Research Update for: A Method for Out-of-autoclave Fabrication of High Fiber Volume Fraction Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (ARL-TR-6057)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jr Holmes ◽  
Larry R.
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
Out Of Autoclave

Effect of fiber prestressing on mechanical properties of glass fiber epoxy composites manufactured by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed M Selim ◽  
Haibin Ning ◽  
Selvum Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Fiber Waviness ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

The mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced polymer composites depend on several aspects such as the characteristics of constituents, fiber volume fraction, and manufacturing techniques. Fiber prestressing is considered a very attractive manufacturing technique that can be used to produce fiber-reinforced polymer composites with high mechanical properties. This technique has the potential to eliminate or reduce some manufacturing problems like fiber waviness. In the present study, a new approach was used to prepare prestressed fiber-reinforced polymer composites. Unidirectional E-glass fiber-stitched mats were impregnated with epoxy matrix through vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding process. Once the infusion was done, a pre-calculated tensile force was applied to the fiber mats through a hydraulic tensile machine. The impregnated fiber mats were left under tension and vacuum during curing of the epoxy matrix (24 h). Five prestressed samples were prepared by using five different prestressing levels 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 MPa. In addition, non-prestressed (control) sample was prepared for the purpose of comparison. The influence of fiber prestressing on fiber waviness, fiber volume fraction, and void content was investigated. Flexural, tensile, and compression tests were performed to observe the effect of fiber prestressing on the mechanical properties. The results have shown the success of this new approach in producing prestressed fiber-reinforced polymer composites with high mechanical properties comparing to non-prestressed composites. The microstructure analysis has shown dramatical reduction in fiber waviness for the prestressed samples over control sample. All prestressed samples have shown higher fiber volume fraction and lower void content comparing to the control sample. Also the results have shown as the prestressing level increases, fiber volume fraction increase and void content decreases. Prestressing levels of 40 and 60 MPa were found to be the best candidates, they have led to an increase in tensile strength, compressive strength, and flexural strength by 24.2%, 72.5%, 28% and 28.6%, 100.4%, 26.1%, respectively, comparing to the non-prestressed sample. Ease of implementation and promising results of this new approach would attract the attention toward it. Automotive industry is one potential nominee to apply this approach during manufacturing of fiber-reinforced polymer leaf spring.

Fatigue damage analysis of fiber-reinforced polymer composites—A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 636-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Touhid Alam Ansari ◽  
Kalyan Kumar Singh ◽  
Mohammad Sikandar Azam
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Fiber-reinforced polymer composites are becoming suitable and substantial materials in the repair and replacement of conventional metallic materials because of their high strength and stiffness. These composites undergo various types of static and fatigue loads during service. One of the major tests that conventional and composite materials have to experience is fatigue test. It refers to the testing for the cyclic behavior of materials. Composite materials are different from metals, as they indicate a distinct behavior under fatigue loading. The fatigue damage and failure mechanisms are more intricate in composite materials than in metals in which a crack initiates and propagates up to fracture. In composite materials, several micro-cracks initiate at the primary stage of the fatigue growth, resulting in the initiation of various types of fatigue damage. Fiber volume fraction is an important parameter to describe a composite laminate. The fatigue strength increases with the increase of the fiber volume fraction to a certain level and then decreases because of the lack of enough resin to grip the fibers. The fatigue behavior of fiber-reinforced polymer composites depends on various factors, e.g., constituent materials, manufacturing process, hysteresis heating, fiber orientation, type of loading, interface properties, frequency, mean stress, environment. This review paper explores the effects of various parameters like fiber type, fiber orientation, fiber volume fraction, etc. on the fatigue behavior of fiber-reinforced polymer composites.

Tensile Behaviour of Kenaf Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafizah, N. A. K. ◽  
Hussin, M. W. ◽  
Jamaludin, M. Y. ◽  
Bhutta, M. A. R. ◽  
Ismail, M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Natural fiber is usually used as reinforcement in polymeric materials, and short fibers are commonly used for non-structural applications. However, the lack of studies on long fiber reinforced polymeric materials, especially kenaf fiber, has limited its usage in Malaysia. This paper presents the experimental results of a series of tensile tests conducted on continuous kenaf fibers produced with different types of thermoset resin (epoxy, polyester, and vinyl ester) arranged longitudinally. A total of 75 kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites containing up to 50% fiber volume fraction including 15 neat samples as control samples were produced. Then, the samples were tested using Universal Testing Machine to obtain their tensile behaviour. Results indicated that the composites’ performance increased gradually with every increment of fiber volume fraction. Factors affecting the tensile behaviour of kenaf fiber reinforced polymers are also explained and discussed. In conclusion, kenaf fiber can be used as reinforcing materials in polymeric materials.  

Tensile Properties of Epoxy Matrix Reinforced with Fique Fabric

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Michelle Souza Oliveira ◽  
Fabio da Costa Garcia Filho ◽  
Fernanda Santos da Luz ◽  
Artur Camposo Pereira ◽  
Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Composite materials are being extensively studied for ballistic armor. Their main advantage is connected to the possibility of deeply reducing weight and costs by maintaining high performances in terms of strength and security. Epoxy composites are reinforced with natural fibers which are replacing other synthetic reinforcement materials. Composites are prepared using polymers as matrix material because of ease of production with different reinforcements. The mechanical strength of the natural fiber reinforced polymer composites has been compared with synthetic fiber reinforced polymer composites and it is found that for achieving equivalent mechanical strength of the material, the volume fraction of the natural fiber should be much higher than synthetic fiber. This work being an experimental study on untreated “as received” fique fabric-reinforced epoxy composites, to demonstrate the potential of this renewable source of natural fiber for use in a number of applications.

Investigation on the effects of microstructure on machining unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites with a modified force model

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 379-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhang Xiao ◽  
Chongyang Gao ◽  
Guifeng Wang ◽  
Pengcheng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

The paper aims to investigate the correlation of microstructural characteristics and machinability of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites by a modified analytical model. A representative volume element was selected to present the microstructure and analyze the force distribution, in which the interphase between the fiber and the matrix was considered significantly. And the microstructure can be obviously measured by using microscopic observation, especially the interphase was found to be around 0.3 μm in the used carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. To study the representative volume element effect on the cutting behavior of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites, the prediction of cutting force was done by using a modified force model. Compared with the experiments, the developed model can well predict the cutting forces and subsurface damage in the carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites cutting. It was found that surface integrity as well as subsurface damage has a coincident varying trend with the fiber orientations, as confirmed by the observations of the machined surface at different fiber orientations. The good surface integrity can be obtained at the low fiber orientation of 0° and the poor surface occurs at the large fiber orientation of 135°. Moreover, the effect of interphase and the fiber volume fraction in representative volume element were further investigated. The results show that the cutting forces increase with increasing the fiber volume fraction as well as the interphase volume fraction, and the interphase affects the cutting force in the transverse direction is significantly higher than that in longitudinal direction.

The Effect of the Chopped Fibers on the Damping Characteristics of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Skins of the Polypropylene Honeycomb Sandwich Panel

2014 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
P. Nagasankar ◽  
S. Balasivanandha Prabu ◽  
Velmurugan Ramachandran ◽  
R. Paskaramoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Damping Characteristics ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Honeycomb Sandwich ◽  
Half Power

The dynamic characteristics of fiber reinforced polymer skins with the alternate arrangement of continuous and chopped fibers on the polypropylene honeycomb core are investigated. It is envisaged that the damping could be improved by splitting the length of fiber into different short lengths so that more energy can be dissipated. The dynamic characteristics of FRP specimens with different forms of fibers were studied. The fibers were considered in the following five groups:, all continuous fibers, alternate arrangement of continuous and two chopped fibers, the same with three chopped fibers, four chopped fibers, and the five chopped fibers in. The natural frequencies and damping loss factors were evaluated by using the impulse technique with the half power band width method. The results revealed that for a given fiber volume fraction the damping could be improved by reducing the length of fibers.

On the static and dynamic properties of fiber-reinforced polymer composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1560-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Yang Gao ◽  
Jian Zhang Xiao ◽  
Liang Chi Zhang ◽  
Ying Lin Ke
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Phase Model ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Matrix

This article establishes a reliable constitutive model to describe the behaviors of fiber-reinforced polymer composites under quasi-static and dynamic loading. This model integrates the contributions of all the three phases of a composite: the fiber, the matrix, and the fiber/matrix interphase, which make it capable of capturing the key micromechanical effect of the interphase on the macroscopic mechanical properties of composites. The interphase is taken as a transversely isotropic material together with the fiber. By analyzing glass/epoxy and carbon/epoxy composites, it was found that the model predictions agree well with the experimental data and the model is more effective particularly when the fiber volume fraction is high. The dynamic three-phase model was also established by using the coupling of the elastic and Maxwell elements for the viscoelasticity of the matrix as well as the interphase. The article concludes that the three-phase model with consideration of the interphase influence can precisely characterize the static and dynamic mechanical properties of a FRP composite.

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