Classification of Urban Morphology Indicators towards Urban Generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
mostafa elzeni ◽  
ashraf elmokadem ◽  
nancy badawy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Morphology

scholarly journals Urban morphology as a tool for exploring the land use in residential areas: Example of New Belgrade

Spatium ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Ranka Gajic
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Morphogenetic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Patterns

The paper presents findings of research about the classification of New Belgrade?s super-blocks using the typomorphology approach and the morphogenetic analysis of urban morphology in relation to land use. The example of New Belgrade is particularly interesting given the fact that the morphological patterns of land use within its superblocks were created during the period of non-market economy in Socialism, and now it is possible to review the effect that the socio-political transition into Capitalism, which started in the 1990s, has had on its land use. As a result, a data base with the typology of residential super-blocks of New Belgrade is created: from the perspective of urban land use there are four main morphological types (with the subtypes) taking into account the morphology of the position of the buildings on the terrain, and traffic (cars-pedestrian) flows. The morphogenetic analysis reveals that after the 1990s there are processes pointing to powerful influence of land policy driven by private interests. Research findings suggest that nowadays there are negative trends of using the land in super-blocks in New Belgrade - e.g. percentage of land occupancy by buildings is getting bigger and almost 100% of the un-built soil in the newly developed super-blocks is covered /paved.

scholarly journals Measuring urban form: Overcoming terminological inconsistencies for a quantitative and comprehensive morphologic analysis of cities

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832091044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Fleischmann ◽  
Ombretta Romice ◽  
Sergio Porta
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Social Patterns ◽  
The Impact

Unprecedented urbanisation processes characterise the Great Acceleration, urging urban researchers to make sense of data analysis in support of evidence-based and large-scale decision-making. Urban morphologists are no exception since the impact of urban form on fundamental natural and social patterns (equity, prosperity and resource consumption’s efficiency) is now fully acknowledged. However, urban morphology is still far from offering a comprehensive and reliable framework for quantitative analysis. Despite remarkable progress since its emergence in the late 1950s, the discipline still exhibits significant terminological inconsistencies with regards to the definition of the fundamental components of urban form, which prevents the establishment of objective models for measuring it. In this article, we present a study of existing methods for measuring urban form, with a focus on terminological inconsistencies, and propose a systematic and comprehensive framework to classify urban form characters, where ‘urban form character’ stands for a characteristic (or feature) of one kind of urban form that distinguishes it from another kind. In particular, we introduce the Index of Elements that allows for a univocal and non-interpretive description of urban form characters. Based on such Index of Elements, we develop a systematic classification of urban form according to six categories (dimension, shape, spatial distribution, intensity, connectivity and diversity) and three conceptual scales (small, medium, large) based on two definitions of scale (extent and grain). This framework is then applied to identify and organise the urban form characters adopted in available literature to date. The resulting classification of urban form characters reveals clear gaps in existing research, in particular, in relation to the spatial distribution and diversity characters. The proposed framework reduces the current inconsistencies of urban morphology research, paving the way to enhanced methods of urban form systematic and quantitative analysis at a global scale.

scholarly journals Revenue House - architectural typology to be valorised

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Boumaza Ouafa ◽  
Bordjiba Abdelhak
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Urban Image ◽  
Complete Catalogue ◽  
The City

Abstract This research was carried out on the state of degradation of the historic core of Annaba city, Algeria. This degradation is caused by multiple factors, the most important of which is the absence of shared responsibility of public actors. The number of collapses multiplied which became a source for the creation of large office buildings with modernist tendencies, but without any architectural identity. The real estate park in downtown Annaba brings together urban entities according to various principles and logics of composition, structuring the urban image of the city of Annaba. The objective of this study is to build a complete catalogue summarizing the structures and fundamental characteristics of old buildings. Initially, this study defines all the notions linked to urban morphology and the typologies of housing. Secondly, an architectural study will be carried out on the “income house”, which represents the basic unit for the development of this historic nucleus. The typological analysis was applied to 44 buildings from the 19th and early 20th centuries located on the boulevard named “Revolution Square” in order to identify a set of common and specific criteria for the classification of “house income”.

scholarly journals On the origin of spaces: Morphometric foundations of urban form evolution

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Dibble ◽  
Alexios Prelorendjos ◽  
Ombretta Romice ◽  
Mattia Zanella ◽  
Emanuele Strano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
New Towns ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Way

The modern discipline of urban morphology gives us a ground for the comparative analysis of cities, which increasingly includes specific quantitative elements. In this paper, we make a further step forward towards the definition of a general method for the classification of urban form. We draw from morphometrics and taxonomy in life sciences to propose such method, which we name ‘urban morphometrics’. We then test it on a unit of the urban landscape named ‘Sanctuary Area’ (SA), explored in 45 cities whose origins span four historic time periods: Historic (medieval), Industrial (19th century), New Towns (post-WWII, high-rise) and Sprawl (post-WWII, low-rise). We describe each SA through 207 physical dimensions and then use these to discover features that discriminate them among the four temporal groups. Nine dimensions emerge as sufficient to correctly classify 90% of the urban settings by their historic origins. These nine attributes largely identify an area's ‘visible identity’ as reflected by three characteristics: (1) block perimeterness, or the way buildings define the street-edge; (2) building coverage, or the way buildings cover the land and (3) regular plot coverage, or the extent to which blocks are made of plots that have main access from a street. Hierarchical cluster analysis utilising only the nine key variables nearly perfectly clusters each SA according to its historic origin; moreover, the resulting dendrogram shows, just after WWII, the first ‘bifurcation’ of urban history, with the emergence of the modern city as a new ‘species’ of urban form. With ‘urban morphometrics’ we hope to extend urban morphological research and contribute to understanding the way cities evolve.

scholarly journals Identification and classification of urban micro-vulnerabilities in tsunami evacuation routes for the city of Iquique, Chile

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2027-2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Álvarez ◽  
Marco Quiroz ◽  
Jorge León ◽  
Rodrigo Cienfuegos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Evacuation Planning ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
The World ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
The City

Abstract. Many coastal cities around the world are threatened by tsunamis; some of these events have caused great impacts in recent times. The loss of human lives during these events is the main cause of concern of the authorities, and evacuation planning has been recognized as one of the best tools for safeguarding the population. In this context, urban design appears to be critical for the execution of prompt and efficient evacuation processes to safe areas; however, evacuation assessment has been traditionally carried out at a large urban scale, mostly taking into consideration urban morphology and connectivity. In the present work, urban spaces available for tsunami evacuation are explored in detail by developing a methodology to identify and classify urban micro-vulnerabilities that may reduce the capacity of the evacuation routes and hinder evacuees' safety. The method is applied to the Chilean city of Iquique, affected by an earthquake and subsequent tsunami in 2014.

scholarly journals Methodological foundation of a numerical taxonomy of urban form

2021 ◽  
pp. 239980832110598
Author(s):  
Martin Fleischmann ◽  
Alessandra Feliciotti ◽  
Ombretta Romice ◽  
Sergio Porta
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Numerical Taxonomy ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Voronoi Tessellation ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Morphological Studies

Cities are complex products of human culture, characterised by a startling diversity of visible traits. Their form is constantly evolving, reflecting changing human needs and local contingencies, manifested in space by many urban patterns. Urban morphology laid the foundation for understanding many such patterns, largely relying on qualitative research methods to extract distinct spatial identities of urban areas. However, the manual, labour-intensive and subjective nature of such approaches represents an impediment to the development of a scalable, replicable and data-driven urban form characterisation. Recently, advances in geographic data science and the availability of digital mapping products open the opportunity to overcome such limitations. And yet, our current capacity to systematically capture the heterogeneity of spatial patterns remains limited in terms of spatial parameters included in the analysis and hardly scalable due to the highly labour-intensive nature of the task. In this paper, we present a method for numerical taxonomy of urban form derived from biological systematics, which allows the rigorous detection and classification of urban types. Initially, we produce a rich numerical characterisation of urban space from minimal data input, minimising limitations due to inconsistent data quality and availability. These are street network, building footprint and morphological tessellation, a spatial unit derivative of Voronoi tessellation, obtained from building footprints. Hence, we derive homogeneous urban tissue types and, by determining overall morphological similarity between them, generate a hierarchical classification of urban form. After framing and presenting the method, we test it on two cities – Prague and Amsterdam – and discuss potential applications and further developments. The proposed classification method represents a step towards the development of an extensive, scalable numerical taxonomy of urban form and opens the way to more rigorous comparative morphological studies and explorations into the relationship between urban space and phenomena as diverse as environmental performance, health and place attractiveness.

scholarly journals A Classification of Multidimensional Open Data for Urban Morphology

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Alexiou ◽  
Alex Singleton ◽  
Paul A. Longley
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Urban Morphology

scholarly journals Identification and classification of urban micro-vulnerabilities in tsunami evacuation routes for the city of Iquique, Chile

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Álvarez ◽  
Marco Quiroz ◽  
Jorge León ◽  
Rodrigo Cienfuegos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Evacuation Planning ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
The World ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
The City

Abstract. Many coastal cities around the world are threatened by tsunamis; some of these events have caused great impacts in recent times. The loss of human lives is the main cause of concern of the authorities, and evacuation planning has been recognized as one of the best tools for safeguarding the population. In this context, urban design appears to be critical for the execution of prompt and efficient evacuation processes to safe areas; however, evacuation assessment has been traditionally carried out at a large urban scale, mostly taking into consideration urban morphology and connectivity. In the present work, urban spaces available for tsunami evacuation are explored in detail by developing a methodology to identify and classify urban micro-vulnerabilities that may reduce the capacity of the evacuation routes and hinder evacuees’ safety. The method is applied to the Chilean city of Iquique, affected by an earthquake and subsequent tsunami in 2014.

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