O Processo de Concentraaao de Renda na Formaaao de Pollticas PPblicas: uma Annlise do Papel do Fazendeiro do Caff e o Imigrante (The Income Concentration Process in the Formation of Public Policies: An Analysis of the Role of the Cofee Farmer and Immigrant)

Resumo: Neste artigo buscamos compreender o papel da participação social na construção de políticas públicas relacionadas à gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU). Fazemos isso a partir da análise do contexto de aprovação de uma lei pioneira no Brasil, que ficou conhecida como Lei da Compostagem (2019), pelo município de Florianópolis/SC. Realizamos pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva, com uma etapa documental e outra etnográfica. Primeiramente, sistematizamos um quadro histórico-político das relações da cidade com o lixo, apontando a sucessão de políticas e ações que reflete na forma como os RSU são geridos no município. Em seguida, apresentamos resultados da pesquisa etnográfica feita a partir da observação de duas sessões plenárias nas quais ocorreram as votações do Projeto de Lei 17.506/2018, conhecido como PL da Compostagem. Buscamos demonstrar a importância da participação social na aprovação dessa lei, capaz de trazer avanços significativos em relação à gestão de resíduos no município e no país.Palavras-chave: Resíduos sólidos urbanos. Compostagem. Políticas ambientais. Participação social. COMPOSTING LAW AND SOCIAL PARTICIPATION: ETHNOGRAPHY OF PUBLIC POLICIES IN FLORIANÓPOLIS / SC Abstract: This paper aims to understand the role of social participation in the construction of public policies related to municipal solid waste management (MSWM). We do this by analyzing the context of approval of a pioneering law in Brazil, which became known as the Composting Law (2019), by the municipality of Florianópolis/SC. We conducted qualitative and descriptive research, with a documentary and an ethnographic stage. Initially, we systematized a historical-political framework of the city's relationship with waste, pointing the succession of policies and actions that reflected in how the MSW are managed in the municipality. Thereafter, we present results of the ethnographic research conducted from the observation of two plenary sessions, situations in which voting of PL (Bill) 17.506/2018, known as Composting Bill, took place. We aim to demonstrate the importance of social participation in the approval of this law, capable of bringing significant advances in relation to waste management in the municipality and in the country.Keywords: Municipal solid waste. Composting. Environmental policies. Social participation.

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Mulheres negras vivendo com hiv: políticas públicas

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/1981-8963.2019.240251 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

Mônica Alice Santos da Silva ◽

Francisco Stélio De Souza ◽

Rosilene Santos Baptista ◽

Evelyn Maria Braga Quirino ◽

César De Andrade De Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Black Women ◽

Public Policies ◽

Virtual Library ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Access To Health ◽

Las Mujeres ◽

Study Type ◽

Living With Hiv

Objetivo: identificar os avanços e desafios das políticas públicas destinadas às mulheres negras vivendo com HIV. Método: trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, tipo revisão integrativa. Realizaram-se as buscas nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF, IBECS, MEDLINE e na Biblioteca Virtual SciELO. Compôs-se a amostra por 18 artigos avaliados pelo instrumento CASP e classificados de acordo com os níveis de evidência. Apresentaram-se os resultados em forma de figuras e tabela. Resultados: informa-se que, na análise das 18 publicações encontradas, 11 (61,1%) estavam na base de dados LILACS; 6 (33,3%), na Biblioteca Virtual SciELO e 1 (5,55%), na BDENF. Emergiram-se, da análise temática dos artigos, duas categorias: vulnerabilidade e o racismo institucional como fatores que dificultam o acesso aos serviços de saúde e comprometem a assistência às mulheres que vivem com HIV, sendo os fatores de preservação da epidemia nesta população. Conclusão: evidenciaram-se fragilidades no aspecto das contribuições das políticas públicas na mudança de paradigmas sociais antigos atrelados ao HIV, fato confirmado pelo papel de destaque da vulnerabilidade como protagonista da realidade vivenciada pelas mulheres negras. Descritores: Grupos Étnicos; Políticas Públicas; Mulheres; HIV; Vulnerabilidade em Saúde; Racismo; Saúde da Mulher.ABSTRACTObjective: to identify the advances and challenges of public policies aimed at black women living with HIV. Method: this is a bibliographical study, type integrative review. We searched the databases LILACS, BDENF, IBECS, MEDLINE and the SciELO Virtual Library. The sample was composed by 18 articles evaluated by the CASP instrument and classified according to the levels of evidence. Results were presented in the form of figures and tables. Results: it is reported that, in the analysis of the 18 publications found, 11 (61.1%) were in the LILACS database; 6 (33.3%), in the SciELO Virtual Library and 1 (5.55%), in the BDENF. Two categories emerged from the thematic analysis of the article: vulnerability and institutional racism as factors that hinder access to health services and compromise the care of women living with HIV, being the factors that preserve the epidemic in this population. Conclusion: weaknesses in the aspect of the contributions of public policies in the change of old social paradigms linked to HIV have been evidenced, a fact confirmed by the prominent role of vulnerability as protagonist of the reality experienced by black women. Descriptors: Ethnic Groups; Public Policy; Women; HIV; Population Vulnerable; Racism; Women´s Health.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar los avances y desafíos de las políticas públicas dirigidas a las mujeres negras que viven con el VIH. Método: se trata de un estudio bibliográfico, tipo revisión integrativa. Se realizaron busquedas en las bases de datos LILACS, BDENF, IBECS, MEDLINE y la Biblioteca Virtual SciELO. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 18 artículos evaluados por el instrumento CASP y clasificados según los niveles de evidencia. Los resultados se presentaron en forma de figuras y tablas. Resultados: se informa que, en el análisis de las 18 publicaciones encontradas, 11 (61.1%) se encontraban en la base de datos LILACS; 6 (33.3%), en la Biblioteca Virtual SciELO y 1 (5.55%), en la BDENF. Del análisis temático del artículo surgieron dos categorías: la vulnerabilidad y el racismo institucional como factores que dificultan el acceso a los servicios de salud y comprometen la atención de las mujeres que viven con el VIH, siendo los factores que preservan la epidemia en esta población. Conclusión: Se evidenciaron debilidades en el aspecto de las contribuciones de las políticas públicas, a cambio de paradigmas sociales antigos, vinculados al VIH, un hecho confirmado por el papel de destaque de la vulnerabilidad como protagonista de la realidad experimentada por las mujeres negras. Descriptores: Grupo Étnico; Políticas Públicas; Mujeres; VIH; Vulnerabilidad em Salud; Racismo; Salud de la Mujer.

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Public support for ‘soft’ versus ‘hard’ public policies: Review of the evidence

Journal of Behavioral Public Administration ◽

10.30636/jbpa.42.220 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sanchayan Banerjee ◽

Manu Savani ◽

Ganga Shreedhar

Keyword(s):

Financial Incentives ◽

Public Policies ◽

Public Support ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

Policy Instrument ◽

Future Research ◽

The Public ◽

Future Research Agenda ◽

Educational Campaigns

This article reviews the literature on public support for ‘soft’ versus ‘hard’ policy instruments for behaviour change, and the factors that drive such preferences. Soft policies typically include ‘moral suasion’ and educational campaigns, and more recently behavioural public policy approaches like nudges. Hard policy instruments, such as laws and taxes, restrict choices and alter financial incentives. In contrast to the public support evidenced for hard policy instruments during COVID-19, prior academic literature pointed to support for softer policy instruments. We investigate and synthesise the evidence on when people prefer one type of policy instrument over another. Drawing on multi-disciplinary evidence, we identify perceived effectiveness, trust, personal experience and self-interest as important determinants of policy instrument preferences, along with broader factors including the choice and country context. We further identify various gaps in our understanding that informs and organise a future research agenda around three themes. Specifically, we propose new directions for research on what drives public support for hard versus soft behavioural public policies, highlighting the value of investigating the role of individual versus contextual factors (especially the role of behavioural biases); how preferences evolve over time; and whether and how preferences spillovers across different policy domains.

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Analisis Maqasid Al-Shariah Terhadap Peran Pemerintah Kota Surabaya dalam Mewujudkan Kota Layak Anak

AL-HUKAMA ◽

10.15642/alhukama.2020.10.1.42-72 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 42-72

Author(s):

Zakiyatul Ulya

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Civil Rights ◽

Family Environment ◽

Public Policies ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Field Research ◽

City Government ◽

Institutional Strengthening ◽

Child Friendly

The research entitled: "Maqasid al-Shari'ah Analysis of the Role of the Surabaya City Government in Realizing Child Friendly Cities" is a field research that aims to answer the question how the role of the Surabaya City Government in realizing Child Friendly Cities through established public policies from the perspective of the maq??id al-shar?'ah. Research data were collected using interview and documentation techniques and then analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques with a deductive mindset. The results of the study concluded that the Surabaya City Government was very active in realizing Child Friendly Cities through the protection and fulfillment of children's rights, which was clearly seen from the existence of various public policies that were established to support institutional strengthening and fulfillment of the five Child Friendly Cities clusters.The role of the Surabaya City Government is in accordance with the concept of maqasid al-shari'ah because the determination of public policy is based on the welfare of children. This is proven by the elements of hifz al-din and hifz al-nasl in the public policy regarding civil rights and freedom, family environment, and alternative protection. In addition, there are elements of hifz al-nafs and hifz al-aql in public policies regarding institutional strengthening and the five Child Friendly Cities clusters, although they are actually less than perfect due to the absence of the hifz al-mal elements in them.

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