Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) in water purification plants (WPPs) with advanced treatment processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Shivakoti ◽  
S. Fujii ◽  
M. Nozoe ◽  
S. Tanaka ◽  
C. Kunacheva
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Perfluorinated Chemicals

A series of perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) surveys were conducted in two water purification plants (WPPs) having ozonation and granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration processes. In each plant, six different processes samples (source water, influent, coagulation-sedimentation effluent, ozonation effluent, GAC filtration effluent, and final tap water) were collected for two times and eight PFCs were measured. The results showed that seven kinds of PFCs (PFHxS, PFOS, PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, and PFUnDA) were detected in both plants with concentration range of 0.5–53.5 ng L−1, while the range of total concentration of all seven PFCs was 31–90 ng L−1. All detected PFCs were not removed effectively in both dates but removal was observed to some extent for certain PFCs (PFNA, PFDA, PFOS, and PFUnDA) by GAC filtration tank.

Simultaneous ozone and granular activated carbon for advanced treatment of micropollutants in municipal wastewater effluent

Chemosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooman Vatankhah ◽  
Stephanie M. Riley ◽  
Conner Murray ◽  
Oscar Quiñones ◽  
K. Xerxes Steirer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
Advanced Treatment

scholarly journals Effects of Backwashing on Granular Activated Carbon with Ammonium Removal Potential in a Full-Scale Drinking Water Purification Plant

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Niu ◽  
Ikuro Kasuga ◽  
Futoshi Kurisu ◽  
Hiroaki Furumai
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drinking Water Purification ◽  
Purification Plant

Granular activated carbon (GAC) has been widely introduced to advanced drinking water purification plants to remove organic matter and ammonium. Backwashing, which is the routine practice for GAC maintenance, is an important operational factor influencing the performance of GAC and its microbial biomass. In this study, the effects of backwashing on the ammonium removal potential of GAC were evaluated. In addition, abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) on GAC were analyzed. GAC samples before and after backwashing were collected from a full-scale drinking water purification plant. Samplings were conducted before and after implementation of prechlorination of raw water. The results showed that the ammonium removal potential of the GAC increased by 12% after backwashing before prechlorination (p < 0.01). After implementing the prechlorination, the ammonium removal potential of the GAC decreased by 12% even after backwashing (p < 0.01). The AOA was predominant on the GAC in the two samplings. Regardless of prechlorination, the amounts of the AOA and the AOB remained at the same level before and after backwashing. Analysis of the backwashing water indicated that the amounts of the AOA and AOB washed out from the GAC were negligible (0.08%–0.26%) compared with their original amounts on the GAC. These results revealed the marginal role of backwashing on the biomass of ammonia oxidizers on GAC. However, the results also revealed that backwashing could have a negative impact on the ammonium removal potential of GAC during prechlorination.

scholarly journals CARVÃO ATIVADO GRANULAR IMPREGNADO COM ZINCO PARA REMOÇÃO DE BACTÉRIAS DA ÁGUA PARA CONSUMO HUMANO

e-xacta ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Flávia Sayuri Arakawa ◽  
Quelen Letícia Shimabuku ◽  
Priscila Ferri Coldebella ◽  
Franciele Pereira Camacho ◽  
Fernando Alves Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Drinking Water Purification ◽  
Filter Bed

<p align="justify">O carvão ativado granular impregnado com zinco (C/Zn) foi avaliado em relação à atividade antibacteriana para eliminação de micro-organismos na purificação de água para consumo humano. Os meios filtrantes produzidos a partir de C/Zn foram caracterizados através de técnicas instrumentais como análises de BET e difração de raios-X (DRX) para determinar a distribuição de poros e área superficial e as fases estruturais, respectivamente. Experimentos foram realizados em um sistema doméstico de purificação de água utilizando filtros com leito de carvão ativado granular sem impregnação e com impregnação de zinco nas concentrações de 1,0, 3,0, 5,0 e 10,0% (m/m). A atividade antibacteriana dos meios filtrantes foi avaliada em relação à eficiência de remoção de bactérias Escherichia coli da água. Foram preparadas soluções sintéticas com água deionizada contaminada artificialmente com uma concentração aproximada entre 1,0x105 a 9,0x106 UFC/100mL de Escherichia coli. Assim a eficiência bacteriológica dos meios filtrantes com C/Zn foi superior com o aumento da concentração de zinco impregnado no carvão ativado. O filtro com leito de carvão ativado impregnado com 10% de zinco apresentou a maior eficiência com remoção de Escherichia coli superior a 99% e melhorando a qualidade bacteriológica da água para consumo humano.</p><p align="justify">Abstract</p><p align="justify">Granular activated carbon impregnated with zinc (C/Zn) was evaluated for the antibacterial activity for elimination of micro-organisms in drinking water purification. The filter media produced from C/Zn were characterized by instrumental techniques such as the BET analyzes and x-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the pore distribution and surface area and structural phases, respectively. Experiments were performed in a household water purification system using filters with granular activated carbon bed without impregnation and impregnation with zinc in concentrations of 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0% (w/w). The antibacterial activity of the filter media was evaluated regarding to the removal efficiency of bacteria Escherichia coli of water. Synthetic solutions were prepared with deionized water contaminated artificially with an approximate concentration of 1.0 x105 to 9.0 x106 CFU/100mL of Escherichia coli. The efficiency bacteriological efficiency bacteriological of filter media with C/Zn was higher with increasing concentration of zinc impregnated on activated carbon.The filter bed of activated carbon impregnated with 10% of zinc showed the highest efficiency with removal of bacterial Escherichia coli higher than 98% and improving the bacteriological quality of drinking water.</p>

scholarly journals Screening of organic micropollutants in raw and drinking water in the Yangtze River Delta, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanwei Ren ◽  
Rikard Tröger ◽  
Lutz Ahrens ◽  
Karin Wiberg ◽  
Daqiang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Drinking Water Safety

Abstract Background The vast occurrence of organic micropollutants in surface waters has raised concerns about drinking water safety and public health. The Tai Hu Basin region in China, a typical developing and populous area, is facing the challenge of water pollution. To ensure drinking water safety, the knowledge on how treatment techniques and raw water quality affect the quality of finished water must be improved. The aim of the current study was to evaluate drinking water quality in relation to source water origin and treatment strategies. Five drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), using three different source waters in the Tai Hu River Basin, (i) Yangtze River, (ii) Wetland River Network, and (iii) Lake Tai Hu, were studied by analyzing 291 micropollutants in raw and finished water.Results Major differences in water characteristics were observed among the source waters. The dominating group of micropollutants in the River Network was pesticides, while Yangtze was mainly polluted by flame retardants. The total concentration of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Tai Hu water was far higher than in others. In total, 51 compounds were detected in finished water, with an overall average total concentration of 730 ± 160 ng L -1 . The removal efficiency of the detected compounds in the DWTPs averaged 24 ± 149%, which highlights the major challenge for the DWTPs to remove emerging organic micropollutants through current treatment processes.Conclusions Our study showed that if the source water contains high levels of PFASs and organophosphorus flame retardants, even advanced treatment procedures are inefficient in removing the micropollutants, and the finished water may contain cumulative levels in the mg L -1 range. On the other hand, if pesticides and pharmaceuticals dominate, high overall treatment efficiencies may be obtained if using advanced treatment techniques. DWTPs are advised to use advanced treatment techniques or alternative water sources to guarantee the safety of drinking water. As surface water systems are highly impacted by upstream activities, efforts should also be made in the comprehensive water sector for improved surface water quality.

Graphene, electrospun membranes and granular activated carbon for eliminating heavy metals, pesticides and bacteria in water and wastewater treatment processes

The Analyst ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (23) ◽  
pp. 5629-5645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piumie Rajapaksha P. ◽  
Aoife Power ◽  
Shaneel Chandra ◽  
James Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Electrospun Membranes ◽  
Water And Wastewater

The availability of safe water has a significant impact on all parts of society, its growth and sustainability, both politically and socioeconomically.

Biocompatible nano hydroxyapatite – curcumin bi-coated antibacterial activated carbon for water purification

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (79) ◽  
pp. 64696-64703 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Malsha Udayakantha ◽  
Rohini M. de Silva ◽  
K. M. Nalin de Silva ◽  
Chamari Hettiarachchi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Biocompatible Material ◽  
Ancient Times

Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) has been used for water purification since ancient times due to its well-known sorption properties. Nano HAP-curcumin bi-coated GAC is a novel and biocompatible material with inbuilt antibacterial properties.

scholarly journals Application of double filtration with granular activated carbon for Atrazine reduction on water treatment processes

DYNA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (205) ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
Lina Marcela Fuentes-López ◽  
Claudia Patricia Amézquita-Marroquín ◽  
Patricia Torres-Lozada
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Double Filtration

La Atrazina es uno de los herbicidas de mayor aplicación en el mundo, ingresa a los cuerpos de agua superficial por escorrentía, aplicación directa o dispersión aérea. Los métodos de tratamiento convencional de agua no remueven eficientemente este tipo de contaminantes, mientras que la adsorción con Carbón Activado Granular (CAG), es una técnica apropiada para la remoción de compuestos orgánicos del agua. En este trabajo, se evaluó la reducción de Atrazina de un agua dopada con dos concentraciones Atrazina, durante el proceso de tratamiento convencional (coagulación, floculación, sedimentación y filtración con arena y antracita) seguido de una doble filtración con dos medios adsorbentes granulares (CAG de origen Vegetal y Mineral), la cual permitió obtener una eficiente reducción de UV254 (86%) y Atrazina (99%).

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