Inferring Latent Constructs from Passive Datasets – Significance and Opportunities

This chapter presents an introductory overview of concepts that underscore the general framework of item response theory. “Item response theory” is a broad umbrella term used to describe a family of mathematical measurement models that consider observed test scores to be a function of latent, unobservable constructs. Most musical constructs cannot be directly measured and are therefore unobservable. Musical constructs can therefore only be inferred based on secondary, observable behaviors. Item response theory uses observable behaviors as probabilistic distributions of responses as a logistic function of person and item parameters in order to define latent constructs. This chapter describes philosophical, theoretical, and applied perspectives of item response theory in the context of measuring musical behaviors.

Testing the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model during the COVID-19 Pandemic, with Partial Least Squares Second-Order Latent Constructs

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126398 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6398

Author(s):

Elena Druică ◽

Rodica Ianole-Călin ◽

Monica Sakizlian ◽

Daniela Aducovschi ◽

Remus Dumitrescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Least Squares ◽

Partial Least Squares ◽

Online Survey ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

Second Order ◽

Latent Constructs ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Youth Physical Activity ◽

Mediating Mechanisms

We tested the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) framework on Romanian students in order to identify actionable determinants to support participation in physical activity. Our sample consisted of 665 responses to an online survey, with participants aged 18–23 (mean = 19 years); 70% were women. We used the partial least squares algorithm to estimate the relationships between students’ behavior and possible predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results indicate that all the theoretical dimensions of YPAP (predisposing, enabling and reinforcing) have a positive and significant impact on physical activity, with two mediating mechanisms expressed as predisposing factors: able and worth. Unlike previous research, we used second-order latent constructs, unveiling a particular structure for the enabling dimension that only includes sport competence, fitness and skills, but not the environmental factors.

The effects of greening the supplier and innovation on environmental performance and competitive advantage

Journal of Transport and Supply Chain Management ◽

10.4102/jtscm.v7i1.121 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Unine Van den Berg ◽

Jean-Pierre Labuschagne ◽

Hugo Van den Berg

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Competitive Advantage ◽

Environmental Performance ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

Latent Constructs ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Environmental Goals ◽

The City ◽

Strength Of Association ◽

Managerial Innovation

Companies in South Africa should realise the important influence of greening their suppliers and of innovation to achieve environmental goals and competitive advantages. In order to prove this, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 75 companies from 11 industries in the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality region, South Africa. A confirmatory factor analysis was done, followed by bivariate correlations to determine the strength of association between the latent constructs. Correlations between greening the supplier, innovation, environmental performance and competitive advantages were done. The research found that a green innovative process had a significant effect on environmental performance. Green managerial innovation further had a significant correlation with competitive advantage. The primary result of the study indicated that all the constructs positively related to each other, meaning that greening suppliers, by means of green innovation, leads to an enhanced environmental performance and to competitive advantages.

You Can't Judge a Measure by Its Label: Teaching the Process of Instrumentation

Teaching of Psychology ◽

10.1207/s15328023top2502_10 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 121-123

Author(s):

Jennifer Howard Brockway ◽

Fred B. Bryant

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Construct ◽

Graduate Courses ◽

Instrument Selection ◽

Latent Constructs ◽

Multiple Dimensions ◽

Computer Based

In this article, we describe an exercise in instrument selection applicable to both undergraduate and graduate courses. The exercise consists of 5 progressive steps that involve choosing and defining a theoretical construct (Steps 1 and 2), using computer-based technology to obtain 2 distinct instruments that measure this construct (Steps 3 and 4), and comparing and contrasting these 2 instruments along multiple dimensions (Step 5). This activity generates awareness of the issues involved in measuring latent constructs and teaches at least 3 lessons: (a) The 1st step to accurate instrumentation is precisely conceptualizing the construct of interest; (b) there is more than 1 way to measure latent constructs, and these multiple approaches should be compared; and (c) it is crucial to measure a construct in a way that best matches its underlying definition.

HIT-6 and EQ-5D-5L in patients with migraine: assessment of common latent constructs and development of a mapping algorithm

The European Journal of Health Economics ◽

10.1007/s10198-021-01342-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Sofia Oliveira Gonçalves ◽

Dimitra Panteli ◽

Lars Neeb ◽

Tobias Kurth ◽

Annette Aigner

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Ceiling Effect ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Economic Evaluations ◽

Floor Effect ◽

Mapping Algorithm ◽

Latent Constructs ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract Objective The aims of this study were to assess whether there is a conceptual overlap between the questionnaires HIT-6 and EQ-5D and to develop a mapping algorithm allowing the conversion of HIT-6 to EQ-5D utility scores for Germany. Methods This study used data from an ongoing randomised controlled trial for patients suffering from migraine. We assessed the conceptual overlap between the two instruments with correlation matrices and exploratory factor analysis. Linear regression, tobit, mixture, and two-part models were used for mapping, accounting for repeated measurements, tenfold cross-validation was conducted to validate the models. Results We included 1010 observations from 410 patients. The EQ-5D showed a substantial ceiling effect (47.3% had the highest score) but no floor effect, while the HIT-6 showed a very small ceiling effect (0.5%). The correlation between the instruments’ total scores was moderate (− 0.30), and low to moderate among each domain (0.021–0.227). The exploratory factor analysis showed insufficient conceptual overlap between the instruments, as they load on different factors. Thus, there is reason to believe that the instruments’ domains do not capture the same latent constructs. To facilitate future mapping, we provide coefficients and a variance–covariance matrix for the preferred model, a two-part model with the total HIT-6 score as the explanatory variable. Conclusion This study showed that the German EQ-5D and the HIT-6 lack the conceptual overlap needed for appropriate mapping. Thus, the estimated mapping algorithms should only be used as a last resort for estimating utilities to be employed in economic evaluations.

Suicide Ideation and Thwarted Interpersonal Needs Among Psychiatric Inpatients: A Network Approach

Clinical Psychological Science ◽

10.1177/21677026211000670 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 216770262110006

Author(s):

Sarah L. Brown ◽

Andrew J. Marshall ◽

Sean M. Mitchell ◽

Jared F. Roush ◽

Gregory H. Mumma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Network Analysis ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Psychiatric Inpatients ◽

Psychological Theory ◽

Latent Constructs ◽

Item Level ◽

Interpersonal Needs ◽

Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire ◽

Interpersonal Psychological Theory

We aimed to demonstrate the utility of an item-level network analysis approach to suicide risk by testing the interpersonal psychological theory of suicide (IPTS) among 402 psychiatric inpatients. We hypothesized that specific thwarted belongingness (TB) or perceived burdensomeness (PB; Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire items) facets would positively relate to passive or active suicide ideation and that these facets would positively relate to each other and form distinct clusters. We also tested TB and PB facets central to the networks as predictors of suicide ideation compared with the full TB and PB subscales. Face-valid items congruent with latent constructs proposed by the IPTS (i.e., feelings of burden on society, feeling that one does not belong) were the only two facets uniquely predictive of passive and active suicide ideation. Facets of TB and PB did not form distinct clusters. Item-level network analysis may have important conceptual, assessment, predictive, and clinical implications for understanding suicide risk.

Latent constructs underlying sensory subtypes in children with autism: A preliminary study

Autism Research ◽

10.1002/aur.1787 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1364-1371 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Brittany N. Hand ◽

Simon Dennis ◽

Alison E. Lane

Keyword(s):

Children With Autism ◽

Latent Constructs ◽

Preliminary Study

Evaluating Validity Properties of 25 Race-Related Scales

10.31234/osf.io/vxbtg ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Neil Hester ◽

Jordan Axt ◽

Eric Hehman

Keyword(s):

Item Response Theory ◽

Item Response ◽

Racial Prejudice ◽

Model Fit ◽

Fit Indices ◽

Scale Selection ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Measurement Issues ◽

Latent Constructs ◽

Prejudice And Discrimination

Racial attitudes, beliefs, and motivations lie at the center of many of the most influential theories of prejudice and discrimination. The extent to which such theories can meaningfully explain behavior hinges on accurate measurement of these latent constructs. We evaluated the validity properties of 25 race-related scales in a sample of 1,031,207 respondents using modern approaches such as dynamic fit indices, Item Response Theory, and nomological nets. Despite showing adequate internal reliability, many scales demonstrated poor model fit and had latent score distributions showing clear floor or ceiling effects, results that illustrate deficiencies in measures’ ability to capture their intended construct. Nomological nets further suggested that the theoretical space of “racial prejudice” is crowded with scales that may not actually capture meaningfully distinct latent constructs. We provide concrete recommendations for scale selection and renovation and outline implications for overlooking measurement issues in the study of prejudice and discrimination.

Consumer attitudes towards the mountain product label: Implications for mountain development

Journal of Mountain Science ◽

10.1007/s11629-020-6616-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 2255-2272

Author(s):

Ivana Bassi ◽

Matteo Carzedda ◽

Luca Grassetti ◽

Luca Iseppi ◽

Federico Nassivera

Keyword(s):

Purchase Intention ◽

Geographical Origin ◽

Consumer Attitudes ◽

Purchase Intentions ◽

Product Label ◽

The European Union ◽

Latent Constructs ◽

Statistical Relevance ◽

Marketing Actions ◽

Mountain Development

AbstractTo protect and promote the originality and authenticity of mountain foodstuffs, the European Union set Regulation No 1151/2012 to create the optional quality term “mountain product”. Our research aimed at exploring the attractiveness of the mountain product label for consumers, considering both attitude towards the label itself and purchase intentions. We propose a model to investigate relationships between four latent constructs — mountain attractiveness, mountain food attractiveness, attitude towards the mountain product label, and purchase intention — which have been tested, thus confirming the statistical relevance of the relationships. All 47 items selected for describing the latent constructs are suitable for this purpose. Ridge and LASSO results also show that 17 items of the first three constructs are relevant in explaining purchase intentions. Some contextual variables, such as age, income, geographical origin of consumers, and knowledge of mountain products and mountains for tourism purposes, can positively influence consumers’ behavior. These findings could support the design of mountain development strategies, in particular marketing actions for both the product and the territory.