Lois Et Normes: Les Enseignements De L'Economie Comportementale (Laws and Social Norms: Lessons of Experimental Economics)

Measuring Social Norms in Economics: Why It Is Important and How It Is Done

Analyse & Kritik ◽

10.1515/auk-2020-0012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 285-312

Author(s):

Daniele Nosenzo ◽

Luise Görges

Keyword(s):

Social Norms ◽

Experimental Economics ◽

Social Theory ◽

Human Behavior ◽

Research Projects

Abstract Experimental economics offers new tools for the measurement of social norms. In this article, we argue that these advances have the potential to promote our understanding of human behavior in fundamental ways, by expanding our knowledge beyond what we learn by simply observing human behavior. We highlight how these advancements can inform not only economic and social theory, but also policymaking.We then describe and critically assess three approaches used in economics to measure social norms. We conclude our overview with a list of recommendations to help empirical researchers choose among the different tools, depending on the nature and constraints of their research projects.

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Experimental Economics and Experimental Sociology

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Economics and Finance ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780190625979.013.462 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Johanna Gereke ◽

Klarita Gërxhani

Keyword(s):

Social Norms ◽

Experimental Economics ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Social Preferences ◽

Invisible Hand ◽

Cultural Variation ◽

Market Mechanisms ◽

Middle Range ◽

Wide Range ◽

Psychological Knowledge

Experimental economics has moved beyond the traditional focus on market mechanisms and the “invisible hand” by applying sociological and socio-psychological knowledge in the study of rationality, markets, and efficiency. This knowledge includes social preferences, social norms, and cross-cultural variation in motivations. In turn, the renewed interest in causation, social mechanisms, and middle-range theories in sociology has led to a renaissance of research employing experimental methods. This includes laboratory experiments but also a wide range of field experiments with diverse samples and settings. By focusing on a set of research topics that have proven to be of substantive interest to both disciplines—cooperation in social dilemmas, trust and trustworthiness, and social norms—this article highlights innovative interdisciplinary research that connects experimental economics with experimental sociology. Experimental economics and experimental sociology can still learn much from each other, providing economists and sociologists with an opportunity to collaborate and advance knowledge on a range of underexplored topics of interest to both disciplines.

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Inductive Metanomics: Economic Experiments in Virtual Worlds

Journal of Virtual Worlds Research ◽

10.4101/jvwr.v1i1.281 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Stephen A Atlas

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Social Norms ◽

Experimental Economics ◽

Virtual Worlds ◽

Real World ◽

Economic Experiments ◽

Robust Analysis ◽

The Real ◽

Prevailing Wage ◽

Insight Into

This research investigates the viability of gaining insights about the real world through conducting economic experiments in virtual worlds. This paper reviews the relevant metanomics literature, discusses the challenges and benefits of establishing a virtual experimental economics lab, and outlines the major issues associated with applying data collected in virtual worlds to answer questions about real-world behavior. Virtual experimental infrastructure enables a dramatically larger and more diverse sample than typical lab-based experiments studying college students, which can enable a more robust analysis within a given budget. However, while anonymity, variance in perceived social norms, and a low prevailing wage make virtual worlds a compelling place to study social and behavioral research, these features simultaneously limit induction of virtual data to provide insight into similar phenomena outside virtual worlds.

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Cooperation and obligation in early parent-child relationships

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19002474 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Ross A. Thompson

Keyword(s):

Social Norms ◽

Moral Psychology ◽

Close Relationships ◽

Social Agency ◽

Infant Survival ◽

Peer Experiences ◽

Early Experiences ◽

Early Parent ◽

Collaborative Skills ◽

Parent Child Relationships

Abstract Tomasello's moral psychology of obligation would be developmentally deepened by greater attention to early experiences of cooperation and shared social agency between parents and infants, evolved to promote infant survival. They provide a foundation for developing understanding of the mutual obligations of close relationships that contribute (alongside peer experiences) to growing collaborative skills, fairness expectations, and fidelity to social norms.

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The Structure Among Measures of Personality, Social Attitudes, Values, and Social Norms

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001.28.4.240 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 240-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Lazar Stankov

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Social Norms ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Correlation Matrix ◽

Social Attitudes ◽

Group Differences ◽

Factor Scores ◽

Ethnic Group Differences ◽

Inside Out

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a study that employed measures of personality, social attitudes, values, and social norms that have been the focus of recent research in individual differences. These measures were given to a sample of participants (N = 1,255) who were enrolled at 25 US colleges and universities. Factor analysis of the correlation matrix produced four factors. Three of these factors corresponded to the domains of Personality/Amoral Social Attitudes, Values, and Social Norms; one factor, Conservatism, cut across the domains. Cognitive ability showed negative correlation with conservatism and amoral social attitudes. The study also examined gender and ethnic group differences on factor scores. The overall interpretation of the findings is consistent with the inside-out view of human social interactions.

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Accentuating Your Masculine Side

Social Psychology ◽

10.1027/1864-9335/a000144 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 103-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Chongzeng Bi ◽

Oscar Ybarra ◽

Yufang Zhao

Keyword(s):

Social Norms ◽

Gender Role ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Western Countries ◽

Self Evaluation ◽

Two Samples ◽

Agency And Communion

Recent research investigating self-judgment has shown that people are more likely to base their evaluations of self on agency-related traits than communion-related traits. In the present research, we tested the hypothesis that agency-related traits dominate self-evaluation by expanding the purview of the fundamental dimensions to consider characteristics typically studied in the gender-role literature, but that nevertheless should be related to agency and communion. Further, we carried out these tests on two samples from China, a cultural context that, relative to many Western countries, emphasizes the interpersonal or communion dimension. Despite the differences in traits used and cultural samples studied, the findings generally supported the agency dominates self-esteem perspective, albeit with some additional findings in Study 2. The findings are discussed with regard to the influence of social norms and the types of inferences people are able to draw about themselves given such norms.

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