scholarly journals 615 Colored Shade Nets can Manipulate the Vegetative Growth and Flowering Behavior of Ornamental Plants

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 503C-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Oren-Shamir ◽  
E.E. Gussakovsky ◽  
E. Shpiegel ◽  
E. Matan ◽  
I. Dory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Short Side ◽  
Agricultural Performance ◽  
Ruscus Hypoglossum ◽  
Stimulation Of

Many green-decorative branches (“Greens”) and cut flowers are commercially grown under shade nets, for both the reduction of the natural intercepted sunlight as well as physical protection. The most commonly used are black nets, which do not affect the visible light spectrum. In the work presented here we have studied the effects of shade nets of varying optical properties on the vegetative and flowering responses of ornamental plants, searching for nets that will specifically induce a desired behavior, thus gaining benefits in addition to the mere shading. Nets of different transmittance spectra, light scattering, reflectance and thermal properties are being studied for their effect on the vegetative growth of several Greens: Pittosporum variegatum, Ruscus hypoglossum, and Leather-leaf fern. The knitting density of all nets has been adjusted to have the same percent shading in the PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) range of the spectrum for all nets investigated. Experiments were carried out in commercial plots. Data were collected for microclimate, physiological and horticultural parameters. The main results obtained so far: i) pronounced stimulation of the vegetative growth under the Red net; ii) dwarfing by the Blue net; iii) the Grey net markedly enhanced branching, yielding “bushy” plants with short side branches; iv) the reflective, thermal net (Aluminet®) enhanced side, long branching (in Pittosporum). Recently we have applied a similar approach to cut flowers such as Lupinus luteus, Lisianthus eustoma, and Dubium ornitugalum, and obtained dramatic effects of some of the nets on both the vegetative development and flowering behavior. The results to be presented, suggest that sophistication of the use of shade nets can lead to better agricultural performance.

scholarly journals Growth, Development, and Chemical Constituents of Edible Ice Plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) Produced under Combinations of Light-emitting Diode Lights

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thitipat Weeplian ◽  
Tsair-Bor Yen ◽  
Yunn-Shy Ho
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Mesembryanthemum Crystallinum ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Early Growth Stage ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Late Growth

To investigate the effects of light treatments on the growth morphology and chemical constituents of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. plants, red (R), blue (B), far red (Fr), and white (W) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were configured to provide different combinations of light spectra and photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs). In Expt. 1, five light spectra of red/white (RW), red/white/far red (RWFr), red/white/high-intensity far red (RWFrD), red/blue (RB), and red/blue/far red (RBFr) were set up in two 3-layered racks with circulating hydroponic systems. In each light spectrum treatment, the distance between the LED lamps and the transplanting board was regulated to provide low PPFD and high PPFD treatments. In Expt. 2, the effect of Fr was further investigated in plants in the early and late growth stages. RWFr light was modified by covering the Fr lamps to become red/white without far red (RW−Fr) light during the early growth stage, and then removing the covers to provide the Fr spectrum red/white with far red (RW+Fr) during the later growth stage. This study suggested that high PPFD was not beneficial for promoting plant growth in any light spectrum treatment. Among light spectrum treatments at a PPFD of 215 ± 15 μmol·m−2·s−1, RW light produced higher vegetative growth. In the late growth stage, RW and RB combined with Fr light promoted reproductive growth, antioxidant activities, and secondary compounds, such as phenolic compounds, pinitol accumulation, and betacyanins. Therefore, RW (227 μmol·m−2·s−1), RW−Fr (162 μmol·m−2·s−1), and RB (162 μmol·m−2·s−1) are suggested for the early growth stage to promote vegetative growth. Then additional Fr light can be applied in addition to RW for secondary metabolite induction in the late growth stage.

Response of soya beans to planting date in south-eastern Queensland. II.* Vegetative and reproductive development

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 723 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Lawn ◽  
DE Byth
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Seed Yields

Vegetative and reproductive development of a range of soya bean cultivars was studied over a series of planting dates in both hill plots and row culture at Redland Bay, Qld. Responses in the extent of vegetative and reproductive development were related to changes in the phasic developmental patterns. The duration and extent of vegetative development for the various cultivar-planting date combinations were closely associated with the length of the period from planting to the cessation of flowering. Thus, vegetative growth was greatest for those planting dates which resulted in a delay in flowering and/or extended the flowering phase. Similarly, genetic lateness of maturity among cultivars was associated with more extensive vegetative development. Seed yield per unit area increased within each cultivar as the length of the growing period was extended until sufficient vegetative growth occurred to allow the formation of closed canopies under the particular agronomic conditions imposed. Further increases in the length of the period of vegetative growth failed to increase seed yield, and in some cases seed yields were actually reduced. Biological efficiency of seed production (BE) was negatively correlated with the length of the vegetative growth period. Differences in BE among cultivar-planting date combinations were large. It is suggested that maximization of seed yield will necessitate an optimum compromise between the degree of vegetative development and BE. Optimum plant arrangement will therefore vary, depending on the particular cultivar-planting date combination. ___________________ \*Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 24: 67 (1973).

scholarly journals MASTER GARDENER PERCEPTION OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORNAMENTAL PLANTS

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 503B-503
Author(s):  
William Klingeman ◽  
Charles Hall ◽  
Beth Babbit
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Master Gardener ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Green Industry ◽  
Gm Foods ◽  
Gm Plants ◽  
Gm Plant

Though genetically modified (GM) ornamental cut flowers are already available commercially, U.S. academics and Green Industry growers have not assessed consumer perception about GM ornamental plants for landscape use. Because we must make inferences from studies of GM foods, we risk misunderstanding and alienating stakeholders and clients. If we misjudge the end-user, we jeopardize the market for future GM ornamental plant introductions. To address this gap, we surveyed Tennessee Master Gardener Volunteers in 2004. Respondents (n = 607) revealed that concern and belief about GM ornamental plants parallel U.S. expectation about GM foods. Average Master Gardener volunteer responses predict that GM ornamental plants would provide only slight benefits to both the environment and human health once used in the landscape. Compared with non-GM plants, GM ornamental plants are expected to be about the same or less invasive in the landscape. While all types of GM ornamental plants were expected to provide slight benefits, plant types were perceived differently with male respondents expecting perennials to yield the most environmental benefits and females indicating grasses and turf. Men and women also differed in their relative acceptance of GM ornamental plants, if genes were added from different types of organisms to achieve a genetic transformation of an ornamental shrub. Our results suggest that academic outreach and Green Industry marketing to promote new GM plant products should emphasize attributes of benefit, rather than GM transformation processes. Regardless, about 73% of TN Master Gardener respondents reported interest in buying GM ornamental plants if sold commercially, but the majority advocated a requirement for GM plant product labeling at point-of-sale.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variation in the Postharvest Performance and Ethylene Sensitivity of Cut Rose Flowers

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 790-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Macnish ◽  
Ria T. Leonard ◽  
Ana Maria Borda ◽  
Terril A. Nell
Keyword(s):  
Natural Variation ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Ethylene Sensitivity ◽  
Duration Of Protection

Natural variation in the postharvest quality and longevity of ornamental plants can often be related to differences in their response to ethylene. In the present study, we determined the postharvest performance and ethylene sensitivity of cut flowers from 38 cultivated Hybrid Tea rose genotypes. The vase life of the cultivars varied considerably from 4.5 to 18.8 days at 21 °C. There was also substantial variation in the degree of flower opening among genotypes. Exposure to 1 μL·L−1 ethylene for 24 h at 21 °C reduced the longevity of 27 cultivars by 0.8 to 8.4 days (18% to 47%) by accelerating petal wilting and abscission. Ethylene treatment also significantly reduced rates of flower opening in 17 sensitive cultivars and in six cultivars that showed no ethylene-related reduction in vase life. Five cultivars showed no reduction in vase life or flower opening in response to ethylene exposure. Pre-treating stems with 0.2 mm silver thiosulfate liquid or 0.9 μL·L−1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) gas for 16 h at 2 °C reduced the deleterious effects of ethylene. The release of 1-MCP from two sachets containing EthylBloc™ into individual shipping boxes also protected flowers against ethylene applied immediately after a 6-d commercial shipment. The duration of protection afforded by the 1-MCP sachet treatment was greatest when flowers were maintained at low temperature.

scholarly journals Analisis Kebutuhan Air dan Finansial Tanaman Krisan (Chrysanthemum Sp.) dengan Metode Guludan dan Pot

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
I Gede Ngurah Salpatira Widayana ◽  
I Wayan Tika ◽  
I Made Anom S. Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRAK Bunga krisan (Chrysanthemum sp.) merupakan salah satu tanaman hias yang diproduksi sebagai bunga potong. Budidaya bunga krisan biasanya menggunakan metode  di guludan, namun saat ini sudah berkembang budidaya krisan menggunakan metode pot. Berkembangnya dua metode budidaya mengakibatkan adanya perbedaan kebutuhan air tanaman dan finansial pada masing-masing metode. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk menganalisis kebutuhan air tanaman dan kelayakan finansial dari masing-masing metode. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) menentukan perbedaan tingkat kebutuhan air pada budidaya bunga krisan menggunakan metode guludan  dan metode pot, dan (2) menganalisis kelayakan finansial budidaya tanaman krisan dengan kedua metode tersebut. Perlakuan penelitian ini adalah : Budidaya bunga krisan dengan metode guludan dan budidaya bunga krisan dengan metode pot. Pada masing-masing metode dianalisis kebutuhan air tanaman (ETc) dan kelayakan finansialnya. Analisis kelayakan finansial yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah NPV, IRR dan BCR. Total kebutuhan air tanaman krisan dengan metode guludan dan pot masing-masing adalah 1056,72 ml/tanaman dan 866,64 ml/ tanaman, sedangkan rata-rata kebutuhan air harian masing-masing 19,57 ml/hari, dan 16,05 ml/hari. Hasil kelayakan finansial dari penelitian ini adalah NPV pada metode guludan sebanyak Rp. 5.687.537,35 lebih kecil dari metode pot yang bernilai Rp. 12.627.709,99. IRR dari metode guludan dengan persentase 15% lebih kecil dari metode pot yang persentasenya 18%. Analisis BCR dari metode guludan memperoleh hasil sebesar 1,51 yang mana lebih kecil dari metode pot yang memperoleh hasil sebesar 1,63. Walaupun kedua metode budidaya bunga krisan dikatakan layak, namun metode pot lebih menguntungakan  dari pada metode guludan dari segi finansial.   Kata kunci : kebutuhan air tanaman, analisis finansial, krisan. ABSTRACT   Chrysanthemum flower (Chrysanthemum sp.)  are one of the ornamental plants produced as cut flowers. Chrysanthemum cultivation usually uses the bund method, but nowadays chrysanthemum cultivation has develoved using the pot method. The development of two methods of cultivation resulted in differences in the plant water requirements and financial in each methods. Therefore it is necessary to conduct research to analyze the plant water requirement and the financial feasibility of each method. The purpose of this research are to : (1) determine the difference of water requirement level on the cultivation of chrysanthemum flower using the method of bund and pot, and (2) analyze the finance feasibility on cultivation of chrysanthemum flower with both methods. The treatment of this research are : cultivation of chrysanthemum flower with bund method and cultivation of chrysanthemum flower with pot method. In each method analyzed plant water requirements (ETc) and financial feasibility. The analysis of financial feasibility used in this research is NPV, IRR and BCR.  Total requirement of chrysanthemum flower water with bund and pot method are 1056,72 ml/plant and 866,64 ml/plant, while the average daily water requirement is 19,57 ml/day, and 16,05 ml/day. The financial feasibility result of this are NPV on bund method as much as Rp. 5.687.537,35 is smaller than the pot method which is worth Rp. 12.627.709,99. IRR from the bund method with percentage 15% smaller than pot method with the percentage of 18%. The BCR analysis of the bund method yields 1.51 which is smaller than the pot method which yields 1.63. although both methods of chrysanthemum flower cultivation are said to be feasible, but the pot method is more advantageous than the method of bunds in financial terms. Keywords : plant water requirement, finansial analize, chrysanthemum flower.

scholarly journals Post-harvesting of cut flowers and ornamental plants

2019 ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Farias Menegaes ◽  
Ubirajara Russi Nunes ◽  
Rogério Antonio Bellé ◽  
Fernanda Alice Antonello Londero Backes
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Postharvest Handling ◽  
Post Harvesting ◽  
Final Consumer

The preservation of floral stems aims to prolong durability, maintain quality and reduce losses after harvesting, leading to a longer shelf life and commercialization of these products. In that there is a storage period, especially, of cut plants relatively short between seven and 15 days, this being one of the most important stages of the floricultural sector, ensuring the maintenance of the balance of the distribution market to the final consumer. The high perishability of the floral stems requires specific pre- and postharvest handling contributing positively to its conservation. In cut plants, such as the floral stems, there is an intensification of the physiological processes to maintain its metabolism right after harvest, when the plant leaves the plant and discontinues the supply of water and nutrients, resulting in the acceleration of its senescence. Thus, the understanding of the metabolism of the conservation of the floral stems gives the producer and the consumer products without changes in their aesthetic and qualitative aspect. Thus, the objective of the present study was to carry out a review of the post-harvest literature on cut flowers and ornamental plants, including pre- and post-harvest factors, solutions and preservative components.

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