The objective is to identify and analyze, based on the state of the art, how Knowledge Management (KM) has been approached in university libraries. This is a bibliographic search, based on theses, dissertations and papers available in the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of the Higher Education Personnel Improvement Coordination, as well as in the Journal Portal, from 2009-2018. We found 13 papers (dissertations and theses), of which 6 were selected due to their proximity to the research theme. In the Journal Portal were recovered 584 papers that, after a “floating reading”, were selected 9. The results show that Knowledge Management has been approached through comparative study, instrument proposition to diagnose or manage information and knowledge in an integrated way, experience reports on Knowledge Management practices, among others. However, in most of the investigated institutions, KM is adopted in a non-systematic way, decreasing it effectiveness.