Process Evaluation of Biodiesel Production from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) Oil Enhanced by Ionic Liquid + NaOH Catalyst and Microwave Heating System

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) is a typical Indonesian plant. Its seed contains abundant inedible oil, and therefore it is potential for biodiesel feedstock. The current issues of biodiesel are longer reaction time of oil to biodiesel through transesterification reaction and lower biodiesel yield due to ineffective use of a homogenous catalyst. This work was aimed to use an ionic liquid as a catalyst and equipped with microwave heating as the heating system in order to increase the biodiesel yield and accelerate the process. Effects of the catalyst concentration and power of microwave irradiation to the biodiesel yield were studied. The ionic liquid of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (BMIMHSO4) was used as a catalyst. The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield was achieved of 92.81% which was catalyzed by IL0.5NaOH0.5 (0.5 wt.% (BMIMHSO4) + 0.5 wt.% NaOH) with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9, a reaction time of 6 minutes, and the microwave temperature was 60 °C. Copyright © 2017 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 21st November 2016; Revised: 7th March 2017; Accepted: 9th March 2017How to Cite: Handayani, P.A., Abdullah, A., Hadiyanto, H. (2017). Biodiesel Production from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) Oil using Ionic Liquid as A Catalyst and Microwave Heating System. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12 (2): 293-298 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.2.807.293-298)Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.12.2.807.293-298

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Biodiesel production assisted by 4-allyl-4-methylmorpholin-4-ium bromine ionic liquid and a microwave heating system

Applied Thermal Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.08.038 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 570-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yuan-Chung Lin ◽

Po-Ming Yang ◽

Shang-Cyuan Chen ◽

Yao-Ting Tu ◽

Jia-Fang Lin

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Microwave Heating ◽

Heating System ◽

Biodiesel Production

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ESTERIFICATION OF NYAMPLUNG (Calophyllum inophyllum) OIL WITH IONIC LIQUID CATALYST OF BMIMHSO4 AND MICROWAVES-ASSISTED

Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan ◽

10.15294/jbat.v7i1.11407 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 59-63

Author(s):

Prima Astuti Handayani ◽

Ria Wulansarie ◽

Paisal Husaen ◽

Isna Mardya Ulfayanti

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Free Fatty Acid ◽

Catalyst Concentration ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Esterification Reaction ◽

High Catalytic Activity ◽

Calophyllum Inophyllum ◽

Calophyllum Inophyllum Oil

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) oil contains high free fatty acid (FFA) that is 21.62%. Nyamplung oil can be utilized as raw material for biodiesel production. Microwave is a method of heating that is used intensively to speed up the production process. Ionic liquid has high catalytic activity, high selectivity, can be recycled and environmentally friendly. This study learned about the esterification of nyamplung oil with ionic liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate (BMIMHSO4) as catalyst and microwave-assisted. The purpose of this study is to obtain optimum condition of esterification process, with free fatty acid concentration (FFA) <2%. This study uses raw materials of nyamplung oil, methanol and BMIMHSO4 as catalyst. Equipment used in study was batch reactor equipped with temperature sensor with microwave heating system. The research variables studied were reaction temperature (50-70oC), molar ratio oil to methanol (1:30-1:60) and catalyst concentration (5-17.5%). The result of esterification reaction was analyzed by FFA (free fatty acid) content using titration analysis. The best free fatty acid (FFA) result was 1.92%, with molar ratio of oil to methanol was 1:40, catalyst concentration was 15% by weight and at 60oC for 120 min. The esterification of nyamplung oil meets the criteria as biodiesel feedstock.

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