scholarly journals Shifted Firefighter Health Investigation by Personal Health Insurance Record in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 665-673
Author(s):  
Wei-Ching Hsu ◽  
Chun-Hsiang Wang ◽  
Kang-Ming Chang ◽  
Li-Wei Chou
1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Whetten-Goldstein ◽  
Frank A Sloan ◽  
Larry B Goldstein ◽  
Elizabeth D Kulas

Comprehensive data on the costs of multiple sclerosis is sparse. We conducted a survey of 606 persons with MS who were members of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society to obtain data on their cost of personal health services, other services, equipment, and earnings. Compensation of such cost in the form of health insurance, income support, and other subsidies was measured. Survey data and data from several secondary sources was used to measure costs incurred by comparable persons without MS. Based on the 1994 data, the annual cost of MS was estimated at over $34 000 per person, translating into a conservative estimate of national annual cost of $6.8 billion, and a total lifetime cost per case of $2.2 million. Major components of cost were earnings loss and informal care. Virtually all persons with MS had health insurance, mostly Medicare/Medicaid. Health insurance covered 51 per cent of costs for services, excluding informal care. On average, compensation for earnings loss was 27 per cent. MS is very costly to the individual, health care system, and society. Much of the cost (57 per cent) is in the form of burdens other than personal health care, including earnings loss, equipment and alternations, and formal and informal care. These costs often are not calculated.


1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-490
Author(s):  
L. M. J. Groot

In the industrialized countries, a rapidly growing and more expensive consumption of medical services, which runs parallel to economic development, is becoming manifest. This paper tries to establish a typical image of the six countries of the European Economic Community as to their economic and organizational aspects of personal health care. Apart from certain differences, common features can be identified. Though relatively few, comparable figures concerning health insurance reveal widely divergent policies within the member states. It is, however, difficult to prove to what extent these policy differences influence the consumption and the real costs of health care. In the field of health insurance, there is a tendency toward increased financing by the state. The entry of the United Kingdom, Denmark, and other countries with an important degree of state intervention, will undoubtedly influence the ultimate policy of the EEC. There are important differences in health manpower and personnel utilization, factors which have a strong influence on the development of costs. To achieve a more equal distribution of manpower, negotiations concerning the freedom of settlement of health professionals and the reciprocal recognition of licensing are under way. Finally, there are main differences in the provision of hospital care, its financing, and fee schedules.


2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492199668
Author(s):  
Winifred L. Boal ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Sharon R. Silver

Objectives Essential workers in the United States need access to health care services for preventive care and for diagnosis and treatment of illnesses (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] or other infectious or chronic diseases) to remain healthy and continue working during a pandemic. This study evaluated access to health care services among selected essential workers. Methods We used the most recent data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2017-2018, to estimate the prevalence of 4 measures of health care access (having health insurance, being able to afford to see a doctor when needed, having a personal health care provider, and having a routine checkup in the past year) by broad and detailed occupation group among 189 208 adults aged 18-64. Results Of all occupations studied, workers in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were most likely to have no health insurance (46.4%). Personal care aides were most likely to have been unable to see a doctor when needed because of cost (29.3%). Construction laborers were most likely to lack a personal health care provider (51.1%) and to have not had a routine physical checkup in the past year (50.6%). Compared with workers in general, workers in 3 broad occupation groups—food preparation and serving; building and grounds cleaning and maintenance; and construction trades—had significantly lower levels of health care access for all 4 measures. Conclusion Lack of health insurance and underinsurance were common among subsets of essential workers. Limited access to health care might decrease essential workers’ access to medical testing and needed care and hinder their ability to address underlying conditions, thereby increasing their risk of severe outcomes from some infectious diseases, such as COVID-19. Improving access to health care for all workers, including essential workers, is critical to ensure workers’ health and workforce stability.


1956 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Gerald R. Gibbons ◽  
John D. Johnston

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee Gindi ◽  

Health, United States, 2019 is the 43rd report on the health status of the nation and is submitted by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services to the President and the Congress of the United States in compliance with Section 308 of the Public Health Service Act. This report was compiled by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The Health, United States series presents an annual overview of national trends in key health indicators. The 2019 report presents trends and current information on selected measures of morbidity, mortality, health care utilization and access, health risk factors, prevention, health insurance, and personal health care expenditures in a 20-figure chartbook. The Health, United States, 2019 Chartbook is supplemented by several other products including Trend Tables, an At-a-Glance table, and Appendixes available for download on the Health, United States website at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/ index.htm. The Health, United States, 2019 Chartbook contains 20 figures and 20 tables on health and health care in the United States. Examining trends in health informs the development, implementation, and evaluation of health policies and programs. The first section (Figures 1–13) focuses on health status and determinants: life expectancy, infant mortality, selected causes of death, overdose deaths, suicide, maternal mortality, teen births, preterm births, use of tobacco products, asthma, hypertension, heart disease and cancer, and functional limitations. The second section (Figures 14–15) presents trends in health care utilization: use of mammography and colorectal tests and unmet medical needs. The third section (Figures 16–17) focuses on health care resources: availability of physicians and dentists. The fourth section (Figures 18–20) describes trends in personal health care expenditures, health insurance coverage, and supplemental insurance coverage among Medicare beneficiaries. The Highlights section summarizes major findings from the Chartbook. Suggested citation: National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2019. Hyattsville, MD. 2021.


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