Whole-Plant Responses to Water Deficits: Carbon Assimilation and Utilization

2015 ◽  
pp. 319-330
Author(s):  
Daniel. R. Krieg
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Whole Plant

Whole-Plant Responses to Drought

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
ED Schulze
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
Stomatal Functioning

The partitioning of carbon and interactions which cause limitations on gas exchange and growth under conditions of a limited supply of water and nutrients are discussed. Possible mechanisms of effects of air humidity on stomatal functioning and carbon assimilation are described. Also, it is shown that stomata respond to a signal from the root when the soil dries out prior to leaf wilting. Stomatal conductance determines canopy transpiration if the aerodynamic boundary layer resistance is low, such as in trees. Water shortage significantly affects extension growth and the root-shoot ratio at the whole- plant level. But experiments with xylem-tapping mistletoes show that stem growth can also be promoted by the presence of the mistletoe even when there is no apparent signal from the subtending shoot except the flow in the stem xylem. It appears that the internal plant water status may not affect gas exchange and carbon partitioning unless the plant fails to maintain a flow of water through the leaf epidermis and root tip.

scholarly journals Contributions of cryptochromes and phototropins to stomatal opening through the day

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
T. Matthew Robson ◽  
Jorge J. Casal ◽  
Alexey Shapiguzov ◽  
Pedro J. Aphalo
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Effective Quantum Yield ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Carbon Assimilation Rate ◽  
Psii Photochemistry ◽  
Changing Roles ◽  
Time Courses

The UV-A/blue photoreceptors phototropins and cryptochromes are both known to contribute to stomatal opening (Δgs) in blue light. However, their relative contributions to the maintenance of gs in blue light through the whole photoperiod remain unknown. To elucidate this question, Arabidopsis phot1 phot2 and cry1 cry2 mutants (MTs) and their respective wild types (WTs) were irradiated with 200 μmolm–2s–1 of blue-, green- or red-light (BL, GL or RL) throughout a 11-h photoperiod. Stomatal conductance (gs) was higher under BL than under RL or GL. Under RL, gs was not affected by either of the photoreceptor mutations, but under GL gs was slightly lower in cry1 cry2 than its WT. Under BL, the presence of phototropins was essential for rapid stomatal opening at the beginning of the photoperiod, and maximal stomatal opening beyond 3 h of irradiation required both phototropins and cryptochromes. Time courses of whole-plant net carbon assimilation rate (Anet) and the effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII) were consistent with an Anet-independent contribution of BL on gs both in phot1 phot2 and cry1 cry2 mutants. The changing roles of phototropins and cryptochromes through the day may allow more flexible coordination between gs and Anet.

scholarly journals A meta‐analysis of plant responses to light intensity for 70 traits ranging from molecules to whole plant performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 1073-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Poorter ◽  
Ülo Niinemets ◽  
Nikolaos Ntagkas ◽  
Alrun Siebenkäs ◽  
Maarit Mäenpää ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Whole Plant

Cellular and whole plant responses ofVigna radiata to NaCl stress

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gulati ◽  
P. K. Jaiwal
Keyword(s):  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Whole Plant

Effect of NaCl on the Growth of Whole Plants and Their Corresponding Callus Cultures

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Smith ◽  
JA Mccomb
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Salt Glands ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Nutrient Solution Culture ◽  
Whole Plants

The effect of NaCl on growth was examined for whole plants and callus cultures of a salt-sensitive glycophyte (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a salt-tolerant glycophyte (Beta vulgaris L.) and two halophytes (Atriplex undulata D. Dietr., which has salt glands, and Suaeda australis (R. Br.) Moq., a succulent). Whole plants were grown in nutrient solution culture at NaCl concentrations of 0.1-250 mM. Callus cultures were initiated from the same seed stock, and similar saline regimes were imposed. Whole plant responses were characteristic for the various types of plants: P. vulgaris showed a decrease in growth with increasing salinity; B. vulgaris showed a slight increase in growth at the intermediate salt level and a decrease at higher levels; A. undulata and S. australis showed well defined growth optima at 62.5 mM and 125 mM NaCl, respectively. Callus cultures of P. vulgaris and the two halophytes grew very poorly when salinity was increased. Callus of B. vulgaris showed the same tolerance to salt as did the whole plants. Thus salt tolerance of the halophytes depends on the anatomical and physiological complexity of the intact plant while callus from B. vulgaris appears to have a mechanism(s) of salt tolerance which operates at the cellular level.

Whole-Plant Responses to Salinity

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Munns ◽  
A Termaat
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Short Term Exposure

This paper discusses whole-plant responses to salinity in order to answer the question of what process limits growth of non-halophytes in saline soils. Leaf growth is more sensitive to salinity than root growth, so we focus on the process or processes that might limit leaf expansion. Effects of short-term exposure (days) are considered separately from long-term exposure (weeks to years). The answer in the short term is probably the water status of the root and we suggest that a message from the root is regulating leaf expansion. The answer to what limits growth in the long term may be the maximum salt concentration tolerated by the fully expanded leaves of the shoot; if the rate of leaf death approaches the rate of new leaf expansion, the photosynthetic area will eventually become too low to support continued growth.

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