scholarly journals Issues in access to safe drinking water and basic hygiene for persons with physical disabilities in rural Cambodia

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin MacLeod ◽  
Mala Pann ◽  
Ray Cantwell ◽  
Spencer Moore
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Barriers To Access

An estimated 1.6 million people die from diarrheal diseases each year due to lack of access to safe water and sanitation, and persons with physical disabilities face additional barriers. In Cambodia, approximately 5% of the population is disabled, presenting substantial obstacles in accessing these basic services. The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to identify the challenges facing persons with physical disabilities in accessing safe household water and basic hygiene in rural Cambodia; and, second, to use these results to generate policy and practice recommendations for the water and sanitation hygiene sector implementing water treatment system interventions in rural settings. Fifteen field interviews were conducted with persons with physical disabilities. Thematic analysis was used to identify six main themes. The results indicated that environmental barriers to access were greater in the workplace than household settings and those persons with disabilities had greater awareness about safe drinking water compared to basic hygiene. Additionally, lack of physical strength, distance to water, and lack of financial means were noted as common access barriers. The findings support ongoing research and offer insight into the particular challenges facing persons with physical disabilities in rural areas in accessing safe drinking water and basic hygiene.

Access to potable water and sanitation in Cameroon within the context of Millennium Development Goals (MDGS)

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1317-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ako Ako ◽  
Jun Shimada ◽  
Gloria Eneke Takem Eyong ◽  
Wilson Yetoh Fantong
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Development Goals

Cameroon has been fully engaged with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) since their inception in 2000. This paper examines the situation of access to potable water and sanitation in Cameroon within the context of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), establishes whether Cameroon is on the track of meeting the MDGs in these domains and proposes actions to be taken to bring it closer to these objectives. Based on analyzed data obtained from national surveys, government ministries, national statistical offices, bibliographic research, reports and interviews, it argues that Cameroon will not reach the water and sanitation MGDs. While Cameroon is not yet on track to meet the targets of the MDGs for water and sanitation, it has made notable progress since 1990, much more needs to be done to improve the situation, especially in rural areas. In 2006, 70% of the population had access to safe drinking water and the coverage in urban centres is 88%, significantly better than the 47% in rural areas. However, rapid urbanization has rendered existing infrastructure inadequate with periurban dwellers also lacking access to safe drinking water. Sanitation coverage is also poor. In urban areas only 58% of the population has access to improved sanitation facilities, and the rate in rural areas is 42%. Women and girls shoulder the largest burden in collecting water, 15% of urban and 18% rural populations use improved drinking water sources over 30 minutes away. Cameroon faces the following challenges in reaching the water and sanitation MDGs: poor management and development of the resources, coupled with inadequate political will and commitment for the long term; rapid urbanization; urban and rural poverty and regulation and legislative lapses. The authors propose that: bridging the gap between national water policies and water services; recognizing the role played by Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in the attainment of MDGs; developing a Council Water Resource Management Policy and Strategy (CWARMPS); organizing an institutional framework for the water and sanitation sector as well as completion and implementation of an Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) plan, would bring Cameroon closer to the water and sanitation MDGs.

scholarly journals An exploration of multilevel modeling for estimating access to drinking-water and sanitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennyfer Wolf ◽  
Sophie Bonjour ◽  
Annette Prüss-Ustün
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Monitoring progress towards the targets for access to safe drinking-water and sanitation under the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) requires reliable estimates and indicators. We analyzed trends and reviewed current indicators used for those targets. We developed continuous time series for 1990 to 2015 for access to improved drinking-water sources and improved sanitation facilities by country using multilevel modeling (MLM). We show that MLM is a reliable and transparent tool with many advantages over alternative approaches to estimate access to facilities. Using current indicators, the MDG target for water would be met, but the target for sanitation missed considerably. The number of people without access to such services is still increasing in certain regions. Striking differences persist between urban and rural areas. Consideration of water quality and different classification of shared sanitation facilities would, however, alter estimates considerably. To achieve improved monitoring we propose: (1) considering the use of MLM as an alternative for estimating access to safe drinking-water and sanitation; (2) completing regular assessments of water quality and supporting the development of national regulatory frameworks as part of capacity development; (3) evaluating health impacts of shared sanitation; (4) using a more equitable presentation of countries' performances in providing improved services.

scholarly journals The association between the lack of safe drinking water and sanitation facilities with intestinal Entamoeba spp infection risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0237102
Author(s):  
Hamid Atabati ◽  
Hamid Kassiri ◽  
Ehsan Shamloo ◽  
Mitra Akbari ◽  
Ali Atamaleki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation

Status and Prospects of Rural Drinking Water in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
Zhen Hua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Industrial Pollution ◽  
Water System ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Drinking Water System

Safe drinking water in rural areas in china was worried about, and was very urgent.Table 2 shows that more than 320 million people living in rural areas drank unhealthy water in 2004, there were 90.84 million rural residents in 2004 drinking contaminated water in china. Contaminated water became the main reason of unsafe drinking water in rural areas,coming from industrial pollution and agricultural pollution. At the same time, emergency exacerbating crisis of rural drinking water, especially rising incidents of industrial pollution. china plans to provide safe drinking water for rural residents in rural areas, through financial investment and policy support, and improves rural safe drinking water system.

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