‘lucía myrtea®’ and ‘victoria myrtea®’: Two New Japanese Plum Cultivars with Low Chilling Requirements, Early Ripening, and High-quality Fruit for the Fresh Market

Scab caused by the pathogen Venturia inaequalis is considered the most important fungal disease of cultivated apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.). In all, 16 monogenic resistances against scab have been found in different Malus spp. and some of them are currently used in apple breeding for scab-resistant cultivars. However, the self incompatibility and the long generation time of Malus spp. together with the high standards of fruit quality demanded from the fresh market render the breeding of high-quality cultivars in apple a long and expensive task. Therefore, the cloning of disease resistance genes and the use of the cloned genes for the transformation of high-quality apple cultivars could be an approach to solve these drawbacks. We report the construction of a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) contig spanning the Rvi15 (Vr2) apple scab resistance locus using two GMAL 2473 BAC libraries. A single BAC clone of the contig was sufficient to span the resistance locus. The BAC clone was completely sequenced, allowing identification of a sequence of 48.6 kb going from the two closest markers (ARGH17 and 77G20RP) bracketing Rvi15 (Vr2). Analysis of the 48.6-kb sequence revealed the presence of three putative genes characterized by a Toll and mammalian interleukin-1 receptor protein nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat structure. All three genes were found to be transcribed.

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Storage of Fresh Yam (Dioscorea alata L.) under Controlled Conditions

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v56i1.10886 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 46-56

Author(s):

M. A. González ◽

A. Collazo de Rivera

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Storage Period ◽

Dioscorea Alata ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Fresh Market ◽

High Quality ◽

Dormant Period ◽

Weight Losses ◽

Tropical Areas ◽

Very High

Freshly harvested "Florido" yam tubers (a highly desirable variety of the species D. alata) were subjected to a temperature of around 32° C. (90° F.) and a relative humidity of 90 percent. Wounded tissues were suberized in about 4 days. This curing may be accomplished either in controlled environmental rooms or under tropical prevailing ambient conditions. The formation of the cork tissue during suberization protects tubers from infection by microorganisms if stored under reduced temperatures. Cured and uncured tubers were stored in a properly ventilated Forma Scientific room at 16° C. ± 1° (59° to 62.9° F.), and a relative humidity of 70 percent. Uncured samples suffered high losses due to physiological breakdown as well as markedly higher weight losses than similarly handled cured ones which showed no signs of internal decay during the storage period. Cured tubers kept under conditions noted above, at temperatures below those prevailing in tropical areas, had the dormant period lengthened by 4 additional months. High-quality tubers can be provided by this means for the fresh market and for processing during the off-season. Although the yam tubers hardened slightly during storage, weight losses were kept at a fairly low level and the palatability of the tubers remained very high, as determined by sensory evaluation.

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GENETIC DIVERSITY OF CITRUS PLANTS BY SELECTION SIGNIFICANT CHARACTERISTICS

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2020/3/47-51 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 47-51

Author(s):

R. V. Kulyan

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Pollen Fertility ◽

Extreme Conditions ◽

High Quality ◽

Early Maturity ◽

High Pollen ◽

Group A ◽

Early Ripening ◽

Citrus Reticulate

This article analyzes the main collection samples of citrus crops, identified forms according to selection characteristics for using existing biodiversity in selective work. In FGBNY VNIIiSK saved collection of citrus (Rutaceae, Aurantioideae, Citrus reticulate, C. limon, C. sinensis, C. paradise, C. maxima, C. medica, C. aurantium, C. junos, C. ichangensis, Genus Fortunella, Genus Poncirus) in the amount of 138 hybrids.Success in creating new forms depends on the presence of a variety of sources of economically valuable characteristics. Recommended in hybridization to include the best sources that have a combination of positive features. For the tangerine group, these are Izeki Wase, Kowano-Wase, Miyagawa Wase, Ochi Wase, September, Jubilee, Glory to Vavilova, Millennium 1, with short stature, early ripeness, early maturity, productivity and high quality of fruits. Sources of winter hardiness and productivity: Sochi 23, Iveria, Unshiu Shirokolistny, hybrid 3252. For the lemon group, a complex of positive characteristics has Lunario, Lisbon, Italian, Dioscuria. In order to create new frost-resistant semi-deciduous hybrids, which can be grown in extreme conditions, was used one of the components of the hybridization: P. trifoliata, C. ×insitorum, C. ichangensis, С. × сitrangeqwat. Сomplex sources of large-fruited, high quality fruits, productivity, pollen fertility are. C. maxima: Natsu mikan and C. sinensis Valensia, which is recommended as paternal forms for the creation of inter-specific hybrids. From all the hybrid type of citrus, which can be used as pollinators to create new combined forms, can be used C. aurantiifolia, C. × meyeri, C. × microcarpa, C. × limonelloides, which have such characteristics as early ripening, stunting, early maturity, and high pollen fertility. Remontancy and high vitality of pollen have C. bergamia, C. medica, C. insitorum, C. restaurantium, C. myrtifolia, and C. × junos.

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Heritability and Patterns of Inheritance of the Ripening Date of Apples

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.2.325 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 325-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Stephen J. Tancred ◽

Aldo G. Zeppa ◽

Mark Cooper ◽

Joanne K. Stringer

Keyword(s):

Normal Family ◽

Harvest Date ◽

High Quality ◽

Major Objective ◽

Components Of Variance ◽

Genetic Components ◽

Harvest Dates ◽

Early Ripening ◽

Best Linear Unbiased ◽

The Mean

A major objective of the apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) breeding program in Stanthorpe, Australia, is to develop early ripening, high-quality cultivars. The heritability and inheritance of ripening date was investigated. Regression of offspring on midparent harvest dates and estimation of best linear unbiased predictions for parents were used to demonstrate that apple harvest date is highly heritable. Predominantly, additive genetic components of variance are responsible for the variation. Despite the existence of some specific combining ability variance and some non-normal family distributions, the best strategy for a breeder to predict the harvest date of progeny is to calculate the mean harvest date of parents.

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Characterization of grape cultivars for processing and fresh market production in a subtropical área

Agronomy Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.33158/asb.2017v3i2p88 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 88

Author(s):

Sergio Ruffo Roberto ◽

Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽

Fábio Yamashita ◽

Alessandro Jefferson Sato ◽

Bruno da Silva Jubileu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Cabernet Sauvignon ◽

Cycle Duration ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Subtropical Area ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Market Production ◽

Early Ripening ◽

Grape Cultivars

The aim of this research was to diversify the grape production system, currently based on table grapes, in the subtropical region of Parana state, Brazil, through the introduction of cultivars for processing and fresh market production. A field trial was carried out in an experimental vineyard of 'Isabel' and 'Jacquez' American grapes, as well as 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'Tannat' European grapes, located in the city of Maringá. Two cycles were evaluated (2003/2004 and 2004/2005 seasons). The phenological development of grape cultivars and the thermal demand (degree day - DD) were characterized in order to determine means to predict harvest. The physicochemical characteristics of berries and clusters were determined from early ripening to harvest. In the 2003/2004 season, the cycle duration of 'Isabel', 'Jacquez', 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'Tannat', as well their thermal demand were: 127, 126, 126 and 139 days, and 1,238, 1,287, 1,221 and 1,382 DD, respectively. In the 2004/2005 season, the means were: 135, 149, 132 and 139 days, and 1,308, 1,454, 1,295 and 1,375 DD, respectively. The production per plant and yield in 2003/2004 were: 3.0, 14.2, 3.2 and 12.9 kg per plant and 7.5, 35.5, 5.3 and 21.4 t ha-1, respectively, whereas in 2004/2005 the means were: 9.9, 15.4, 9.9 and 6.0 kg per plant, and 24.9, 38.5, 24.9 and 15.9 t ha-1, respectively. Based on these results, it is possible to conclude that the American and European grape cultivars evaluated present good adaptation and have high potential to be grown in the subtropical area of Parana state.

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Ripening of Montecristo Bananas

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v53i4.11143 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 274-283

Author(s):

F. Sánchez Nieva ◽

I. Hernández ◽

C. Bueso de Viñas

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

Fresh Market ◽

High Quality ◽

Percent Relative Humidity ◽

Pulp Temperature ◽

Refrigeration Capacity ◽

Room Volume

Studies were conducted to determine the optimum conditions under which to ripen the Montecristo bananas grown in Puerto Rico to obtain fruit of high quality for the fresh market and for processing. When harvested at a thin grade like "three-quarters" the fruit generally ripens unevenly or may not ripen at all. The fruit must be harvested at a more developed stage like "light three-quarters" or "full three-quarters". The following ripening treatment gave the best results: The fruit is placed in the ripening room as soon after harvest as possible. The room controls are set to 68° F. and 95 percent relative humidity, and the fruit cooled to a pulp temperature of 68° F., which, in a room with adequate refrigeration capacity, takes about 12 to 24 hours. Two dosages of ethylene at the rate of 1 cubic foot per 1,000 cubic feet of room volume are applied within a period of 2 hours keeping the room tightly closed. The next day after the ethylene application, the room is ventilated for about 15 minutes, after turning, the temperature is lowered to 66° F. and 85 percent relative humidity, ventilating every day as previously indicated until cutting color is reached. The fruit ripens to color 4 in about 6 days. Higher ripening temperatures resulted in excessive finger drop after the fruit was removed from the ripening rooms. The ripening behavior of the bananas was found to vary with the time of the year when harvested and with the geographical zone in which they were produced. Fruit produced on the Southern Coast of Puerto Rico ripened uniformly the year around, while fruit produced in the Mountainous Area was more difficult to ripen, particularly during the winter months. Data are given on the changes in carbohydrates, moisture, acidity, and pH, which take place during ripening of the Montecristo bananas.

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Annapolis and Cornwallis strawberries

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps91-133 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 933-936

Author(s):

D. L. Craig ◽

A. R. Jamieson ◽

K. A. Sanford ◽

N. L. Nickerson

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Root Rot ◽

Fragaria Ananassa ◽

Fruit Breeding ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Short Day ◽

Early Ripening ◽

Phytophthora Fragariae ◽

Red Stele

Annapolis and Cornwallis are short-day, fresh market strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars with resistance to red stele root rot caused by Phytophthora fragariae Hickman. Annapolis, which produces large fruit, is early ripening. Cornwallis, which ripens in the early to mid-season, may have some processing applications. Key words: Fragaria × ananassa, fruit breeding, Phytophthora fragariae

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(23) High Tunnels for High Latitude Snap Bean Production

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1074c ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 1074C-1074

Author(s):

Heidi Rader ◽

Meriam Karlsson

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Production Environment ◽

Fresh Market ◽

High Quality ◽

Snap Bean ◽

High Tunnel ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Tunnels ◽

Soil Temperatures

Two snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars, `Provider' and `Concesa', were planted successionally in a high tunnel in Fairbanks, Alaska (64°49'N and 147°52'W), from late May to late July. For the entire growing season, air/soil temperatures averaged 1.7 °C/1.1 °C higher in the tunnel than the field. The temperature differential was, however, largely dependent on amount of high tunnel ventilation. With tunnel ends not yet erected in May, the air temperature difference averaged 0.5 °C while in September the difference was 2.5 °C in the enclosed tunnel. On average, both cultivars flowered 4 days earlier in the tunnel compared to the contiguous open field. `Provider' had high overall yields with no significant difference between the tunnel and the field, although the tunnel did offer protection from an early frost. `Provider' produced an average of 3454 g·m-2 in the tunnel and 2860 g·m-2 in the field. Average yields of `Concesa' inside the tunnel were significantly greater (P < 0.01), with 1719 g·m-2 compared to 756 g·m-2 in the open field. `Provider' pods were larger in diameter and more fibrous than `Concesa' pods, which we concluded were of improved quality with higher soluble solids content (°Brix refractometer readings). High tunnels could be an important way to provide an advantageous production environment for high quality cultivars without sacrificing the reliability of cold-tolerant cultivars. To consistently produce high quality snap beans to meet local Alaska fresh market demands, cultivars suited for high tunnel production need to be identified.

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