Land Use and Management Practices Impact on Plant Biomass Carbon and Soil Carbon Dioxide Emission

The objective of this paper is to formulate suitable policies and management practices that can firmly reduce CO2–C (carbon dioxide –carbon) emissions and sequester it in a sustainable way. Land use and management practices can influence both efflux and influx of carbon between soil and the atmosphere. Organic matter dynamics and nutrient cycling in the soil are closely related to nutrient immobilization and mineralization. Unplanned conversion of lands to agricultural production causes a sharp decrease in carbon stored in soil. In the atmosphere, 4.0 Gt C yr-1 is enriched by different sources. Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) improves soil health and mitigate climate change. Histosol, clayey and fine particle size have good capacity to sequestrate C in soil. Land use pattern controls organic matter status in soil. Crop/grass, forestry/agroforestry, reduced tillage, quality of organic matter, soil biotic - abiotic are the major factors to sequestrate significant C in soil. The application of fertilizers especially nitrogen usually results in an increase in crop growth as well as a corresponding increase in root development takes place for building up active organicmatter in soil. Biochar amendments can impact soil C storage and net CO2 removals from the atmosphere in three different ways such as longer residence time due to resistant to microbial decay, plant productivity and reduce N2O emission. Wetland soil, effective management practices and control deforestation sequestrate 0.2, 2.0 and 1.6 Gt C yr-1, respectively. Based on these information, it is possible to increase 4‰ carbon a year the quantity of carbon contained in soils at 0-40 cm soil depth to halt carbon dioxide enrichment (4.0 Gt C yr-1) in the atmosphere.

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Effect of tillage on soil carbon dioxide emission I. Testing a laboratory method on undisturbed soil columns

Agrokémia és Talajtan ◽

10.1556/agrokem.58.2009.2.4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 215-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eszter Tóth ◽

Csilla Farkas ◽

Sándor Koós ◽

Tamás Németh

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽

Laboratory Method ◽

Soil Columns ◽

Undisturbed Soil ◽

Soil Carbon Dioxide

Jelen cikkünkben egy olyan kísérletet mutattunk be, melyben a talaj szén-dioxid kibocsátását bolygatatlan szerkezetű nagy talajoszlopokból mértük laboratóriumi körülmények között. Az adatokat kielemeztük és a mintavétel ütemezését optimalizáltuk az adatok alapján. Nem találtunk statisztikai különbséget a 3 és 6 óra hosszan tartó inkubáció után mért emisszióértékek között. Így, az inkubáció időtartalmát 3 órára állítottuk be. A különböző talajművelési módokból [szántás (SZ); direktvetés (DV); mélylazítással kombinált tárcsázás (L+T)] származó mintákból mért emisszióértékek összehasonlítása alapján elmondható, hogy a legmagasabb CO 2 -kibocsátásokat a DV kezelésből, míg a legalacsonyabbakat a SZ kezelésből mértük. Ez a kevésbé bolygatott kezelésben a magasabb hozzáférhető szerves-C-tartalommal magyarázható. A vizsgált talajnedvesség-tartományban a kísérlet elején a talajnedvesség növekedésével emelkedő CO 2 -emisszió értékeket mértünk. A kísérlet negyedik hete után csökkenést figyeltünk meg a CO 2 -emisszió értékeiben a szabadföldi vízkapacitás körüli nedvességtartalomnál. Minden kezelésben az idő múlásával – ahogy a szubsztrátok kiürültek – az emisszióértékek egyre alacsonyabbak lettek. Eredményeink ismételten rámutatnak arra, hogy a talajban végbemenő folyamatok gyorsasága és összetettsége miatt szükséges és fontos a terepi és laboratóriumi mérések egymást kiegészítő, együttes értékelése.

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Soil Carbon Dioxide Emission in Extreme Environment of the Center of Moscow Megapolis

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-13890 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Andrey Dolgikh ◽

Dmitriy Petrov ◽

Inna Brianskaia ◽

Soryia Demina ◽

Ksenia Mahinya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Urban Forest ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Soil Carbon Dioxide ◽

Historic Center ◽

C Cycle ◽

Soil Emission

Moscow is the largest megapolis in Europe. The area of sealed areas in the center of Moscow is more than 50% (without hydrological objects). Anti-icing mixtures, car traffic, aerosols, dust, trampling - all this leads to the maximum stress of ecosystems in an urban environment Soil emission is the largest component of Gross Respiration in terrestrial ecosystems, including cities. Field measurements of emission allow estimating and comparing the state of both the underground tier and the entire ecosystem in different functional zones of a city with different types of vegetation. Soil emission is the easiest to measure, as compared to other fluxes of &#1057;-exchange. In 2019, field measurements of carbon dioxide emissions were carried out at 15 key sites (15 times, 1 per 2 weeks), which showed that in the historic center, not only the temperature at different depths of the soil, soil moisture, carbon content, particle size distribution, but also the diversity of factors combined into a group of "land use", namely: human tillage, irrigation, lawn mowing, garbage removal, sprinkling peat-compost mixture, trampling, bringing anti-icing reagents, etc., have a contrasting effect on carbon dioxide emissions from urban soils. In some cases, the emission is below the conditional background values (urban forest), in other cases, it is higher up to several times, which allows a new assessment of soils of unsealed (open) areas of the center of a megapolis as an important component of the (micro-) regional C-cycle. The data obtained allow comparing the current state of the upper part of the underground tier of urban ecosystems under the maximum anthropogenic load in the territory of a modern large city, where the share of open surfaces is minimal. The territories, where the ground layer is represented by cultivated lawn, are characterized by the maximum values of soil carbon dioxide emission.The study was supported by the Russian Research Foundation #19-77-30012 (field measurements in the periphery of Moscow) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research #18-35-20052 (field measurements in the historic center of Moscow).

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