Analysis of the Molecular Diversity of Common Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli and X. campestris pv. phaseoli var. fuscansi) Strains from Ethiopia Revealed by Rep-PCR Genomic Fingerprinting

Ten dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars/lines with differential reactions to rust were used in growth chamber experiments to determine rust [Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var. appendiculutus, (U a)], and common bacterial blight Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (E.F. Sm.) Dews. (X c p)] reactions on leaves when coinoculated with both pathogens. The X c p-U a necrosis symptoms were very different from those caused by X c p alone. Depending on the level of host susceptibility to rust, the X c p reaction remained confined within the rust pustule or spread beyond the pustule area, causing a necrosis of the entire leaf. Prior infection of bean seedlings with bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), NY-15 strain, reduced rust pustule size, but did not affect the reaction to X c p. Screening with X c p and BCMV can be done at the same time during the early vegetative stage, but the interactions of U a with X c p and of BCMV with U a need to be considered in screening for resistance.

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Field Reaction of Landrace Components of Red Mottled Beans to Common Bacterial Blight

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.1.50 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 50-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

James S. Beaver ◽

James R. Steadman ◽

Dermot P. Coyne

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Field Reaction ◽

The Mean

Field reaction of 25 red mottled bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to common bacterial blight [Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye] was evaluated in Puerto Rico over 2 years. The average disease severity (percent leaf area with symptoms) was similar over years. The determinate red mottled genotypes had almost twice as much disease as indeterminate genotypes. Eight of the indeterminate genotypes had significantly less disease than the mean of the field experiments. These genotypes may serve as useful sources of resistance to common bacterial blight. The size of the chlorotic zone around necrotic lesions varied between growing seasons, showing that environment can influence the expression of common bacterial blight symptoms.

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Gene Estimation, Associations of Traits, and Confirmation of QTL for Common Bacterial Blight Resistance in Common Bean

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.499e ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 499e-499

Author(s):

Soon O. Park ◽

Dermot P. Coyne ◽

Geunhwa Jung

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Phenotypic Variation ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Major Gene ◽

Flower Color ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Total Phenotypic Variation ◽

Recombinant Inbred Population ◽

Serious Disease

Common bacterial blight, incited by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp), is a serious disease of common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Gene estimation, associations of traits, and confirmation of QTL for resistance to Xcp were investigated in a recombinant inbred population derived from the backcross BC2F6 PC-50 (susceptible to Xcp) × XAN-159 (resistant to Xcp). One or two genes from XAN-159 controlled leaf resistance to Xcp. One major gene from XAN-159 was involved in controlling pod resistance to Xcp. Low (+0.24) to intermediate (+0.57 and +0.75) Pearson correlations were observed between leaf and pod reactions to Xcp. Purple flower color was associated with leaf and pod resistance to Xcp but not days to flower. One to 2 QTLs explained from 20 to 51% of the total phenotypic variation for leaf reactions to 5 Xcp strains. Two QTLs explained from 20 to 22% of the total phenotypic variation for pod reactions to Xcp strains EK-11 and DR-7. A marker BC437.1050 was associated with leaf and pod resistance to 5 Xcp strains in nearly all experiments, and accounted for 13% to 45% of the phenotypic variation for these traits. A unassigned marker D13.1000 was associated with only pod resistance to Xcp strains EK-11 and DR-7. Gene number (1 or 2) estimations and number of QTL (1 or 2) detected for resistance to Xcp generally agree. The confirmed marker BC437.1050 is expected to be useful in breeding programs for resistance to Xcp.

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Confirmation of Molecular Markers and Flower Color Associated with QTL for Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight in Common Beans

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.124.5.519 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 124 (5) ◽

pp. 519-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Soon O. Park ◽

Dermot P. Coyne ◽

Nedim Mutlu ◽

Geunhwa Jung ◽

James R. Steadman

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Rapd Marker ◽

Flower Color ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Backcross Population ◽

Leaf Resistance ◽

Group 5 ◽

Serious Disease

Common bacterial blight, incited by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp) is a serious disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and flower color (V gene) previously were reported to be associated with six quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting leaf and pod resistance to Xcp. However, the markers for the QTL were not confirmed in different populations and environments to indicate their merit in breeding. The objective was to determine if the associations of RAPD markers and the V gene with QTL for leaf and pod resistance to Xcp in a recombinant inbred (RI) backcross population from the cross BC2F6 `PC-50' × XAN-159 and for leaf resistance to Xcp in an F2 population from a different cross pinto `Chase' × XAN-159 could be confirmed. One or two genes from XAN-159 controlled leaf and pod resistance to Xcp. Among six QTL previously detected, five in the RI backcross population and three in the F2 population were confirmed to be associated with resistance to Xcp. The V gene and RAPD marker BC437.1050 on linkage group 5 were most consistently associated with leaf and pod resistance to two to five Xcp strains in the RI backcross population and with leaf resistance to two Xcp strains in the F2 population. One to three QTL affecting leaf and pod resistance to Xcp accounted for 22% to 61% of the phenotypic variation. Gene number (one to two) estimations and number of QTL (one to three) detected for leaf and pod resistance to Xcp in the RI backcross population were generally in agreement. The marker BC437.1050 and V gene, along with other resistance genes from other germplasm, could be utilized to pyramid the different genes into a susceptible or partially resistant bean line or cultivar to enhance the level of resistance to Xcp.

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Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight of Bean Introgressed from Phaseolus coccineus

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.36.4.750 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 750-751 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M.M. Welsh ◽

K.F. Grafton

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Recessive Gene ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Symptom Expression ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽

Dry Bean ◽

Disease Reaction

Common bacterial blight, incited by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye, is a major bacterial disease of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Resistance to common bacterial blight has been identified in other Phaseolus species and resistance genes have been introgressed into P. vulgaris. The objective of this study was to characterize in dry bean the inheritance pattern of common bacterial blight-resistance genes derived from P. coccineus. Two common, bacterial blight-susceptible, dry bean cultivars were crossed with different common, bacterial blight-resistant dry bean lines with resistance derived from P. coccineus. F2 progeny were inoculated with Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli strain F19-W and were scored for disease reaction. The ratio of resistant to susceptible plants for F2 populations did not differ significantly from a 1 resistant: 3 susceptible ratio. The F3 segregation was obtained for only one cross and did not differ significantly from a 1 resistant: 2 heterozygous: 1 susceptible ratio, suggesting that the resistance introgressed from P. coccineus into dry bean was controlled by one recessive gene. Additionally, the range of symptom expression within the susceptible class provided evidence of other genes modifying the expression of resistance.

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Selecting for Common Bacterial Blight Resistance in Common Bean: Effects of Multiple Leaf Inoculation and Detached Pod Inoculation Test

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.123.5.864 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 123 (5) ◽

pp. 864-867 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H.M. Ariyarathne ◽

D.P. Coyne ◽

A.K. Vidaver ◽

K.M. Eskridge

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Heritability Estimate ◽

Accurate Estimate ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Plant Organs ◽

Disease Reaction ◽

Split Plot ◽

Similar Disease

Breeding for resistance is an important strategy to manage common bacterial blight disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (E. Smith) Dye (Xep) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). It is necessary to determine if prior inoculation of the first trifoliolate leaf with Xcp influences subsequent reactions in other plant organs by increasing or decreasing resistance to Xcp. It is difficult to get an accurate estimate of heritability of disease reaction in pods since environment greatly affects the heritability estimate if flowering occurs over extended time periods. Thus, the disease reaction in attached pods versus detached pods was compared. A split-split plot design with two replications (growth chambers as blocks) was used, with bean lines as the whole-plot factors, Xcp strains as subplot factors, and bacterial inoculation treatments for leaf reactions or pod treatments as split-split plot factors. The first trifoliolate leaves, later developed leaves, and attached and detached pods were inoculated. No effects of prior inoculation on the disease reactions of subsequently inoculated leaves and pods were observed, indicating that the different plant organs can be inoculated at different times. The fact that detached and attached pods showed similar disease symptoms would suggest use of the former to reduce environment variance and improve heritability estimates of resistance.

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Specific Genomic Regions in Common Bean Condition Resistance to Multiple Pathogens

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.451e ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 451E-451

Author(s):

Phillip N. Miklas ◽

Valerie Stone ◽

Carlos A. Urrea ◽

James S. Beaver

Keyword(s):

Linkage Group ◽

Common Bean ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Major Effect ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Stem Blight ◽

Genomic Regions

A genetic linkage map of 170 RAPD markers mapped across 79 recombinant inbred lines (Dorado and XAN-176) reveal genomic regions that condition multiple disease resistance to fungal (Ashy Stem Blight—Macrophomina phaseolina), viral (bean golden mosaic virus—BGMV), and bacterial (common bacterial blight—Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli) pathogens of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). A genomic site on linkage group US-1 had a major effect, explaining 18%, 34%, and 40% of the variation in phenotypic reaction to ashy stem blight, BGMV, and common bacterial blight disease, respectively. Adjacent to this region was a QTL conditioning 23% of the variation in reaction to another fungal pathogen, web blight (Thanatephorus cucumeris). A second genomic site on linkage group US-1 had minor affect on multiple resistance expression to the same fungal (15%), viral (15%), and bacterial (10%) pathogens. It is unknown whether these specific genomic regions represent a series of linked QTL affecting resistance to each disease separately or an individual locus with pleiotropic effect against all three pathogens.

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072 Backcross Breeding with RAPD Molecular Markers to Enhance Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight in Pinto Beans

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.3.453e ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 453E-453

Author(s):

N. Mutlu ◽

D.P. Coyne ◽

S.O. Park ◽

J.R. Steadman

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Coat Color ◽

Flower Color ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Breeding Method ◽

Backcross Breeding ◽

Moderate Resistance

Common bacterial blight (CBB) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp), reduces bean yields and quality throughout the world. Pinto `Chase' is a high-yielding variety with moderate resistance to Xcp derived from great northern Nebraska #1 selection 27, whose resistance is derived from an unknown tepary (P. acutifolius) bean source. XAN-159 is a black mottled small seeded breeding line with different genes for high resistance to Xcp derived from a different tepary source (PI 319443). Our objective was to pyramid different genes for Xcp resistance from the donor parent XAN-159 into the rust-resistant recurrent parent Pinto `Chase' using the classical back-cross breeding method with confirmation of resistance using RAPD molecular markers. Resistance was confirmed in some BC2F2 generation plants. Seven RAPD markers and the V locus (flower color) previously identified were confirmed in the BC1 and BC2 populations. Smaller seed size, purple flower color, and black mottled seed coat color were coinherited with resistance to Xcp. However, a recombinant plant with enhanced CBB resistance and moderate-sized pinto seed was identified. Backcross breeding is being continued.

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Inheritance of Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight in Four Tepary Bean Lines

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.124.1.24 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 124 (1) ◽

pp. 24-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Carlos A. Urrea ◽

Phillip N. Miklas ◽

James S. Beaver

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Dominant Gene ◽

Minor Effect ◽

Inheritance Of Resistance ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Tepary Bean ◽

Multiple Resistance Genes ◽

Dominant Genes ◽

Effect Gene

High levels of resistance to common bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye (Xcp) have been observed for tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray var. latifolius Freeman). However, the inheritance of resistance from this source is unknown for many lines. The inheritance of common bacterial blight resistance was studied in four tepary bean lines crossed with the susceptible tepary bean MEX-114. Progenies were inoculated with a single Xcp strain 484a. Segregation ratios in the F2 generation suggested that resistance in Neb-T-6-s and PI 321637-s was governed by one dominant gene, and Neb T-8a-s had two dominant genes with complementary effects. These hypotheses for inheritance of resistance were supported by various combinations of F1, F3, BC1Pn segregation data in all lines except PI 321637-s where an additional minor-effect gene with recessive inheritance was indicated. Generation means analyses corroborated that multiple resistance genes were present in PI 321638-s. Lack of segregation for susceptibility among testcrosses for allelism between Neb-T-6-s/PI 321637-s, Neb-T-6-s/Neb-T-8a-s, PI 321637-s/Neb-T-8a-s, and PI 321637-s/PI 321638-s, suggested that one or more loci conditioning resistance to common bacterial blight were in common across the four tepary lines.

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Identification of RAPD Markers Linked to Major Genes for Common Bacterial Blight (CBB) Resistance Using Bulked Segregant Analysis in a Tepary Bean Cross

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.623d ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 623d-623

Author(s):

S.O. Park ◽

A. Dursun ◽

D.P. Coyne ◽

G. Jung

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Tepary Bean ◽

Major Genes ◽

Bulked Dna ◽

Important Disease

Common bacterial blight (CBB), incited by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Xcp), an important disease in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Tepary bean (P. acutifolius A. Gray) is of interest to bean breeders because of resistance to CBB. Our objective was to identify RAPD markers linked to major genes for CBB resistance using bulked segregant analysis in an F2 population from a tepary bean cross CIAT640005 (R) X Nebr#4B (S). A total of 57 RAPD primers (602 RAPD primers screened) showed polymorphisms between bulked DNA derived from R and S CBB plants. All markers showed coupling linkage with CBB resistance. A good fit to a 3:1 ratio of bands for presence and absence using 11 RAPD primers was observed in 77 F2 plants. Markers of U-15 and L-7 primers were 2.4 cM distant from the gene for resistance to Xcp strain LB-2. RAPD markers of U-10, U-20, S-12, Y-4, F-13, P-6, Q-1, and Q-ll primers were 2.4 cM distant from the gene for resistance to Xcp strain SC-4A. RAPD markers of IJ-15 and L-7 primers were 8.4 cM distant from the gene for resistance to Xcp strain EKl l. The tepary RAPD linkage group includes three molecular markers and three genes for resistance to Xcp strains EK-l l, LB-2, and SC-4A and spans a length of 19.2 cM. This data supports the presence of Xcp races.

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