The Nasal Symbiont Staphylococcus Epidermidis Restricts the Transcription of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Nasal Epithelium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Yeon Ji ◽  
Ara Jo ◽  
Jina Won ◽  
Chan Hee GIl ◽  
Haeun Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelium

scholarly journals The nasal symbiont Staphylococcus epidermidis shapes the cellular environment to decrease expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors in nasal epithelium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Yeon Ji ◽  
Ara Jo ◽  
Jina Won ◽  
Chan Hee Gil ◽  
Haeun Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Peptidase Inhibitors ◽  
Serine Peptidase ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Cellular Environment ◽  
Transmembrane Serine Protease

Abstract Background Emerging evidence indicates that severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) targets the human nasal epithelium via the principal entry factors angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), which are highly expressed in the nasal epithelium. However, little is known about suppressive biologics against SARS-CoV-2 entry factors. Here, we report that the nasal commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis altered the host transcriptional response against SARS-CoV-2 in the nasal epithelium by reducing ACE2 and TMPRSS2 gene expression in concert with an increase in serine-peptidase inhibitors. Results Our data reveal that ACE2 was more abundantly expressed in nasal epithelial (NHNE) cells than bronchial epithelial cells, and inoculation with S. epidermidis reduced ACE2 transcription in NHNE cells. Our data also show that TMPRSS2 mRNA was significantly decreased in NHNE cells and that S. epidermidis colony number in human nasal mucus was inversely correlated with ACE2 and TMPRSS2 gene expression in the nasal mucosa. In addition, levels of the serine-peptidase inhibitors SERPINE1 and SERPINE2 were significantly increased by S. epidermidis, and this accompanied reduction of TMPRSS2 transcription in nasal epithelial cells. Conclusion These results characterize the S. epidermidis-regulated host transcriptional response restricting SARS-CoV-2 entry to the nasal epithelium via downregulation of receptors and host protease for SARS-CoV-2 cellular invasion coupled with SERPINE1 and SERPINE2 induction.

scholarly journals Is a diluted seawater-based solution safe and effective on human nasal epithelium?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Huang ◽  
Samuel Constant ◽  
Barbara De Servi ◽  
Marisa Meloni ◽  
Amina Saaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Repair ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Mucin Secretion ◽  
Nasal Irrigation ◽  
Tissue Integrity ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Purpose Nasal irrigation is an effective method for alleviating several nasal symptoms and regular seawater-based nasal irrigation is useful for maintaining nasal hygiene which is essential for appropriate functioning of the nose and for preventing airborne particles including some pollutants, pathogens, and allergens from moving further in the respiratory system. However, safety studies on seawater-based nasal irrigation are scarce. In this study, the safety and efficacy of a diluted isotonic seawater solution (Stérimar Nasal Hygiene, SNH) in maintaining nasal homeostasis were evaluated in vitro. Methods Safety was assessed by measuring tissue integrity via transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Efficacy was measured by mucociliary clearance (MCC), mucin secretion, and tissue re-epithelization (wound repair) assays. All assays were performed using a 3D reconstituted human nasal epithelium model. Results In SNH-treated tissues, TEER values were statistically significantly lower than the untreated tissues; however, the values were above the tissue integrity limit. SNH treatment significantly increased MCC (88 vs. 36 µm/s, p < 0.001) and mucin secretion (1717 vs. 1280 µg/ml, p < 0.001) as compared to untreated cultures. Faster wound closure profile was noted upon pre-SNH treatment as compared to classical isotonic saline solution pre-treatment (90.5 vs. 50.7% wound closure 22 h after wound generation). Conclusion SNH did not compromise the integrity of the nasal epithelium in vitro. Furthermore, SNH was effective for removal of foreign particles through MCC increase and for enhancing wound repair on nasal mucosa.

Human Nasal Epithelium Adsorbs Complement C3-Related Fragments and Expresses Cell Membrane Complement Regulatory Proteins

1996 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabtai Varsano ◽  
Inna Frolkis ◽  
Hava Shapiro ◽  
Dov Ophir
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Complement Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelium

Nitric oxide has no beneficial effects on ion transport defects in cystic fibrosis human nasal epithelium

2000 ◽  
Vol 441 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Rückes-Nilges ◽  
H. Lindemann ◽  
Thorsten Klimek ◽  
Hiltrud Glanz ◽  
Wolf-Michael Weber
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelium

MUC8 as a Ciliated Cell Marker in Human Nasal Epithelium

2006 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. S166
Author(s):  
C. Kim ◽  
J. Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Ciliated Cell ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Cell Marker ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelium

Localization of the human neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) in human nasal epithelium

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 253 (6) ◽  
pp. 1557-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Heidl ◽  
Isabella Ellinger ◽  
Verena Niederberger ◽  
Eva E. Waltl ◽  
Renate Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Fc Receptor ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Neonatal Fc Receptor ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelium

scholarly journals Temporal structure/function variation in cultured differentiated human nasal epithelium associated with acute single exposure to tobacco smoke or E-cigarette vapor

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnny L. Carson ◽  
Laura Zhou ◽  
Luisa Brighton ◽  
Katherine H. Mills ◽  
Haibo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelium
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