BIOLOGICAL AND CONTROL STUDIES ON RHOPALOSIPHUM PADI INFESTING WHEAT PLANTS, TRITICUM AESTIVUM AT MENOUFIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT

Surveys on viruses associated with Barley Yellow Dwarf (BYD) and their vectors were carried out in Algerian cereal areas (Guelma, Constantine, Algiers, Sidi-belabes, Adrar) in 1997 and 1998. Rhopalosiphum padi was present in all zones of culture, whereas R. maidis, Sitobion avenae, S. fragariae and Schizaphis graminum had only local distributions. In most areas BYD-like symptoms, i.e. dwarfing and yellowing of barley (Hordeum vulgare), dwarfing and reddening of oat (Avena sativa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum), were observed. Serological tests were done on these crops using DAS-ELISA (RMV and SGV) or TAS-ELISA using monoclonal antibodies specifie to CYDV-RPV or using different variant specifie BYDV-PAV (CpA and CpB) and BYDV-MAV monoclonal antibodies. BYDV-PAV was prevalent and few plant samples carrying RMV, SGV, BYDV-MAV or CYDV-RPV were detected. The relative frequencies of BYDV-PAV CpA and CpB serotypes were variable depending on the area and the crop season. The range of symptoms induced on barley by both Algerian BYDV-PAV CpB and BYDV-PAV CpA serotypes was mild to severe. Twenty-one BYDV-MAV isolates were compared using monoclonal antibodies, which distinguish two serotypes of this virus. Only one serotype was detected. This same serotype is also the most prevalent in Europe.

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Resistance of Select Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cultivars to Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/tox164 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 110 (4) ◽

pp. 1886-1889 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

John Girvin ◽

R. Jeff Whitworth ◽

Lina Maria Aguirre Rojas ◽

C. Michael Smith

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi

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Effects of Collembola and fertilizers on plant performance (Triticum aestivum) and aphid reproduction (Rhopalosiphum padi)

Basic and Applied Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.baae.2006.07.003 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 182-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Kirsten Schütz ◽

Michael Bonkowski ◽

Stefan Scheu

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Plant Performance

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Transcript expression profile of water-limited roots of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum ‘Opata’)

Genome ◽

10.1139/g08-020 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

pp. 357-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Mohsen Mohammadi ◽

Nat N.V. Kav ◽

Michael K. Deyholos

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Unknown Function ◽

Mapping Population ◽

Class Iii ◽

Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽

Physiological Variables ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Class Iii Peroxidases ◽

And Control ◽

Microarray Analyses

Triticum aestivum ‘Opata’ is an elite hard red spring wheat that has been used as a parent of the ITMI (International Triticeae Mapping Inititative) mapping population and also in the production of synthetically derived hexaploid wheats, some of which (following selection) show increased drought tolerance relative to Opata. Here, we describe the response of Opata roots to water withholding, using physiological variables and oligonucleotide microarrays. We identified 394 distinct transcripts whose abundance differed (p ≤ 0.05) at least 1.5-fold between water-limited and control roots of Opata, of which 190 transcripts increased and 204 decreased following water limitation. In addition to previously characterized markers of abiotic stress and many genes of unknown function, we identified multiple putative glucanases and class III peroxidases as being particularly responsive to stress. We also compared these data to previously described microarray analyses of Opata’s more drought-tolerant, synthetic-derived progeny, and found a relatively high correlation (r = 0.7) between responsive transcripts in the two genotypes, despite differing physiological responses. Some of the transcripts that we confirmed by qRT-PCR as being differentially expressed between Opata and the more tolerant synthetic-derived genotype under stress include a class III peroxidase, an AP2-family transcription factor, and several transcripts of unknown function.

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Effect of Plant Essential Oils against Rophalosiphum padi on Wheat and Barley

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1701200933 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1934578X1701200

Author(s):

Daniela Grul'ová ◽

Silvia Mudrončeková ◽

Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ◽

Ivan Šalamon ◽

Silvia I. Rondon

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Thymus Vulgaris ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Plant Essential Oils ◽

Hyssopus Officinalis

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of six EOs against Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Homoptera: Aphididae). This aphid is one of the most important cereal pests worldwide. EOs used in this study were from cumin ( Cuminum cyminum L.; Apiaceae), hyssop ( Hyssopus officinalis L.; Lamiaceae), costmary ( Tanacetum balsamita L. syn. Chrysanthemum balsamita L. Baill; Asteraceae), lovage ( Levisticum officinale W.D.J. Koch; Apiaceae), lavander ( Lavandula angustifolia Mill; Lamiaceae) and thyme ( Thymus vulgaris L.; Lamiaceae). Cultivar ORCF-10, a soft white winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar and barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. ‘Alba’ were selected for the bioassays. Each EO was diluted with acetone (w/v) at different concentrations ranging from 0.1 % to 1.0 %. Number of R. padi landing on treated or untreated leaves was counted 24 h after the initial aphid transfer. In general, the repellency effect increased as the concentration of EOs increased regardless of treatments with the exception of lovage. Regardless of the substrate and treatment, lower numbers of aphids were observed on treated leaves at higher concentrations compared to the untreated control stressing the repellency effect. This study demonstrated that the EOs of cumin, hyssop, costmary, lavender, and thyme may have potential for aphids control.

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Plant resistance to the Russian wheat aphid: effects on a nontarget aphid and the role of induction

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/n03-062 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 136 (1) ◽

pp. 129-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Frank J. Messina ◽

Ashley J. Bloxham

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Plant Resistance ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Russian Wheat Aphid ◽

Diuraphis Noxia ◽

Resistant Lines ◽

Aphid Feeding ◽

Species Performance ◽

Different Sources

AbstractSeveral resistant lines of wheat, Triticum aestivum (L.) (Poaceae), have been developed to control populations of the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). We examined the potential effects of D. noxia resistant lines on another aphid, the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)), which commonly co-occurs with D. noxia. Because one type of resistance (mediated by the Dn1 gene) is purported to be induced rather than constitutive, we also determined the degree to which the suitability of resistant and susceptible plants is modified by previous infestation. Although resistant lines were derived from five different sources, we did not detect any differences in the population growth of R. padi on resistant and near-isogenic susceptible plants. The performance of D. noxia was reduced as expected on resistant plants but was unaffected by whether or not plants had been previously infested. In contrast, the performance of R. padi was reduced on plants that had been previously infested but was unaffected by whether plants were resistant or susceptible to D. noxia. Because neither species' performance was especially low on previously infested, resistant plants, there was no evidence that prior aphid feeding induces a higher level of resistance.

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A comparison of the level of resistance in diploid Triticum monococcum and hexaploid Triticum aestivum wheat seedlings to the aphids Metopolophium dirhodum and Rhopalosiphum padi

Annals of Applied Biology ◽

10.1111/j.1744-7348.1986.tb03196.x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 109 (1) ◽

pp. 173-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

N. J. SPILLER ◽

M. LLEWELLYN

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Triticum Monococcum ◽

Metopolophium Dirhodum ◽

Wheat Seedlings

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Compared salt tolerance of five local wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars of Albania based on morphology, pigment synthesis and glutathione content

The EuroBiotech Journal ◽

10.2478/ebtj-2020-0006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 42-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ariola Bacu ◽

Vjollca Ibro ◽

Magdalena Nushi

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Complex Stress ◽

Pigment Content ◽

Pigment Synthesis ◽

Complex Biological Process ◽

Cytosolic Glutathione ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

AbstractStressful saline concentrations in soils affect photosynthesis by damaging pigments, photosystems, components of electron transport system, and enzymes involved in the process. Plants respond through very complex stress adaptation mechanisms including proteome modulation, alterations in pigment content, cell osmotic adjustment and control of ion and water homeostasis mechanisms, which stabilize cytosolic glutathione redox potential, etc. The level of plant sensitivity depends on salt toxicity levels, growth stage, physiological and genetic factors. With aim the investigation of the salinity tolerant cultivars, and for the elucidation of mechanisms underlying this complex biological process, here we analyze the impact of four NaCl concentrations (0-50-100-200mM) in growth parameters (root, shoot and leaves length), pigment content (chla, chlb, carotenoids), and GSH content, during seedling of five bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in modified Hoagland solutions. Based on biometric parameters, pigment synthesis and GSH content cultivar Nogal is salt-sensitive (growth and pigments reduced); cultivar Viktoria is medium-tolerant (growth partially impaired, pigments constant), cultivar Toborzo and cultivar Suba are medium-tolerant (growth partially impaired, pigments increased), cultivar Dajti salt-tolerant (growth partially impaired/ leaves developed, pigments increased). Quantity of GSH in response to different levels of salinity is cultivar specific, and time of exposure to salinity is in negative correlation to GSH content for all investigated cultivars.

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