientation, the femoral head was divided into necrotic region, reactive interface, and normal region; along the medio-lateral orientation, the femoral head was divided into medial region, central region and lateral region. Decalcified and undecalcified bone histology were then performed to assess histopathological alterations and bone remodeling levels. Results42 GIONFH patients (50 hips) and 43 AIONFH patients (50 hips) anticipated in the study. In the necrotic region, most of the microarchitectural parameters did not differ significantly between GIONFH and AIONFH, whereas both the reactive interface and normal region illustrated significant differences in the microstructure and histomorphometry. The reactive interface and normal region exhibited a less sclerotic microarchitecture, but a higher bone remodeling level in GIONFH as compared with AIONFH. Despite similar necrotic pathological manifestations, subchondral trabecular microfracture in the necrotic region was more severe and vasculature of the reactive interface was more abundant in GIONFH. ConclusionsAlthough these two subtypes of ONFH shared similar microarchitecture and pathological features in the necrotic region, GIONFH exhibited a less sclerotic microarchitecture and a more active bone metabolic status in both the reactive interface and normal region.

scholarly journals Bushenhuoxue formula inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption on rabbit steroid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head by suppressing NF-κB/NFATc1 pathway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Songfeng Hu ◽  
Huihui Xu ◽  
Wenhua Yuan ◽  
Chenjie Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Post Induction ◽  
Femoral Heads

Abstract Background: To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Bushenhuoxue formula (BSHXF) on steroid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). Methods：Seventy-five male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups: control group, model group and BSHXF group. Rabbit SONFH was induced by methylprednisolone (MPS) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). At week 2 and 6 post induction, the corresponding number of rabbits were sacrificed, and the femoral heads were harvested for tissue analyses, including histopathology, mechanical test of femoral heads, micro-CT, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, immunohistochemistry for p-P65 and co-staining of TRAP and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Additionally, the serum TRACP5b level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Meanwhile, we also evaluated the effect of BSHXF treatment on osteoclastogenesis in vitro. The protein level of cathepsin K (CTSK), P65, p-P65 and NFATc1 in rabbit femoral heads and RAW264.7 cells were detected, respectively.Results: At weeks 2 and 6 post induction, the elevated TRAP, p-P65 expression and reduced ALP expression were observed in the model group, with decreases in weight-bearing capacity of femoral heads and bone mass. After BSHXF treatment, the ratio of empty lacuna and the incidence of osteonecrosis in BSHXF group were markedly lower than that in model group. Micro-CT evaluation indicated that BSHXF has a preventive effect on bone loss in rabbit SONFH. In addition, BSHXF treatment increased weight-bearing capacity of femoral heads and reduced TRAP+ osteoclasts and serum TRACP5b level. Interestingly, CTSK, p-P65 and NFATc1 upregulation in necrotic femoral head could be reversed by BSHXF treatment, which also effectively inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and down-regulated CTSK, p-P65 and NFATc1 expression in vitro.Conclusions: BSHXF could inhibit osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption on rabbit steroid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head by suppressing NF-κB/NFATc1 pathway.

scholarly journals Tetramethylpyrazine Enhances Vascularization and Prevents Osteonecrosis in Steroid-Treated Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yini Jiang ◽  
Chunfang Liu ◽  
Weiheng Chen ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Empty Lacuna ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
Femoral Heads ◽  
Vessel Volume ◽  
Neural Disorders ◽  
First Time

Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (steroid-induced ONFH) is an avascular necrosis disease of bone. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), with significant vascular protective properties, has been widely used for the treatments of ischemic neural disorders and cardiovascular diseases. However, its role in the treatment of steroid-induced ONFH has not been evaluated. In this study, our results showed that TMP significantly decreased the ratio of empty lacuna, adipose tissue area, and adipocyte perimeter in steroid-induced ONFH rats histopathologically. TMP also reduced the levels of serum lipid dramatically by haematological examination. According to the micro-CT quantification, TMP could improve the microstructure of the trabecular bone and increases bone mineral density in steroid-induced ONFH rats. Moreover, TMP significantly increased the vessel volume, vessel surface, percentage of vessel volume, and vessel thickness of the femoral heads by micro-CT. Interestingly, the downregulation of VEGF and FLK1 proteins in the sera and necrotic femoral heads could be reversed by TMP treatment, and this was true for their mRNA expressions in femoral heads. In conclusion, these findings suggest for the first time that TMP may prevent steroid-induced ONFH and also enhance femoral head vascularization by inhibiting the effect of steroid on VEGF/FLK1 signal pathway.

scholarly journals Central Osteophytes in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Hip Joint Compared to Healthy Subjects: A Histological study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Klose-Jensen ◽  
Andreas Wiggers Nielsen ◽  
Louise Brøndt Hartlev ◽  
Jesper Skovhus Thomasen ◽  
Lene Warner Thorup Boel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Hip ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Hip Replacement Surgery ◽  
Femoral Heads

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and size of marginal and central osteophytes in patients with osteoarthritis (OA), and to compare these to that of healthy subjects. Design: We investigated femoral heads from 25 patients with OA following hip replacement surgery, and 25 femoral heads from healthy subjects obtained post-mortem. The area and boundary length of the femoral head, marginalosteophytes, and central osteophytes were determined with histomorphometry. Marginal osteophytes were defined as bony projections at the peripheral margin of the femoral head, while central osteophytes were defined as areas of bone that expanded from the normal curvature of the femoral head up into the articular cartilage.Results: The median[25th−75th percentile] number of marginal osteophytes was 5[5−6] for patients with OA compared to 0[0−1] for the healthy subjects (P<0.001). The median number of central osteophytes was 3[2−4] for patients with OA, which was significantly higher thanthat of 1[0−2]for the healthy subjects (P < 0.001). The marginal and central osteophytes were significantly larger in patients with OA than in healthy subjects. In healthy subjects, the central osteophytes were more frequent than the marginal osteophytes (P = 0.045).Conclusion: At the hip, bothmarginal- and central osteophytes were more frequent and larger in patients with OA than in healthy subjects. The higher number of central osteophytes compared to marginal osteophytes in the healthy subjects may suggest that central osteophytes arean early phenomenon of osteoarthritis.

Holding Power of Orthopaedic Screws in Bovine Femoral Heads

1993 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 160-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Ulm ◽  
D. G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Cannulated Screws ◽  
Cancellous Screw ◽  
Holding Power ◽  
Cortical Screw ◽  
Femoral Heads ◽  
Cancellous Screws ◽  
Physeal Fractures

SummaryFemoral capital physeal fractures have been successfully repaired using 7.0 mm cannulated screws. The holding power of 7.0 mm cannulated screws was compared to the holding power of 5.5 mm cortical screws and 6.5 mm cancellous screws using paired bovine femoral heads. The 7.0 mm cannulated screw’s holding power was superior to the 6.5 mm cancellous screw and similar to that of the 5.5 mm cortical screw.When placed in the bovine femoral head, 7.0 mm cannulated screws have holding power greater than 6.5 mm cancellous screws and similar to 5.5 mm cortical screws.

Operated unstable pertrochanteric fractures leading to osteonecrosis of femoral head

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Neetin P. Mahajan ◽  
Ankit A. Marfatia ◽  
Nadir Z. Shah ◽  
F Memon ◽  
S. Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of Femoral Head ◽  
Pertrochanteric Fractures

CaO2/Gelatin Oxygen Slow-Releasing Microspheres Facilitate Tissue Engineering Efficiency for Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head via Enhancing Angiogenesis and Survival of Grafted Bone Marrow Mesenchyml Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengqiang Wang ◽  
Haixia Xu ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Ziyue Peng ◽  
Ruoxing Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Refractory Disease ◽  
Pathogenic Factor ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of Femoral Head ◽  
Critical Challenge

Osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH), a common refractory disease, is not fully understood today. Hypoxia caused by ischemia is not only an important pathogenic factor, but also a critical challenge...

A comparison of 2 cementing techniques in hip resurfacing using human femoral heads

2021 ◽  
pp. 112070002199706
Author(s):  
Sarah J Shiels ◽  
Martin Williams ◽  
Gordon C Bannister ◽  
Richard P Baker
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Femoral Component ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Hip Resurfacing ◽  
Air Bubble ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Femoral Heads ◽  
Group 2

Introduction: Hip resurfacing remains a valid option in young male patients. The creation of the optimum cement mantle aids fixation of the femoral component. If the cement mantle is too thick the prosthesis can remain proud leading to early failure or if it penetrates too far into the femoral head, it may cause osteonecrosis. Method: 18 of 96 femoral heads collected from patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty were matched for their surface porosity. They were randomly allocated into 2 different cementing groups. Group 1 had the traditional bolus of cement technique, while group 2 had a modified cementing technique (swirl) where the inside of the femoral component was lined with an even layer of low viscosity cement. Results: The traditional bolus technique had significantly greater cement mantle thickness in 3 of 4 zones of penetration ( p = 0.002), greater and larger air bubble formation (6 of 9 in bolus technique vs. 1 in 9 in swirl technique, p = 0.05) and more incomplete cement mantles compared with the swirl technique. There was no relationship to femoral head porosity. Conclusion: The swirl technique should be used to cement the femoral component in hip resurfacing. Long-term clinical studies would conform if this translates into increased survivorship of the femoral component.

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