Species Succession and Turf Quality of Tall Fescue and Kentucky Bluegrass Mixtures as Affected By Mowing Height

Crop Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1220-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Macolino ◽  
Guido Pignata ◽  
Maurizio Giolo ◽  
Michael D. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Species Succession ◽  
Turf Quality

Tolerance of Tall Fescue and Kentucky Bluegrass to Chlorsulfuron Under Field Conditions

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Maloy ◽  
Nick E. Christians
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Turfgrass Quality ◽  
Severe Growth

Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensisL. ‘Parade’, ‘Adelphi’, ‘Glade’, and ‘Rugby’ # POAPR) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceaSchreb. ‘Kentucky 31’ # FESAR) were treated in field experiments with chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide}. The objectives of the two experiments were to determine if this herbicide has the potential to be used for selective control of tall fescue in Kentucky bluegrass turf. Chlorsulfuron treatments included single rates of 0, 18, 35, 71, 141, 212, and 282 g ai/ha and split rates, applied 14 days apart, of 18 + 18, 35 + 35, 71 + 71, 141 + 141, and 212 + 212 g/ha. Clipping weights and turfgrass quality ratings were taken in both experiments. Kentucky bluegrass showed a higher tolerance to the chemical, with no decrease in turf quality at the highest single and split application rates in both experiments. However, as the chlorsulfuron rate increased, clipping weight decreased. Tall fescue showed a low tolerance to the chemical and was controlled at single rates of 141 g/ha and split rates of 141 + 141 g/ha and greater. Although the tall fescue recovered from damage at single rates of 71 g/ha and split rates of 71 + 71 g/ha, severe growth inhibition and discoloration of aboveground tissue occurred at the lower rates. Twelve months after the first chlorsulfuron was applied in each experiment, glyphosate [isopropylamine salt ofN-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] was sprayed over the plots to kill all existing plant material, and Kentucky bluegrass was seeded into the plots 2 weeks later at the rate of 0.75 kg/100 m2. There was no inhibition of bluegrass seed germination at any of the rates of chlorsulfuron.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF A SOIL-INCORPORATED HYDROGEL ON IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS AND QUALITY OF TRANSPLANTED SOD

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1109f-1109
Author(s):  
Anthony Koski
Keyword(s):  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Irrigation Requirements

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of soil-incorporated hydrogel to reduce irrigation requirements of transplanted Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) sod. The treatments included an untilled control, tilled soil, and tilled soil with incorporated hydrogel. Initial irrigation treatment were made daily, at various percentages of potential evapotraspiration (PET), to determine irrigation requirements of newly transplanted sod. Other irrigation treatments were later imposed on transplanted sod which had been established at 100% of PET, to determine irrigation requirements of established sod. Turf quality was measured weekly, and sod transplant rooting strength was also measured.

Turf Quality of Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars and Energy Relations 1

1984 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Mehall ◽  
R. J. Hull ◽  
C. R. Skogley
Keyword(s):  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Energy Relations

Sequential Applications of Preemergence and Postemergence Herbicides for Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Control in Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea) Turf

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Turfgrass Quality ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Herbicide Programs ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) herbicides were sequentially applied to tall fescue over a 2-yr period to determine the lowest herbicide rates needed for acceptable large crabgrass control. Prodiamine was the only PRE herbicide that provided full-season large crabgrass control in tall fescue turf. The control was 85% in plots treated at one-third recommended rate (0.3 kg/ha) and 96% at the full rate (0.8 kg/ha). Sequential applications of oxadiazon at one-third recommended rate (1.1 kg/ha) in late February followed by fenoxaprop (0.2 kg/ha) in June controlled 85% large crabgrass in late August. Control was similar in mid-August when pendimethalin, dithiopyr, or oryzalin at one-third recommended rates was followed by fenoxaprop, but was not acceptable (≤ 74%) by late August. In most instances, large crabgrass control was higher when fenoxaprop followed the PRE herbicide application than with MSMA. Reduced herbicide rates may not provide full-season large crabgrass control in other areas with different soil and weather conditions. Tall fescue quality was not affected by prodiamine, dithiopyr, and oxadiazon. In 1996, pendimethalin at 3.3 kg/ha reduced turf quality 16% and oryzalin at 2.2 kg/ha reduced quality by 46%. In 1995, MSMA reduced the quality of tall fescue more (≤ 21%) than fenoxaprop (≤ 10%). When compared to the use of PRE and POST herbicides alone, sequential PRE plus POST herbicide programs did not affect turfgrass quality.

scholarly journals Robotic Mowing of Tall Fescue at 90 mm Cutting Height: Random Trajectories vs. Systematic Trajectories

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2567
Author(s):  
Mino Sportelli ◽  
Marco Fontanelli ◽  
Michel Pirchio ◽  
Christian Frasconi ◽  
Michele Raffaelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Schedonorus Arundinaceus ◽  
The One ◽  
Cutting Height ◽  
Working Efficiency

Tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.) is often managed with a cutting height ranging from 70 to 100 mm in ornamental lawns. Some autonomous mowers have been specifically designed to maintain mowing height in the same range. Generally, autonomous mowers operate by following random trajectories, and substantial overlapping is needed to obtain full coverage of the working area. In the case of tall grass, this may cause lodging of grass plants, which in turn may reduce turf quality. The introduction of a navigation system based on systematic trajectories has the potential to improve the performances of autonomous mowers with respect to machine efficiency and turf quality. With the aim of determining the effects of reduced mowing frequency and systematic navigation systems on turf quality and mower performances in terms of working time, energy consumption and overlapping, the performances of two autonomous mowers working with random and systematic trajectories were tested on a mature tall fescue lawn at 90 mm cutting height. The working efficiency was approximately 80% for the systematic trajectories and approximately 35% for the random trajectories; this was mainly due to the lower overlapping associated with systematic trajectories. Turf quality was slightly higher for the mower working systematically (a score of 8 using a 1–9 score with 1 = poor, 6 = acceptable and 9 = best) compared to the one working randomly (quality of 7 and 6 on a 1–9 scale with 1 = poor and 9 = best). No appreciable lodging was observed in either case. For tall, managed lawns, systematic trajectories may improve autonomous mowers’ overall performances.

scholarly journals Minimum Water Requirements of Four Turfgrasses in the Transition Zone

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1740-1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinmin Fu ◽  
Jack Fry ◽  
Bingru Huang
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Rainout Shelter ◽  
Irrigation Levels

Water requirements for `Meyer' zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud., hereafter referred to as zoysia), `Midlawn' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy, hereafter referred to as bermuda], `Falcon II' tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and `Brilliant' kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L., hereafter referred to as bluegrass) were evaluated under a mobile rainout shelter at deficit irrigation levels of 20% to 100% of actual evapotranspiration (ETa), applied twice weekly, between June and September 2001 and 2002. Soil was a river-deposited silt loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Aquic Arquidolls). Minimum annual irrigation amounts required to maintain quality ranged from 244 mm for bermuda to 552 mm for bluegrass. Turfgrass species and respective irrigation levels (% of ETa) at which season-long acceptable turf quality was maintained in each year were bluegrass, 100% (evaluated 2001 only); tall fescue, 60% in 2001 and 80% in 2002; bermuda, 60% in both years; and zoysia, 80% in both years. A landscape manager who could tolerate one week of less-than-acceptable quality could have irrigated tall fescue at 40% ETa (224 mm) in 2001 and 60% ETa (359 mm) in 2002. Likewise, bermuda exhibited unacceptable quality on only one September rating date when irrigated at 40% ETa (163 mm) in 2001. Bermuda was able to tolerate a lower leaf relative water content (LRWC) and higher level of leaf electrolyte leakage (EL) compared to other grasses before quality declined to an unacceptable level.

Performance of birdsfoot trefoil, white clover, and other legume-grass mixtures under irrigation in the Intermountain West USA

2006 ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Macadam ◽  
T.C. Griggs
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Intermountain West ◽  
Bromus Riparius

Two trials were designed to provide baseline data on the productivity and quality of irrigated pastures in the Intermountain West USA. An initial clipping trial (1997- 1999) screened a number of temperate grass-legume mixtures well-adapted to the soils and climate of the Intermountain West, and a successive grazing trial (2001- 2003) evaluated a subset of these mixtures under rotational grazing. The most productive and best utilised grass in mixtures was meadow brome (Bromus riparius), followed by tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata). Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) mixtures tended to become legume-dominated (up to 44% under grazing), and were therefore high in quality but a potential bloat threat. The bloat-safe legume birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) proved to be productive, well-utilised, and as persistent as other legumes in mixtures under grazing. Keywords: grass, grazing, Intermountain West USA, legume, mixtures, pasture

Autumn‐Winter Yield and Quality of Tall Fescue 1

1977 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Ocumpaugh ◽  
A. G. Matches
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Growth, Quality, and Foliar Iron Concentration of Kentucky Bluegrass Treated with Chelated Iron Sources

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 798-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Cooper ◽  
L.A. Spokas
Keyword(s):  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Repeated Application ◽  
Iron Citrate ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Turfgrass Quality ◽  
Growth Quality ◽  
Similar Growth

Supplemental Fe fertilization to improve turfgrass quality has become an increasingly common practice on many turfgrass areas. Field studies were conducted to evaluate the nutrient uptake, growth, and quality of Kentucky bluegrass (Pea pratensis L.) treated with chelated Fe sources. Iron sources were evaluated over 2 years at 1.5,3.0, and 6.0 kg Fe/ha applied in May, July, and September of each year. Turf treated with an iron orthophosphate citrate source (Fe-PC) exhibited more foliar growth than nontreated turf on seven of 11 sampling dates during the study. Iron citrate sources [Fe-C(EI) and Fe-C(T)] and Fe-DTPA applications resulted in similar growth rates, never stimulating growth more than the Fe-PC source and rarely increasing growth compared with nontreated turf. Increasing the Fe rate within source did not typically increase growth. Iron-treated turf exhibited quality superior to nontreated turf throughout the study with all sources performing comparably. Increasing Fe rate did not result in a corresponding increase in quality, due to greater phytotoxicity at higher rates. Although several sources produced notable phytotoxicity at 6.0 kg Fe/ha, repeated application did not decrease turfgrass density. Iron tissue content increased linearly with rate on four of five sampling dates during the study however, no source resulted in tissue Fe content significantly higher than other sources. Application of sources containing supplemental P and/or K did not increase tissue P or K content. Chemical names used: iron citrate (Fe-C); iron diethvlenetriamine pentaacetate (Fe-DTPA); iron orthophosphate citrate (Fe-PC).

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