scholarly journals Photoperiod Sometimes Influences Common Bacterial Blight Disease of Common Beans

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed F. Mohamed ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Short Photoperiod ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
High Level

Common bacterial blight, incited by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye (Xcp), is a serious disease of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Three experiments were conducted twice in growth chambers at 26 ± 1C under short (10 hours light/14 hours dark) and long (16 hours light/8 hours dark) photoperiods to determine the influence of these photoperiods, flower bud removal, pod development, and pre- and post-inoculation photoperiods on the reaction of common beans to Xcp. In one test, `PC-50' (susceptible; S) flowered earlier and was more susceptible to Xcp under the short photoperiod than under the long photoperiod. BAC-6 (resistant; R) flowered at the same time under both photoperiods but developed rapid leaf chlorosis (RLC) (hypersensitive reaction) under long photoperiods. Flowering and disease reactions to Xcp by XAN-159 (R) were similar under both photoperiods. In a second test, daily removal of flower buds of `PC-50' decreased its susceptibility to Xcp under the short photoperiod. RLC of inoculated leaves of BAC-6 occurred during flowering and pod development under both photoperiods. XAN-159 expressed a high level of resistance to Xcp but showed RLC at later pod development stages. In a third test, the disease reaction of `PC-50' was affected by the particular photoperiod applied post-inoculation but was not influenced by the photoperiod applied before inoculation with Xcp. The implications of these results in breeding beans for resistance to Xcp are discussed.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight in Tepary Beans

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 839F-840
Author(s):  
A. Dursun ◽  
D.P. Coyne ◽  
M.F. Mohamed ◽  
G. Jung
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Transgressive Segregation ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Dominant Genes

Common bacterial blight, incited by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp), is a serious disease of common beans [Phaseolus vulgaris (P. v.)]. Some tepary beans (P. acutifolius) are resistant (R) to Xcp and used to breed P. v. with R to Xcp. The objective was to determine the inheritance of the reaction to different strains of Xcp in crosses between susceptible (S) and R tepary lines. The parents, F2, and F3 populations from six tepary crosses involving 3 R × S, 1 R × moderately (M) R, and 2 R × R were inoculated with Xcp strains EK-11, LB-2, and SC-4A. Different single dominant genes controlled the reaction to different Xcp isolates in R × S crosses. Coupling linkage was detected between the genes controlling the reactions to each of the Xcp strains in the crosses NE #4B(s) × NE #19(R) and NE #4B(S) × CIAT-640005(R), except for NE #8A(MR) × NE #4B(S) with strains EK-11 and LB-2 and EK-11 and SC-4A. Transgressive segregation for S was observed in the F2 and F3 NE #8A × NE #8B(R), indicating that the parents possessed different genes for R. No segregation for reactions occurred n the F2 NE #8B × NE #19 and NE #19 × CIAT-640005, indicating that these parents possessed the same genes for R to the three strains.

scholarly journals A Radiation-induced Mutant with Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight Disease in Common Beans

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed F. Mohamed ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
Paul E. Read
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Bacterial Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Induced Mutant

The leaf reaction of the Phaseolus vulgaris L. germplasm—UNECA (M6 mutant derived from the cultivar Chimbolito, Costa Rica), `Chimbolito', BAC-6 (Brazil), XAN-159 (Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Cali, Colombia), and `PC-50' (Domican Republic)—to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli strain V4S1 (Dominican Republic) were determined in two replicated trials conducted in a greenhouse in Lincoln, Neb. (Feb.–Mar. and July–Aug. 1993). `PC-50' and `Chimbolito' were susceptible to Xcp strain V4S1 in both tests. UNECA, BAC-6, and XAN-159 had similar levels of resistance to Xcp in the July to August trial. However, in the February to March trial, the resistance of UNECA was greater than that of BAC-6 but less than that of XAN-159.

scholarly journals Coinoculation Effects of the Pathogens Causing Common Bacterial Blight, Rust, and Bean Common Mosaic in Phaseolus vulgaris

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Z. Zaiter ◽  
D.P. Coyne ◽  
J.R. Steadman
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Screening For Resistance ◽  
Prior Infection

Ten dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars/lines with differential reactions to rust were used in growth chamber experiments to determine rust [Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var. appendiculutus, (U a)], and common bacterial blight Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (E.F. Sm.) Dews. (X c p)] reactions on leaves when coinoculated with both pathogens. The X c p-U a necrosis symptoms were very different from those caused by X c p alone. Depending on the level of host susceptibility to rust, the X c p reaction remained confined within the rust pustule or spread beyond the pustule area, causing a necrosis of the entire leaf. Prior infection of bean seedlings with bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), NY-15 strain, reduced rust pustule size, but did not affect the reaction to X c p. Screening with X c p and BCMV can be done at the same time during the early vegetative stage, but the interactions of U a with X c p and of BCMV with U a need to be considered in screening for resistance.

scholarly journals Field Reaction of Landrace Components of Red Mottled Beans to Common Bacterial Blight

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Beaver ◽  
James R. Steadman ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Field Reaction ◽  
The Mean

Field reaction of 25 red mottled bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to common bacterial blight [Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye] was evaluated in Puerto Rico over 2 years. The average disease severity (percent leaf area with symptoms) was similar over years. The determinate red mottled genotypes had almost twice as much disease as indeterminate genotypes. Eight of the indeterminate genotypes had significantly less disease than the mean of the field experiments. These genotypes may serve as useful sources of resistance to common bacterial blight. The size of the chlorotic zone around necrotic lesions varied between growing seasons, showing that environment can influence the expression of common bacterial blight symptoms.

Gene Estimation, Associations of Traits, and Confirmation of QTL for Common Bacterial Blight Resistance in Common Bean

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 499e-499
Author(s):  
Soon O. Park ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
Geunhwa Jung
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Total Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Population ◽  
Serious Disease

Common bacterial blight, incited by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp), is a serious disease of common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Gene estimation, associations of traits, and confirmation of QTL for resistance to Xcp were investigated in a recombinant inbred population derived from the backcross BC2F6 PC-50 (susceptible to Xcp) × XAN-159 (resistant to Xcp). One or two genes from XAN-159 controlled leaf resistance to Xcp. One major gene from XAN-159 was involved in controlling pod resistance to Xcp. Low (+0.24) to intermediate (+0.57 and +0.75) Pearson correlations were observed between leaf and pod reactions to Xcp. Purple flower color was associated with leaf and pod resistance to Xcp but not days to flower. One to 2 QTLs explained from 20 to 51% of the total phenotypic variation for leaf reactions to 5 Xcp strains. Two QTLs explained from 20 to 22% of the total phenotypic variation for pod reactions to Xcp strains EK-11 and DR-7. A marker BC437.1050 was associated with leaf and pod resistance to 5 Xcp strains in nearly all experiments, and accounted for 13% to 45% of the phenotypic variation for these traits. A unassigned marker D13.1000 was associated with only pod resistance to Xcp strains EK-11 and DR-7. Gene number (1 or 2) estimations and number of QTL (1 or 2) detected for resistance to Xcp generally agree. The confirmed marker BC437.1050 is expected to be useful in breeding programs for resistance to Xcp.

scholarly journals Detection and quantification of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and its variant fuscans in common bean seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norimar D'Ávila Denardin ◽  
Vanessa Andréia Agostini
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Overnight Incubation ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
The Common

The common bacterial blight of common beans (CBCF), a disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli var. fuscans (Xapf), significantly reduces grain yield and seed quality. Because this bacterium is mainly disseminated through infected seeds, efficient detection of Xap and Xapf is important to assure the productivity and quality of the crop. In this study, various techniques that included different extraction techniques (two different incubation times, with and without centrifugation) and five culture media (Kado 523, GYCA, MXP, NSA, and PTSA) were tested for the detection of the seed-borne inoculum, using three different seed samples. Overnight incubation of the seeds, followed by centrifugation and incubation in Kado 523 resulted in higher extraction of Xap and Xapf. The best extraction technique was overnight incubation followed by centrifugation, and the best medium was PTSA. Among the tested culture media, PTSA provided better identification and counting of the bacterial colonies, thus allowing the quantification of the seed infection levels.

scholarly journals Confirmation of Molecular Markers and Flower Color Associated with QTL for Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight in Common Beans

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon O. Park ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
Nedim Mutlu ◽  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
James R. Steadman
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
Leaf Resistance ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Serious Disease

Common bacterial blight, incited by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp) is a serious disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and flower color (V gene) previously were reported to be associated with six quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting leaf and pod resistance to Xcp. However, the markers for the QTL were not confirmed in different populations and environments to indicate their merit in breeding. The objective was to determine if the associations of RAPD markers and the V gene with QTL for leaf and pod resistance to Xcp in a recombinant inbred (RI) backcross population from the cross BC2F6 `PC-50' × XAN-159 and for leaf resistance to Xcp in an F2 population from a different cross pinto `Chase' × XAN-159 could be confirmed. One or two genes from XAN-159 controlled leaf and pod resistance to Xcp. Among six QTL previously detected, five in the RI backcross population and three in the F2 population were confirmed to be associated with resistance to Xcp. The V gene and RAPD marker BC437.1050 on linkage group 5 were most consistently associated with leaf and pod resistance to two to five Xcp strains in the RI backcross population and with leaf resistance to two Xcp strains in the F2 population. One to three QTL affecting leaf and pod resistance to Xcp accounted for 22% to 61% of the phenotypic variation. Gene number (one to two) estimations and number of QTL (one to three) detected for leaf and pod resistance to Xcp in the RI backcross population were generally in agreement. The marker BC437.1050 and V gene, along with other resistance genes from other germplasm, could be utilized to pyramid the different genes into a susceptible or partially resistant bean line or cultivar to enhance the level of resistance to Xcp.

scholarly journals Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight of Bean Introgressed from Phaseolus coccineus

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Welsh ◽  
K.F. Grafton
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Disease Reaction

Common bacterial blight, incited by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye, is a major bacterial disease of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Resistance to common bacterial blight has been identified in other Phaseolus species and resistance genes have been introgressed into P. vulgaris. The objective of this study was to characterize in dry bean the inheritance pattern of common bacterial blight-resistance genes derived from P. coccineus. Two common, bacterial blight-susceptible, dry bean cultivars were crossed with different common, bacterial blight-resistant dry bean lines with resistance derived from P. coccineus. F2 progeny were inoculated with Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli strain F19-W and were scored for disease reaction. The ratio of resistant to susceptible plants for F2 populations did not differ significantly from a 1 resistant: 3 susceptible ratio. The F3 segregation was obtained for only one cross and did not differ significantly from a 1 resistant: 2 heterozygous: 1 susceptible ratio, suggesting that the resistance introgressed from P. coccineus into dry bean was controlled by one recessive gene. Additionally, the range of symptom expression within the susceptible class provided evidence of other genes modifying the expression of resistance.

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