scholarly journals ROLE OF CROP ROTATION ON Rotylenchulus reniformis POPULATION WITH REFERENCE TO ITS MANAGEMENT ON COTTON PLANT, Gossypium barbadense IN CEMENT BINZES UNDER OUTDOOR CONDITIONS.

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 2289-2296
Author(s):  
A. El-Sherif ◽  
A. Khalil ◽  
A. Refaei
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Cotton Plant ◽  
Gossypium Barbadense ◽  
Rotylenchulus Reniformis

scholarly journals The crucial role of mulch to enhance the stability and resilience of cropping systems in southern Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blessing Mhlanga ◽  
Laura Ercoli ◽  
Elisa Pellegrino ◽  
Andrea Onofri ◽  
Christian Thierfelder
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability And Resilience

AbstractConservation agriculture has been promoted to sustainably intensify food production in smallholder farming systems in southern Africa. However, farmers have rarely fully implemented all its components, resulting in different combinations of no-tillage, crop rotation, and permanent soil cover being practiced, thus resulting in variable yield responses depending on climatic and soil conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the effect of conservation agriculture components on yield stability. We hypothesized that the use of all three conservation agriculture components would perform the best, resulting in more stable production in all environments. We evaluated at, eight trial locations across southern Africa, how partial and full implementation of these components affected crop yield and yield stability compared with conventional tillage alone or combined with mulching and/or crop rotation. Grain yield and shoot biomass of maize and cowpea were recorded along with precipitation for 2 to 5 years. Across different environments, the addition of crop rotation and mulch to no-tillage increased maize grain by 6%, and the same practices added to conventional tillage led to 13% yield increase. Conversely, adding only mulch or crop rotation to no-tillage or conventional tillage led to lower or equal maize yield. Stability analyses based on Shukla’s index showed for the first time that the most stable systems are those in which mulch is added without crop rotation. Moreover, the highest yielding systems were the least stable. Finally, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis allowed clarifying that mulch added to no-tillage gives stable yields on sandy soil with high rainfall. Similarly, mulch added to conventional tillage gives stable yield on sandy soil, but under low rainfall. This is the first study that highlighted the crucial role of mulch to enhance the stability and resilience of cropping systems in southern Africa, supporting their adaptability to climate change.

The Role of Wastewater Reuse in Water Resources Management in Israel

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 2081-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Shelef
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Tel Aviv

Wastewater reuse is considered as a major vital water resource in Israel with an annual flow of 420 million m planned for the year 2010 constituting 19% of the total water supply and about one third of the overall water allocated to the agricultural sector. The trend is for less crop restriction and wider crop rotation and thus higher effluent quality requirements. The economical considerations are favourable even with the need for seasonal storage and extra treatment. A brief description of the major wastewater reuse schemes, i.e. the Dan Region (Greater Tel-Aviv) and Greater Haifa - Tishlovet Hakishon is also given.

Crop rotation efficiencies and biological diversity in farming systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Bezdicek ◽  
David Granatstein
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Agricultural Sustainability ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Sustainability Issue ◽  
Commodity Programs

AbstractThe positive role of biological diversity in enhancing agricultural sustainability is presented in the context of crop rotation. Once common in virtually all farming systems, crop rotations have been simplified or eliminated during the past two decades from farming systems in most industrialized countries. Specialization, production intensification, government commodity programs, and the resulting short-term economic decisions have all had an influence in reducing crop rotation and diversity. Economic and environmental concerns have raised the question of agricultural sustainability in the public arena. We discuss here the role of diversity and crop rotation in relation to the sustainability issue, including matters of agronomic, economic, and environmental benefits, as well as increased efficiency in the use of fossil fuels. Constraints and future directions in the use of crop rotation in modern agriculture are described.

scholarly journals PHOSPHORUS PROBLEM IN AGRICULTURE OF POLISSYA REGION AND WAYS OF ITS SOLUTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 146-158
Author(s):  
I. V. Hrynyk ◽  
A. M. Berdnikov ◽  
L. V. Potapenko ◽  
T. B. Milyutenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Arable Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Balance ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Biological Preparation ◽  
The Relationship

The paper covers the problem with phosphorus supply at crops cultivation on sod-podzolic soils of Polissya region. Issues of P2O5 renewal in the arable soil layer of sod-podzolic soils were reviewed together with the relationship between the phosphorus balance and crop rotation productivity, as well as role of biological preparation Polymyxobacteryn at periodic and additional application of technical phosphorus.

scholarly journals effect of crop rotation and fertilization on wheat and maize in the pedoclimatic conditions of the Banat Plain

2010 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Iacob Borza ◽  
Ludovic Cseke-Kreppel ◽  
Cosmin Dragos ◽  
Ioan Gaica ◽  
Mădălina Iordache
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Small Measure ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Simple Rotation

The simplification of the plant cultures range and the yields in the last 10-15 years brings into the actuality the role of crop rotation andof fertilization on the yield level and stability for wheat and maize even on the soils with a high natural fertility. The results of the researchesperformed between the years 2006 – 2009 on a cambic low gleyed chernozem from the Banat Plain showed that the wheat cultivated inmonoculture gives productions with 59-81% lower than that cultivated in crop rotation with other plants during 2-4 years. In maize, the yieldobtained in monoculture is situated behind that obtained in crop rotation with 11-21%. The most favorable crop rotations for wheat wererape-wheat in a 4 years rotation and soybean-wheat in simple rotation of 2 years. In maize, the most favorable was the 2 years rotation(wheat-maize). The mineral fertilization was very efficient both in wheat (11-36%) and maize (9-31%). The organic fertilization with manurewas very efficient for maize, the yields being superior with a mean value by 34% for a 60 t/ha dose and with 16% for 30t/ha. The fertilizationcompensates the negative effect expressed by the monocultivation only in a small measure

Metabolism of organophosphorus insecticides: IV. Translocation and metabolism of 32P-labelled Dipterex in cotton plant

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Y. Mostafa ◽  
A. Hassan ◽  
S. M. A. D. Zayed
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Plant ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Gossypium Barbadense ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Organophosphorus Insecticides ◽  
Metabolic Fate ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

The uptake of 32P-labelled Dipterex by the cotton plant (Gossypium barbadense), has been studied following topical application on the leaf, as well as via root. The insecticide did not penetrate into the leaf cells, when applied topically, but is readily taken up by the root, when immersed in a solution of radioactive insecticide. Also the rate of respiration was found to increase significantly in plants treated with sublethal concentrations of Dipterex.The metabolic fate of Dipterex within the plant tissues has been also investigated. Dimethylphosphate, monomethylphosphate and inorganic phosphate have been identified as degradation products of te insecticide.

scholarly journals Gossypium barbadense (Gallini cotton).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Dube
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Plant ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Gossypium Barbadense ◽  
Feral Populations ◽  
The Caribbean

Abstract Gossypium barbadense is a cultivated cotton plant native to Peru and Ecuador that has been widely introduced in cultivation. It has escaped and become naturalized in Africa, Australia, Oceania, and parts of the Caribbean and is categorized as invasive on a number of Pacific Islands. Although reported as a weed, its impacts are not detailed, but large clumps have been reported growing on Pacific Islands. It is capable of hybridization with other Gossypium species, so weedy, feral populations can contaminate the gene pool of native Gossypium. It may re-sprout after cutting.

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