scholarly journals Effect of Glomus fasciculatum on the Growth of Asparagus and the Incidence of Fusarium Root Rot

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Wacker ◽  
Gene R. Safir ◽  
Christine T. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Glomus Fasciculatum ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot

Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) seedlings inoculated with the sicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxt. sensu Gerd.) Gerd. & Trappe (GF) d Fusarium oxysporum (Schlect.) Snyd. & Hans. (FO) were grown under field and greenhouse conditions. In the fi, shoot volumes of GF-inoculated plants were greater than nonGF plants from the 3rd through the 13th month of growth. By the 14th month, GF-inoculated plants grown in high-P soils had significantly lower disease ratings than nonGF plants grown in low-P soils, and rhizosphere populations of FO were lowest in high-P soils, regardless of VAM status. In greenhouse studies, FO inoculation of VAM-infected asparagus plants reduced GF root colonization levels under well-watered (0 MPa), but not under water stress, conditions (- 1.5 MPa). Well-watered plants inoculated with both FO and GF were less diseased and sustained lower rhizosphere populations of FO than plants inoculated with FO alone. The differences in FO populations and disease ratings in these studies were apparently unrelated to final plant tissue P levels.

scholarly journals The Effect of Trichoderma harzianum and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae on Fusarium Root Rot in Asparagus

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Arriola ◽  
Mary K. Hausbeck ◽  
John Rogers ◽  
Gene R. Safir
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Shoot Mass

Commercially available biocontrol agents Trichoderma harzianum Rifai and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith were tested for their efficacy in controlling fusarium root rot in potted asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) seedlings. High and low concentrations of Fusarium oxysporum (Schlect.) emend. Snyd. & Hans. f. sp. asparagi Cohen & Heald (FOA) were combined with G. intraradices and/or T. harzianum treatments. In both experiments included in this study, T. harzianum and G. intraradices alone and in combination effectively reduced root rot caused by FOA when asparagus seedlings were grown in low levels of FOA-infested medium. When seedlings were grown in high levels of FOA-infested medium, the combination of T. harzianum + G. intraradices significantly increased dry shoot mass and limited root rot compared to the control.

scholarly journals Effect of Biochar Amendments on Mycorrhizal Associations and Fusarium Crown and Root Rot of Asparagus in Replant Soils

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 960-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wade H. Elmer ◽  
Joseph J. Pignatello
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
First Year ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Mycorrhizal Associations ◽  
Crown And Root Rot

Pyrolyzed biomass waste, commonly called biochar, has attracted interest as a soil amendment. A commercial prototype biochar produced by fast pyrolysis of hardwood dust was examined in soils to determine if it could reduce the damaging effect of allelopathy on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) root colonization and on Fusarium crown and root rot of asparagus. In greenhouse studies, biochar added at 1.5 and 3.0% (wt/wt) to asparagus field soil caused proportional increases in root weights and linear reductions in the percentage of root lesions caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. asparagi and F. proliferatum compared with a control. Concomitant with these effects was a 100% increase in root colonization by AM fungi at the 3.0% rate. Addition of aromatic acids (cinnamic, coumaric, and ferulic) that are known allelopathic agents affecting asparagus reduced AM colonization but the deleterious effects were not observed following the application of biochar at the higher rate. When dried, ground, asparagus root and crown tissues infested with Fusarium spp. were added to soilless potting mix at 0, 1, or 5 g/liter of potting mix and then planted with asparagus, there was a decrease in asparagus root weight and increase in disease at 1 g/liter of potting mix but results were inconsistent at the higher residue rate. However, when biochar was added at 35 g/liter of potting mix (roughly 10%, vol/vol), these adverse effects on root weight and disease were equal to the nontreated controls. A small demonstration was conducted in field microplots. Those plots amended with biochar (3.5% [wt/wt] soil) produced asparagus plants with more AM colonization in the first year of growth but, in the subsequent year, biochar-treated plants were reduced in size, possibly due to greater than average precipitation and the ability of biochar to retain moisture that, in turn, may have created conditions conducive to root rot. These studies provide evidence that biochar may be useful in overcoming the deleterious effects of allelopathic residues in replant soils on asparagus.

scholarly journals Tolerance to Fusarium Root Rot and Changes in Antioxidative Ability in Mycorrhizal Asparagus Plants

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Shamim Mohammad Nahiyan ◽  
Yoh-ichi Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Disease Tolerance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Antioxidative Ability

Tolerance to fusarium root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. asparagi (Foa, MAFF305556 and N9-31) and the changes in antioxidative abilities in mycorrhizal asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L., cv. Welcome) plants were investigated. Asparagus plants were inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF, Glomus sp. R10) and Foa was inoculated 10 weeks after AMF inoculation. AMF plants accumulated higher dry weight of ferns and roots than non-AMF plants before and after Foa inoculation. AMF colonization level reached more than 70% and no difference noted among the treatments. As for disease tolerance, non-AMF plants showed 100% in incidence of root rot and highest severity in both Foa isolates; the severity of symptom was relatively higher in MAFF305556 compared with N9-31. However, AMF plants showed lower severity than non-AMF plants in both Foa isolates. Before and after Foa inoculation, antioxidative abilities increased in most of the AMF plants than non-AMF in the following items: activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and total contents of polyphenol and ascorbic acids. These results suggest that plant growth enhancement and tolerance to fusarium root rot appeared in mycorrhizal asparagus plants. In this case, the disease tolerance might be associated with the increase in antioxidative ability.

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