Antecedents and Consequences of International Joint Venture Knowledge Acquisition

Studies on the establishment of international joint ventures (IJVs) in open-oriented markets as a vehicle for knowledge acquisition have been increasing of late. Drawing on the transaction cost economics theory and the knowledge-based view, the chapter examines the impact of absorptive capacity, transfer mechanisms, knowledge management practices, and environmental uncertainty on knowledge acquisition of IJVs from foreign partners. Further, the author examines IJV innovativeness as a consequence of knowledge acquisition. The author tested the model with data from 122 IJVs in Algeria. By analyzing the data using SPSSv25 and smart PLS 3.0, the findings show that absorptive capacity and transfer mechanisms are positively and significantly related to knowledge acquisition of the IJVs. However, knowledge management practices and environmental uncertainty are not significant. In addition, the relationship between IJV knowledge acquisition and innovativeness is significant.

Achieving resilience through knowledge management practices and risk management culture in agri-food supply chains

Purpose Given the increasingly turbulent business landscape and unprecedented incidents (e.g. Covid-19), firms must achieve supply chain resilience (SCRes) as a dynamic capability to bounce back from adversities and ensure continuity of operations. The purpose of this study is to integrate the three interrelated [knowledge management, risk management culture (RMC) and resilience] but often separately discussed concepts to advance the understanding of their intertwined influence on SCRes in the agri-food supply chains. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a cross-sectional survey approach where quantitative data is collected from 349 participants from the Australian agri-food supply chains to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings Exposure to supply chain risks triggers the deployment of specific knowledge management practices in the agri-food supply chains. Further, the analysis on serial mediation suggests that firms’ knowledge management practices work sequentially (knowledge acquisition, assimilation and application) and develop a RMC to achieve SCRes amid supply chain risks. Practical implications The findings of this study inform practitioners and policymakers who seek to understand the key mechanisms that facilitate the development of SCRes when facing supply chain risks, particularly in the Australian agri-food supply chains. Social implications The growth of the food industry through more resilient food supply chains could ensure sustained food supply and more employment opportunities. Originality/value Using dynamic capability theory, the authors devise a novel empirical model that explicates how knowledge management practices and RMC instigate the dynamic capability of SCRes amid supply chain risks facing agri-food supply chains.

The Dimensions of Transformational Leadership and Its Organizational Effects in Public Universities in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

Organizations are dynamic entities, such that they are constantly developing and changing. As such, these entities require leadership capable of managing transformations. Transformational leadership is an effective leadership model that focuses on adapting to existing environmental circumstances whether through internal information, human and monetary resources, or different external variables. This study aims to highlight the characteristics of transformational leadership and their effects on the public universities in Saudi particularly, this study enlightens the urgent need to test the behavioral intentions in the public universities in Saudi Arabia. To achieve this goal, many major databases were used. The period of the study was set from 2011 to 2020 as the topic of the study is the current transformational leadership within the public universities in Saudi Arabia. There was a total of 47,400,000 studies on transformational leadership on Google, however, only 22 studies were reviewed which were entirely conducted in Saudi Arabian Universities. The results demonstrated that in the public universities in Saudi, transformational leadership is practiced across four dimensions: ideal effect, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individual consideration. The documentary research approach was used to review the most recent aspects of administrative literature on the theory of transformational leadership and its organizational outcomes. In addition, NVIVO 11 was used to make a thematic analysis of the linkages between transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: organizational commitment, knowledge management practices, morale, employee empowerment, level of job satisfaction, administrative creativity, organizational citizenship behavior, and the level of transformation toward quality and job enrichment. Therefore, behavioral tendencies such as organizational commitment, empowerment, job satisfaction, and knowledge management practices have been studied more interestingly and critically. Furthermore, these behavioral aspects need to be explored more in public universities in Saudi Arabia.

Bridging the ‘Valley of Death’: Can Agile Principles Be Applied in Industry-Academia Research and Innovation Projects?

Government funding supports industry-academia research and innovation projects in Norway, sharing the risk of the research component in innovation. However, funding alone may not be sufficient to overcome potential differences in collaborative agendas and ways of working. As a result, positive research outcomes often get stuck in the valley of death, instead of ending up as successful innovations that create value. To contribute to bridging the valley of death, we investigated the importance of six agile principles for collaborative industry-academia research and innovation projects, abbreviated IPN in Norway. The study was limited to the manufacturing sector. We surveyed 124 IPN project leaders (70 from industry; 54 from academia) to evaluate the importance of the knowledge management practices associated with the six agile principles across the three project stages. The statistical analyses indicate the consistency of the agile principles throughout the project stages. This means that agile principles are relevant for IPN projects and can be used as guidelines for improvement of the knowledge management practices. Moreover, the study identifies the agile principles that are perceived as most important to use in different stages of a project. It also identifies the different perceptions of the importance of agile principles of the project leaders from industry and academia. These findings can support project leaders who are implementing agile principles to industry-academia research and innovation projects. The results from the study can also support national and federal research/innovation councils in decision-making when assessing industrial research applications.

The impacts of knowledge management practices on innovation activities in high- and low- tech firms

This paper presents an empirical study on how knowledge management practices and innovation sources affect product innovation performance, among the 152 manufacturers in the low- and high- tech industries in China. The results indicate that external innovation sources are positively correlated with innovation activities and new product performance. Intellectual Property (IP) and knowledge management practices (KMP) are positively correlated with innovation activities, and KMP is positively correlated with innovation sources. The dual effect of KMP shows its indispensable effect on the new product development for both high-tech and low-tech firms, but for low-tech firms, such effect is relatively weak. This empirical study shows that IP management is critical to high-tech but not low-tech firms. We also found that, for innovation activities, low-tech depends on the external sources of innovation whilst high-tech firms do not.

The Impacts of Knowledge Management Practices on Innovation Activities in High- and Low-Tech Firms

This paper presents an empirical study on how knowledge management practices and innovation sources affect product innovation performance, among the 152 manufacturers in the low- and high- tech industries in China. The results indicate that external innovation sources are positively correlated with innovation activities and new product performance. Intellectual Property (IP) and knowledge management practices (KMP) are positively correlated with innovation activities, and KMP is positively correlated with innovation sources. The dual effect of KMP shows its indispensable effect on the new product development for both high-tech and low-tech firms, but for low-tech firms, such effect is relatively weak. This empirical study shows that IP management is critical to high-tech but not low-tech firms. We also found that, for innovation activities, low-tech depends on the external sources of innovation whilst high-tech firms do not.

Measuring the Sustainable Entrepreneurial Performance of Textile-Based Small–Medium Enterprises: A Mediation–Moderation Model

This research aimed to examine the role of knowledge management practices in sustainable entrepreneurship performance. This study also investigated the relationships between six concepts: knowledge sharing behavior, innovative capacity, absorptive capacity, dynamic capability, opportunity recognition, and sustainable entrepreneurship. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from 486 entrepreneurs randomly selected from textile-based SMEs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The findings show that knowledge management practices positively and significantly impact sustainable entrepreneurship performance and SMEs’ dynamic capabilities. Moreover, opportunity recognition strengthens the relationship between SMEs’ dynamic capabilities and sustainable entrepreneurship performance. This study offers valuable insights and directions for researchers and practitioners interested in the field of entrepreneurship.

Penerapan Model Manajemen Pengetahuan pada Sektor Pemerintahan (Studi Kasus: Bappeda Cianjur)

BAPPEDA is a regional government supporting element that has the task of assisting the Mayor in determining policies in the field of development planning in the regions and their evaluation and implementation. Regional Development Planning Bodies are formed based on the needs, developments and advances in the Government Sector as well as current technological advances, in order to assist regional governments in implementing development, especially in the Government Sector. This research was conducted to determine what factors influence the application of knowledge management at BAPPEDA and what factors are most important in the application of knowledge management at BAPPEDA. Knowledge management is important to be applied to an organization, as well as BAPPEDA needs to apply knowledge management to conduct training and education to improve employee performance. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires directly to 50 respondents of Bappeda employees. The variables in the study were strategic planning, organizational structure, organizational culture, management support, perceived benefits, user ease of use, mimetic pressure, information technology infrastructure, adoption intention, knowledge management practices, organizational learning and non-financial performance. This research model was tested empirically using the SEM method with the help of PLS-SEM software. The results showed that the variables of organizational culture and adoption intention had a positive influence on knowledge management practices. Knowledge management practice variables have a positive influence on organizational learning variables and organizational learning has a significant positive effect on non-financial performance. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah dibentuk berdasarkan kebutuhan, perkembangan dan kemajuan di bidang Pemerintahan serta kemajuan teknologi dalam rangka membantu pemerintah daerah melaksanakan pembangunan. Manajemen pengetahuan penting untuk diterapkan pada suatu organisasi, begitu juga dengan BAPPEDA perlu menerapkan manajemen pengetahuan untuk melakukan pelatihan dan pendidikan untuk menyempurnakan kinerja pegawainya. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara, pemanfaatan sistem manajemen pengetahuan yang belum maksimal oleh pegawai Bappeda membuat tidak tercapainya tujuan organisasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi penerapan manajemen pengetahuan di BAPPEDA dan faktor apa yang paling penting dalam penerapan manajemen pengetahuan di BAPPEDA. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner secara langsung terhadap 50 responden pegawai Bappeda. Variabel dalam penelitian adalah perencanaan strategi, struktur organisasi, budaya organisasi, dukungan manajemen, manfaat yang dirasakan, kemudahan pengguna, tekanan mimetik, infrastruktur teknologi informasi, niat adopsi, praktik manajemen pengetahuan, pembelajaran organisasi dan kinerja non-keuangan. Model penelitian ini diuji secara empiris dengan menggunakan metode SEM dengan bantuan software PLS-SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel budaya organisasi dengan effect size 0,383 dan niat adopsi memiliki pengaruh positif dengan effect size 0,553 terhadap praktik manajemen pengetahuan. Variabel praktik manajemen pengetahuan memberikan pengaruh positif dengan effect size 0,672 terhadap variabel pembelajaran organisasi dan pembelajaran organisasi memiliki pengaruh positif dengan effect size 0,650 yang signifikan terhadap kinerja non-keuangan. Faktor yang paling penting dalam penerapan manajemen pengetahuan di Bappeda dan berdampak pada kinerja adalah pembelajaran organisasi dengan nilai effect size sebesar 0,732.