A study on appropriate investment of pipeline rehabilitation for water distribution network

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
A. Asakura ◽  
A. Koizumi ◽  
O. Odanagi ◽  
H. Watanabe ◽  
T. Inakazu
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Basis ◽  
Model Case

In Japan most of the water distribution networks were constructed during the 1960s to 1970s. Since these pipelines were used for a long period, pipeline rehabilitation is necessary to maintain water supply. Although investment for pipeline rehabilitation has to be planned in terms of cost-effectiveness, no standard method has been established because pipelines were replaced on emergency and ad hoc basis in the past. In this paper, a method to determine the maintenance of the water supply on an optimal basis with a fixed budget for a water distribution network is proposed. Firstly, a method to quantify the benefits of pipeline rehabilitation is examined. Secondly, two models using Integer Programming and Monte Carlo simulation to maximize the benefits of pipeline rehabilitation with limited budget were considered, and they are applied to a model case and a case study. Based on these studies, it is concluded that the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the appropriate investment for the pipeline rehabilitation planning is both convenient and practical.

scholarly journals Influence Analysis on Earthquake Damage of Water Distribution Network by Monte Carlo Simulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. III_457-III_465
Author(s):  
Takaharu KUNIZANE ◽  
Toyono INAKAZU ◽  
Akira KOIZUMI ◽  
Yasuhiro ARAI ◽  
Kiyokazu SATO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Influence Analysis

Determination of Neutral Point in Water Distribution Network Pipes with Variable Discharge on Route

2014 ◽  
Vol 909 ◽  
pp. 428-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan Sarbu ◽  
Gabriel Ostafe
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Neutral Point ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Proposed Model

Distribution networks are an essential part of all water supply systems. Distribution system costs within any water supply scheme may be equal to or greater than 60% of the entire cost of the project. The reliability of supply is much greater in the case of looped networks. The pipe networks have concentrated outflows or uniform outflow along the length of each pipe. In some pipes with variable discharge of a looped distribution network, water velocity could be reversed between its extremities. Thus, it is a water stall point denominated neutral point in which the discharge is null. In this paper a mathematical model for the determination of water stall point location in the pipes with distributed consumption is developed. This model has been implemented in a computer program for PC microsystems. Numerical example will be presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model.

scholarly journals Flood impacts on a water distribution network

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2109-2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Arrighi ◽  
Fabio Tarani ◽  
Enrico Vicario ◽  
Fabio Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Functional Dependencies ◽  
Flood Impacts

Abstract. Floods cause damage to people, buildings and infrastructures. Water distribution systems are particularly exposed, since water treatment plants are often located next to the rivers. Failure of the system leads to both direct losses, for instance damage to equipment and pipework contamination, and indirect impact, since it may lead to service disruption and thus affect populations far from the event through the functional dependencies of the network. In this work, we present an analysis of direct and indirect damages on a drinking water supply system, considering the hazard of riverine flooding as well as the exposure and vulnerability of active system components. The method is based on interweaving, through a semi-automated GIS procedure, a flood model and an EPANET-based pipe network model with a pressure-driven demand approach, which is needed when modelling water distribution networks in highly off-design conditions. Impact measures are defined and estimated so as to quantify service outage and potential pipe contamination. The method is applied to the water supply system of the city of Florence, Italy, serving approximately 380 000 inhabitants. The evaluation of flood impact on the water distribution network is carried out for different events with assigned recurrence intervals. Vulnerable elements exposed to the flood are identified and analysed in order to estimate their residual functionality and to simulate failure scenarios. Results show that in the worst failure scenario (no residual functionality of the lifting station and a 500-year flood), 420 km of pipework would require disinfection with an estimated cost of EUR 21 million, which is about 0.5 % of the direct flood losses evaluated for buildings and contents. Moreover, if flood impacts on the water distribution network are considered, the population affected by the flood is up to 3 times the population directly flooded.

scholarly journals Optimal placement of valves in a water distribution network with CLP(FD)

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 731-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASSIMILIANO CATTAFI ◽  
MARCO GAVANELLI ◽  
MADDALENA NONATO ◽  
STEFANO ALVISI ◽  
MARCO FRANCHINI
Keyword(s):  
Logic Programming ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Constraint Logic Programming ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Isolation System

AbstractThis paper presents a new application of logic programming to a real-life problem in hydraulic engineering. The work is developed as a collaboration of computer scientists and hydraulic engineers, and applies Constraint Logic Programming to solve a hard combinatorial problem. This application deals with one aspect of the design of a water distribution network, i.e., the valve isolation system design. We take the formulation of the problem by Giustolisi and Savić (2008 Optimal design of isolation valve system for water distribution networks. InProceedings of the 10th Annual Water Distribution Systems Analysis Conference WDSA2008, J. Van Zyl, A. Ilemobade, and H. Jacobs, Eds.) and show how, thanks to constraint propagation, we can get better solutions than the best solution known in the literature for the Apulian distribution network. We believe that the area of the so-calledhydroinformaticscan benefit from the techniques developed in Constraint Logic Programming and possibly from other areas of logic programming, such as Answer Set Programming.

scholarly journals Proposal of optimal operation strategy applied to water distribution network with statistical approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alex Takeo Yasumura Lima Silva ◽  
Fernando Das Graças Braga da Silva ◽  
André Carlos da Silva ◽  
José Antonio Tosta dos Reis ◽  
Claudio Lindemberg de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Computational Optimization ◽  
Depth Analysis

 Inefficiency of sanitation companies’ operation procedures threatens the population’s future supplies. Thus, it is essential to increase water and energy efficiency in order to meet future demand. Optimization techniques are important tools for the analysis of complex problems, as in distribution networks for supply. Currently, genetic algorithms are recognized by their application in literature. In this regard, an optimization model of water distribution network is proposed, using genetic algorithms. The difference in this research is a methodology based on in-depth analysis of results, using statistics and the design of experimental tools and software. The proposed technique was applied to a theoretical network developed for the study. Preliminary simulations were accomplished using EPANET, representing the main causes of water and energy inefficiency in Brazilian sanitation companies. Some parameters were changed in applying this model, such as reservoir level, pipe diameter, pumping pressures, and valve-closing percentage. These values were established by the design of experimental techniques. As output, we obtained the equation of response surface, optimized, which resulted in values of established hydraulic parameters. From these data, the obtained parameters in computational optimization algorithms were applied, resulting in losses of 26.61%, improvement of 16.19 p.p. with regard to the network without optimization, establishing an operational strategy involving three pumps and a pressure-reducing valve.  We conclude that the association of optimization and the planning of experimental techniques constitutes an encouraging method to deal with the complexity of water-distribution network optimization.

scholarly journals Appraisal of water quality indices for service reservoirs in water distribution networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 1606-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Nyirenda ◽  
T. T. Tanyimboh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Water Quality Indices ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Pollution Loads

Abstract The use of water quality indices to aggregate pollution loads in rivers has been widely studied, with researchers using various sub-indices and aggregation methods. These have been used to combine various quality variables at a sampling point in a river into an overall water quality index to compare the state of water quality in different river reaches. Service reservoirs in a water distribution network, like rivers, have complex mixing mechanisms, are subjected to various water quality variables and are variably sized and sited. Water quality indices and the relevant sub-indices are formulated here and applied to service reservoirs within a water distribution network. This is in an attempt to compare holistically the performance of service reservoirs in solutions of optimisation algorithms with regards to water quality.

scholarly journals A Framework for Identifying the Critical Region in Water Distribution Network for Reinforcement Strategy from Preparation Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9247
Author(s):  
Mingyuan Zhang ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Yuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Hydraulic Control ◽  
Urban Function ◽  
Network Disruption ◽  
Critical Regions

Water distribution networks (WDNs), an interconnected collection of hydraulic control elements, are susceptible to a small disturbance that may induce unbalancing flows within a WDN and trigger large-scale losses and secondary failures. Identifying critical regions in a water distribution network (WDN) to formulate a scientific reinforcement strategy is significant for improving the resilience when network disruption occurs. This paper proposes a framework that identifies critical regions within WDNs, based on the three metrics that integrate the characteristics of WDNs with an external service function; the criticality of urban function zones, nodal supply water level and water shortage. Then, the identified critical regions are reinforced to minimize service loss due to disruptions. The framework was applied for a WDN in Dalian, China, as a case study. The results showed the framework efficiently identified critical regions required for effective WDN reinforcements. In addition, this study shows that the attributes of urban function zones play an important role in the distribution of water shortage and service loss of each region.

scholarly journals Sensor placement for leak detection and location in water distribution networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 795-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sarrate ◽  
J. Blesa ◽  
F. Nejjari ◽  
J. Quevedo
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Sensor Configuration ◽  
Leak Detection And Location

The performance of a leak detection and location algorithm depends on the set of measurements that are available in the network. This work presents an optimization strategy that maximizes the leak diagnosability performance of the network. The goal is to characterize and determine a sensor configuration that guarantees a maximum degree of diagnosability while the sensor configuration cost satisfies a budgetary constraint. To efficiently handle the complexity of the distribution network an efficient branch and bound search strategy based on a structural model is used. However, in order to reduce even more the size and the complexity of the problem the present work proposes to combine this methodology with clustering techniques. The strategy developed in this work is successfully applied to determine the optimal set of pressure sensors that should be installed in a District Metered Area in the Barcelona water distribution network.

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