Response of Soil and Irrigated Fruit Trees to Fertigation or Broadcast Application of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium

Traditionally, broadcast or foliar fertilizer applications have been used to improve or sustain the nutrition of many irrigated, deciduous fruit tree orchards in western North America. Recent developments, including adoption of low-pressure microirrigation systems and planting at higher densities [especially for apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)], have increased interest in controlled application of fertilizers directly with irrigation (fertigation). Recent fertigation research in western North America is reviewed, emphasizing results from high-density apple orchards. Fertigation and traditional broadcast application methods are examined with respect to mobility of N, P, and K in the soil and response of fruit trees to application of these nutrients.

Download Full-text

Effect of Fertigation and Ground Application on Nutrient Movement and Tree Response in Western Soils

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.556b ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 556B-556

Author(s):

G.H. Neilsen ◽

D. Neilsen ◽

F. Peryea

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Environmental Concerns ◽

Western North America ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Deciduous Fruit ◽

Micro Irrigation ◽

Fruit Orchards ◽

Inadequate Nutrition ◽

Irrigation Waters

Traditionally, broadcast or foliar fertilizer applications sufficed to improve the nutrition of many irrigated, deciduous fruit orchards in western North America. Recent developments, including adoption of low-pressure, micro-irrigation systems and planting at higher densities (especially for apples), have increased interest in controlled application of fertilizers directly with irrigation waters (fertigation). The possibility of using fertigation to synchronize fertilizer application and plant nutrient uptake seems attractive as environmental concerns to minimize leaching of nutrients (especially N) to groundwater increase. Recent fertigation research in western North America will be reviewed and compared to traditional fertilizer application methods to assess the potential of fertigation to overcome inadequate nutrition. Emphasis will be placed on the use of soil solution monitoring to assess changes in soil NPK status. Tree response will be illustrated by studies in high-density orchards where N, P, K, Ca, B, or Zn have been fertigated.

Download Full-text

Main soil nutrients dynamics in sod-dressing intercropped orchard

Horticulture and viticulture ◽

10.31676/0235-2591-2021-6-45-50 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

A. G. Gurin ◽

S. V. Rezvyakova ◽

N. Yu. Revin

Keyword(s):

Soil Nutrients ◽

Active Substance ◽

Red Clover ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Growing Period ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Bare Fallow ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

The study aimed to estimate seasonal dynamics of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium under the influence of sod grasses in a sod-dressing intercropped orchard. The trial was conducted in a Welsey apple 1987-year orchard. Trees were planted at 8×6 m, cultivar seedlings used as rootstock. Red clover and meadow timothy in variant shares were used for interrow sodding. The cereal—legume intercropping was done in 2015, preceded by a 180 kg/ha active substance phosphorus-potassium dressing in reserve. Nitrogen was applied annually prior to growing season at 34.4 kg/ha active substance. Grass biomass in first hay cutting was the highest and comprised 45.3-49.9 % total mass. A total four cuttings dry mass was 3.36-7.10 t/ha depending on scheme. The maximum biomass was registered for the schemes with red clover and meadow timothy at ratios 1:1 and 7:3 (6.52 and 7.10 t/ha). In the growing period, grass depleted soil for 111.1—219.9 kg/ha nitrogen, 21.5-42.7 kg/ha phosphorus and 209.3—380.8 kg/ha potassium. Such consumptions suggest a serious competition for soil nutrients between grass vegetation and fruit trees. The available phosphorus and potassium content was independent of interrow dressing schemes. Inter-scheme differences did not exceed experimental bias due to presowing phosphorus and potassium application in reserve before trial. By first cutting, the nitrate nitrogen soil content in sodding schemes was 1.5-2-fold less vs. bare fallow, i.e. more nitrogen is used by vegetating grass, and its available forms recover slower than being consumed.

Download Full-text

Taeniothrips inconsequens. [Distribution map].

Distribution Maps of Plant Pests ◽

10.1079/dmpp/20056600504 ◽

1989 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

British Columbia ◽

North America ◽

South America ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Deciduous Fruit ◽

New Distribution ◽

Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel) Thysanoptera Thripidae Pear thrips. Attacks deciduous fruit trees, pear, apple, cherry, maple, plum, peach. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, England, France, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Yugoslavia, USSR, Ukraine, AFRICA, Morocco, ASIA, Japan, Korea, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec, USA, California, Connecticut, Indiana, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil.

Download Full-text