A Critical Assessment on the Need for Integrating Alternative Birth Attendant into Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) Programme in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
Charles Olusegun Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Pmtct Programme ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals Call To action - Prevention of mother To child transmission of HIV

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Ashraf Hassen Coovadia ◽  
Ameena Ebrahim Goga ◽  
Laurie Schowalter
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Pmtct Programme ◽  
Is Implementation ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Drug Regimens ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Mother To Child

The Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT)programme is a critical intervention to reduce the incidence of paediatric HIV infections . It is also a key intervention to decrease infant, child and maternal mortality. The optimal implementation of a sound, evidence-based PMTCT programme is essential to meet both the HIV reduction targets in the National Strategic Plan1 and to achieve Millennium Development Goals(MDGs) 4 (reducing infant and child mortality) and 5 (reducing maternal mortalty).2 Since 2001, South Africa has been implementing a programme to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Since 2007, national PMTCT policy has evolved into a strong, enabling framework that should reduce vertical transmission significantly. This paper reviews the milestone studies that have contributed to our knowledge about drug regimens to reduce MTCT (mother-to-child transmission of HIV), reviews the latest South African PMTCT guidelines and the possible future changes. Strengthened / revised drug regimens for PMTCT are, essential but insufficient for measureable decreases in HIV transmission and improvements in maternal and childl health. The main challenge is implementation. Until the enhanced PMTCT policy is effectively operationalised, measureable achievements will remain elusive.

scholarly journals Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV guidelines: Nurses’ views at four primary healthcare facilities in the Limpopo Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Hanrahan ◽  
Adri Williams
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Pmtct Programme ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: When new guidelines for existing programmes are introduced, it is often the clinicians tasked with the execution of the guidelines who bear the brunt of the changes. Frequently their opinions are not sought. In this study, the researcher interviewed registered nurses working in the field of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to gain an understanding of their perspectives on the changes introduced to the guidelines. The guideline changes in 2014 were to move from the World Health Organization (WHO) Option B to Option B + which prescribes lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all HIV-positive pregnant women regardless of CD4 cell count.Objective: To determine what the registered nurses’ perspectives are on the PMTCT programme as implemented at four PHC facilities in the Limpopo Province.Method: For this qualitative investigation, a descriptive research design was implemented. The data were collected during semi-structured interviews with nurses from four primary healthcare facilities in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Challenges preventing effective implementation (e.g. increased workloads, viz. staff shortages; poor planning of training; equipment and medication shortages and long lead times; poor patient education) were identified.Conclusion: In spite of the successes of the PMTCT programme, considerable challenges still prevail; lack of patient education, poor facilities management and staff shortages could potentially influence the implementation of the PMTCT guidelines negatively.

scholarly journals Modifiable factors within the prevention of mother-to-child transmission programme associated with failure to prevent HIV transmission in the Onandjokwe district of Namibia

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Strato Shayo ◽  
Bob Mash
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Coordination Of Care ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Pmtct Programme ◽  
Paediatric Hiv ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: Ending new paediatric HIV infections continues to be a global health priority. Cuba and other countries have demonstrated that elimination of mother-to-child transmission is possible through Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) interventions. As Namibia works on improving PMTCT there is a need to identify the local modifiable factors to achieve zero new HIV infections.Aim: This study aimed to identify the modifiable factors within the PMTCT programme, which contributed to the acquisition of HIV infection among children.Setting: The study was carried out in the Onandjokwe District, Northern Namibia.Methods: A descriptive audit was undertaken of 59 medical records of mothers and their children under two years, who acquired HIV despite the PMTCT programme between 2014 and 2016.Results: The study found that overall HIV transmission was only 2%, but 80% of the paediatric HIV infections could be prevented by implementing the existing Namibian PMTCT recommendations. Overall 61% of modifiable factors were related to mothers, 30% to health workers and 10% to the health system. The top three modifiable factors were the mother defaulting on ART during pregnancy or breastfeeding, the health worker not intervening when the mother failed the first-line ART regimen, and poor coordination of care between the hospital and primary care.Conclusion: Although overall transmission is low with the PMTCT programme, the majority of remaining HIV infections among children under two years could be prevented by addressing the modifiable factors identified in this study.

HIV testing among male partners of pregnant women in Nigeria: a missing link in the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babayemi O Olakunde ◽  
Daniel A Adeyinka ◽  
Tolulope Oladele ◽  
Chamberline E Ozigbu
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Pmtct Programme ◽  
Combination Prevention ◽  
Partner Testing ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Mother To Child

In this study, we assessed male partner testing and the serodiscordance rate among pregnant women and their partners in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programme in Nigeria. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the consolidated national health sector PMTCT data over a five-year period (2012–2016). Over the period, a total of 11,833,062 pregnant women were tested for HIV with a positivity rate of 2.2%. About 266,188 (2.2%) of sexual partners of pregnant women who presented at PMTCT clinics had an HIV test within the period. The uptake of male partner testing varied across the years, ranging from 22,269 (1.7%) in 2012 to 90,603 (2.9%) in 2014 (χ2 for trend = 1320; p < 0.001). Overall, the proportion of partners of HIV-negative pregnant women who tested was higher than the proportion of partners of HIV-positive pregnant women (81% versus 19%, respectively). The serodiscordance rate among partners who tested over the five-year period was 18%. The serodiscordance rate declined from 24% in 2012 to 13% in 2016 (χ2 for trend = 1202; p < 0.001). Partner testing in the PMTCT programme in Nigeria has remained low in the last five years while the clinic-based serodiscordance rate among partners appears to be declining. There is a need for multilevel interventions to address the possible barriers to partner testing in the PMTCT programme and intensification of the HIV combination prevention approach in the HIV response.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document