scholarly journals Intergroup anxiety, cultural sensitivity and socio-cultural diverse leaders’ effectiveness

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Laura Lupano Peruginni ◽  
Alejandro Castro Solano
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Sociocultural Characteristics ◽  
Ad Hoc Protocol

This intended to analyze differences in the level of perception –of general population participants- in regards to leaders with diverse socio-cultural characteristics (gender, sexual orientation, religious affiliation, nationality) and also verify by means of structural equations, the influence of intergroup anxiety and the cultural sensitivity in terms of the level of effectiveness perception. Participants: 481 adults from Argentina (52.8% female, 47.2% male; age average = 35.45 years old). Instruments: Intergroup Anxiety scale, Cultural Sensitivity scale, and an ad hoc protocol designed to assess level of effectiveness perception in socio-culturally diverse leaders. Results: Differences in the level of perception of effectiveness according to sociocultural characteristics could not be confirmed. However, a direct effect of cultural sensitivity and an indirect effect of intergroup anxiety on the levels of effectiveness perception were confirmed. This work contributes to previous studies on prejudice and leadership.

scholarly journals The Sensed Presence Questionnaire (SenPQ): initial psychometric validation of a measure of the “Sensed Presence” experience

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Barnby ◽  
Vaughan Bell
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Representation Systems ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions

BackgroundThe experience of ‘sensed presence’—a feeling or sense that another entity, individual or being is present despite no clear sensory or perceptual evidence—is known to occur in the general population, appears more frequently in religious or spiritual contexts, and seems to be prominent in certain psychiatric or neurological conditions and may reflect specific functions of social cognition or body-image representation systems in the brain. Previous research has relied on ad-hoc measures of the experience and no specific psychometric scale to measure the experience exists to date.MethodsBased on phenomenological description in the literature, we created the 16-item Sensed Presence Questionnaire (SenPQ). We recruited participants from (i) a general population sample, and; (ii) a sample including specific selection for religious affiliation, to complete the SenPQ and additional measures of well-being, schizotypy, social anxiety, social imagery, and spiritual experience. We completed an analysis to test internal reliability, the ability of the SenPQ to distinguish between religious and non-religious participants, and whether the SenPQ was specifically related to positive schizotypical experiences and social imagery. A factor analysis was also conducted to examine underlying latent variables.ResultsThe SenPQ was found to be reliable and valid, with religious participants significantly endorsing more items than non-religious participants, and the scale showing a selective relationship with construct relevant measures. Principal components analysis indicates two potential underlying factors interpreted as reflecting ‘benign’ and ‘malign’ sensed presence experiences.DiscussionThe SenPQ appears to be a reliable and valid measure of sensed presence experience although further validation in neurological and psychiatric conditions is warranted.

Training Racially Sensitive Family Therapists: Context, Content, and Contact

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth V. Hardy ◽  
Tracey A. Laszloffy
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Family Therapists ◽  
Structural Composition ◽  
Cultural Milieu ◽  
Race Ethnicity

As society becomes more racially, ethnically, and culturally diverse, therapists' training needs to become broader in order to incorporate greater cultural sensitivity into practice. Educational programs must create a cultural milieu that challenges students to explore the complexities of race, ethnicity, and culture. The authors analyze training-program culture in terms of curriculum, structural composition, and the clinical components of practice. Suggestions for how the culture of programs can be reshaped are offered.

scholarly journals Perceived discrimination and psychotic experiences in the English general population

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Andrew Stickley ◽  
Hans Oh ◽  
Tomiki Sumiyoshi ◽  
Zui Narita ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Auditory Hallucination ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychotic Experiences

Abstract Background: Perceived discrimination has been linked to psychotic experiences (PEs). However, as yet, information is lacking on the relationship between different forms of discrimination and PEs. This study examined this association in the English general population. Methods: Nationally representative, cross-sectional data were analyzed from 7363 adults aged 16 and above that came from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, 2007. Self-reported information was obtained on six forms of discrimination (ethnicity, sex, religious beliefs, age, physical health problems/disability, sexual orientation), while PEs were assessed with the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire (PSQ). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations. Results: In a fully adjusted logistic regression analysis, any discrimination was significantly associated with PEs (odds ratio [OR]: 2.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.75–3.48). All individual forms of discrimination were significantly associated with PEs except sexual orientation. Multiple forms of discrimination were associated with higher odds for PEs in a monotonic fashion with those experiencing ≥ 3 forms of discrimination having over 5 times higher odds for any PE. In addition, experiencing any discrimination was associated with significantly increased odds for all individual forms of PE with ORs ranging from 2.16 (95%CI: 1.40–3.35) for strange experience to 3.36 (95%CI: 1.47–7.76) for auditory hallucination. Conclusion: Different forms of discrimination are associated with PEs in the general population. As discrimination is common at the societal level, this highlights the importance of public policy and evidence-based interventions to reduce discrimination and improve population mental health.

scholarly journals Discrimination and delusional ideation

2003 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Janssen ◽  
M. Hanssen ◽  
M. Bak ◽  
R. V. Bijl ◽  
R. De Graaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
General Population ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Delusional Ideation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundIn the UK and The Netherlands, people with high rates of psychosis are chronically exposed to discrimination.AimsTo test whether perceived discrimination is associated longitudinally with onset of psychosis.MethodA 3-year prospective study of cohorts with no history of psychosis and differential rates of reported discrimination on the basis of age, gender, disability, appearance, skin colour or ethnicity and sexual orientation was conducted in the Dutch general population (n=4076). The main outcome was onset of psychotic symptoms (delusions and hallucinations).ResultsThe rate of delusional ideation was 0.5% (n=19) in those who did not report discrimination, 0.9% (n=4) in those who reported discrimination in one domain, and 2.7% (n=3) in those who reported discrimination in more than one domain (exact P=0.027). This association remained after adjustment for possible confounders. No association was found between baseline discrimination and onset of hallucinatory experiences.ConclusionsPerceived discrimination may induce delusional ideation and thus contribute to the high observed rates of psychotic disorder in exposed minority populations.

Sexual Orientation Perspectives of Incarcerated Bisexual and Gay Men: The County Jail Protective Custody Experience

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEANNE FIFTAL ALARID
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
Institutional Adjustment ◽  
County Jail ◽  
Theoretical Inquiry ◽  
Protective Custody

This study examined sexual identity and perceptions of treatment by other prisoners and staff of incarcerated bisexual and gay men in special housing. Eigenberg's social constructionist model guided theoretical inquiry, and questions were derived from Wooden and Parker's survey. Although all inmates surveyed felt safer in protective custody than in general population, gay men were more likely to pressure bisexual and/or heterosexual offenders for sex while in protective custody. Bisexual offenders who preferred women to men more often sought protection from another inmate, reported more pressure from others to have sex, and felt less safe in jail than gay or bisexual men who preferred men over women. Sexual patterns tended to be indistinct for bisexuals, a factor that contributed to lower institutional adjustment and less satisfaction with regard to their sexual identity.

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