scholarly journals Astral Microtubule Crosslinking by Feo Safeguards Uniform Nuclear Distribution In The Drosophila Syncytium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ojas Deshpande ◽  
Jorge de-Carvalho ◽  
Diana M. Vieira ◽  
Ivo A. Telley
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Distribution ◽  
Astral Microtubule

Astral microtubule cross-linking safeguards uniform nuclear distribution in the Drosophila syncytium

2021 ◽  
Vol 221 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ojas Deshpande ◽  
Jorge de-Carvalho ◽  
Diana V. Vieira ◽  
Ivo A. Telley
Keyword(s):  
Internuclear Distance ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Nuclear Distribution ◽  
Astral Microtubule ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Microtubule Motors ◽  
Nuclear Separation

The early insect embryo develops as a multinucleated cell distributing the genome uniformly to the cell cortex. Mechanistic insight for nuclear positioning beyond cytoskeletal requirements is missing. Contemporary hypotheses propose actomyosin-driven cytoplasmic movement transporting nuclei or repulsion of neighbor nuclei driven by microtubule motors. Here, we show that microtubule cross-linking by Feo and Klp3A is essential for nuclear distribution and internuclear distance maintenance in Drosophila. Germline knockdown causes irregular, less-dense nuclear delivery to the cell cortex and smaller distribution in ex vivo embryo explants. A minimal internuclear distance is maintained in explants from control embryos but not from Feo-inhibited embryos, following micromanipulation-assisted repositioning. A dimerization-deficient Feo abolishes nuclear separation in embryo explants, while the full-length protein rescues the genetic knockdown. We conclude that Feo and Klp3A cross-linking of antiparallel microtubule overlap generates a length-regulated mechanical link between neighboring microtubule asters. Enabled by a novel experimental approach, our study illuminates an essential process of embryonic multicellularity.

scholarly journals Astral microtubule crosslinking by Feo safeguards uniform nuclear distribution in the Drosophila syncytium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ojas Deshpande ◽  
Jorge de-Carvalho ◽  
Diana V. Vieira ◽  
Ivo A. Telley
Keyword(s):  
Internuclear Distance ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Multinucleated Cell ◽  
Nuclear Distribution ◽  
Astral Microtubule ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Microtubule Motors ◽  
Nuclear Separation

AbstractThe early insect embryo develops as a multinucleated cell distributing genome uniformly to the cell cortex. Mechanistic insight for nuclear positioning beyond cytoskeletal requirements is missing to date. Contemporary hypotheses propose actomyosin driven cytoplasmic movement transporting nuclei, or repulsion of neighbor nuclei driven by microtubule motors. Here, we show that microtubule crosslinking by Feo and Klp3A is essential for nuclear distribution and internuclear distance maintenance. Germline knockdown causes irregular, less dense nuclear delivery to the cell cortex and smaller distribution in ex vivo embryo explants. A minimal internuclear distance is maintained in explants from control embryos but not from Feo-depleted embryos, following micromanipulation assisted repositioning. A dimerization deficient Feo abolishes nuclear separation in embryo explants while the full-length protein rescues the genetic knockdown. We conclude that Feo and Klp3A crosslinking of antiparallel microtubule overlap generates a length-regulated mechanical link between neighboring microtubule asters. Enabled by a novel experimental approach, our study illuminates an essential process of embryonic multicellularity.

Nuclear distribution of genotoxic damage in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sperm after cryopreservation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Gonzalez-Rojo ◽  
Cristina Fernandez-Diez ◽  
Marta Lombo ◽  
Vanesa Robles Rodriguez ◽  
Herraez Maria Paz
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Genotoxic Damage ◽  
Nuclear Distribution ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Nuclear Distribution of Prothymosin α and Parathymosin: Evidence That Prothymosin α Is Associated with RNA Synthesis Processing and Parathymosin with Early DNA Replication

2000 ◽  
Vol 257 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Vareli ◽  
Maria Frangou-Lazaridis ◽  
Ineke van der Kraan ◽  
Orestes Tsolas ◽  
Roel van Driel
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Prothymosin Α ◽  
Nuclear Distribution

Role of biotin-containing membranes and nuclear distribution in differentiating human endometrial cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honoree Fleming ◽  
Rebekah Condon ◽  
Genevieve Peterson ◽  
Ilse Guck ◽  
Elizabeth Prescott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Nuclear Distribution

Changes in the nuclear distribution of cyclin (PCNA) but not its synthesis depend on DNA replication.

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bravo ◽  
H. Macdonald-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Nuclear Distribution

Conidium ontogeny in hyphomycetes. The meristem arthrospores of Wallemia sebi

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1669-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Hashmi ◽  
G. Morgan-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Time Lapse ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Nuclear Distribution ◽  
Wallemia Sebi ◽  
Time Lapse Photomicrography

Conidium ontogeny in Wallemia sebi (Fr.) v. Arx is analyzed and illustrated by time-lapse photomicrography. The nuclear configurations occurring during conidiogenesis are described and subsequent nuclear distribution reported. The conidia are considered to be meristem arthrospores of a unique type.

scholarly journals Hydration Status Affects Nuclear Distribution of Transcription Factor Tonicity Responsive Enhancer Binding Protein in Rat Kidney

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2221-2230 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUNG H. CHA ◽  
SEUNG KYOON WOO ◽  
KI H. HAN ◽  
YOUNG H. KIM ◽  
JOSEPH S. HANDLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Nuclear Localization ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Renal Medulla ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Water Loading ◽  
Nuclear Distribution ◽  
Enhancer Binding Protein

Abstract. Tonicity responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP) is the transcription factor that regulates tonicity responsive expression of proteins that catalyze cellular accumulation of compatible osmolytes. In cultured MDCK cells, hypertonicity stimulates the activity of TonEBP via a combination of increased protein abundance and increased nuclear localization. For investigating regulation of TonEBP in the kidney, rats were subjected to water loading or dehydration. Water loading lowered urine osmolality and mRNA expression of sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter (SMIT), a target gene of TonEBP, in the renal medulla; dehydration doubled the urine osmolality and increased SMIT mRNA expression. In contrast, overall abundance of TonEBP and its mRNA measured by immunoblot and ribonuclease protection assay, respectively, was not affected. Immunohistochemical analysis, however, revealed that nuclear distribution of TonEBP is generally increased throughout the medulla in dehydrated animals compared with water loaded animals. Increased nuclear localization was particularly dramatic in thin limbs. Notable exceptions were the middle to terminal portions of the inner medullary collecting ducts and blood vessels, where a change in TonEBP distribution was not evident. Immunohistochemical detection of SMIT mRNA revealed that the changes in nuclear distribution of TonEBP correlate with expression of SMIT. It is concluded that under physiologic conditions, nucleocytoplasmic distribution is the dominant mode of regulation of TonEBP in the renal medulla.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document