scholarly journals Studying the effect of design parameters on riverbank filtration performance for drinking water supply in Egypt: a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Mamdouh ◽  
Rifaat Abdel Wahaab ◽  
Abdelkawi Khalifa ◽  
Ezzat Elalfy
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Pumping Rate ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Ultimate Objective

Abstract Riverbank filtration (RBF) is an affordable technique to provide drinking water with adequate quality. The ultimate objective of this study is to facilitate the transferability and application of this sustainable technique in Egypt. In this work, a numerical model was constructed using Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) to study the effect of four design parameters on the RBF performance parameters (i.e., river filtrate portion and travel time) with the aid of MODPATH and ZONEBUDGET. The design parameters were; (1) the pumping rates of the RBF wells, (2) number of operating wells, (3) distance between wells and the river, and (4) the spacing between wells. This study was focused on the hydraulic aspects of the technique. The results demonstrated that; (1) the river filtrate portion exceeds 75% regardless the design conditions. (2) The hydraulic performance of RBF technique is highly controlled by the production capacity of the wells and their positions relative to the surface water systems; the spacing between wells has a minimum effect. Two equations were developed to estimate the river filtrate portion and minimum travel time as functions of pumping rate and distance between the pumping well and the river.

scholarly journals Hydraulic performance of riverbank filtration: case study West Sohag, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Shebl ◽  
Rifaat Abdel Wahaab ◽  
Iman Elazizy ◽  
Mona Hagras
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hydraulic Performance ◽  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Egyptian Government ◽  
Pretreatment Technology

Abstract Riverbank Filtration (RBF) Technology has been found to be a safe, renewable, sustainable, and cost-effective drinking water treatment or pretreatment technology. The Egyptian government has recently turned to riverbank filtration to conserve drinking and industrial water at a lower cost and higher efficiency. The study aims to assess the hydraulic performance of the riverbank filtration system in west Sohag, Egypt. MODFLOW and MODPATH 10.2.3 were used under the platform of Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) to construct a hydraulic groundwater flow model to simulate the flow of the riverbank filtration system. Six pumping rates with two scenarios were conducted to investigate the system's hydraulic performance. Water samples were collected from the Nile River, abstraction wells, and groundwater to characterize the water quality. The results indicated that the application of riverbank filtration is promising due to the significant hydraulic connection between the Nile and the aquifer. However, the system hydraulic aspects should be taken into consideration during the design phase as they may affect the RBF hydraulic performance and its efficiency. It became apparent how effective RBF is at eliminating pathogens and suspended solids. Infiltrated water, on the other hand, has higher iron and manganese amounts than the Nile water.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Performance of Bank Filtration for Water Supply in Arid Climates: Case Study in Egypt

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdelrady ◽  
Saroj Sharma ◽  
Ahmed Sefelnasr ◽  
Mustafa El-Rawy ◽  
Maria Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Bank Filtration ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Pumping Rate ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Long Time ◽  
One Year

Bank filtration (BF) is acknowledged as a sustainable and effective technique to provide drinking water of adequate quality; it has been known for a long time in Europe. However, this technique is site-specific and therefore its application in developing countries with different hydrologic and environment conditions remains limited. In this research, a 3-discipline study was performed to evaluate the feasibility of the application of this technique in Aswan City (Egypt). Firstly, a hydrological model was developed to identify key environmental factors that influence the effectiveness of BF, and to formulate plans for the design and management of the BF system. Secondly, water samples were collected for one year (January 2017 to December 2017) from the water sources and monitoring wells to characterize the bank-filtrate quality. Lastly, an economic study was conducted to compare the capital and operating costs of BF and the existing treatment techniques. The results demonstrated that there is high potential for application of BF under such hydrological and environmental conditions. However, there are some aspects that could restrict the BF efficacy and must therefore be considered during the design process. These include the following: (i) Over-pumping practices can reduce travel time, and thus decrease the efficiency of treatment; (ii) Locating the wells near the surface water systems (<50 m) decreases the travel time to the limit (<10 days), and thus could restrict the treatment capacity. In such case, a low pumping rate must be applied; (iii) the consequences of lowering the surface water level can be regulated through the continuous operation of the wells. Furthermore, laboratory analysis indicated that BF is capable of producing high quality drinking water. However, an increase in organic matter (i.e., humics) concentration was observed in the pumped water, which increases the risk of trihalomethanes being produced if post-chlorination is implemented. The economic study ultimately demonstrated that BF is an economic and sustainable technique for implementation in Aswan City to address the demand for potable water.

scholarly journals Sustainable groundwater modeling using single- and multi-objective optimization algorithms

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sadeghi-Tabas ◽  
S. Z. Samadi ◽  
A. Akbarpour ◽  
M. Pourreza-Bilondi
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Pumping Rate ◽  
Optimization Simulation ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Management Alternatives

This study presents the first attempt to link the multi-algorithm genetically adaptive search method (AMALGAM) with a groundwater model to define pumping rates within a well distributed set of Pareto solutions. The pumping rates along with three minimization objectives, i.e. minimizing shortage affected by the failure to supply, modified shortage index and minimization of extent of drawdown within prespecified regions, were chosen to define an optimal solution for groundwater drawdown and subsidence. Hydraulic conductivity, specific yield parameters of a modular three-dimensional finite-difference (MODFLOW) groundwater model were first optimized using Cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA) by minimizing the sum of absolute deviation between the observed and simulated water table depths. These parameters were then applied in AMALGAM to optimize the pumping rate variables for an arid groundwater system in Iran. The Pareto parameter sets yielded satisfactory results when maximum and minimum drawdowns of the aquifer were defined in a range of −40 to +40 cm/year. Overall, ‘Modelling – Optimization – Simulation’ procedure was capable to compute a set of optimal solutions displayed on a Pareto front. The proposed optimal solution provides sustainable groundwater management alternatives to decision makers in arid region.

scholarly journals Study of the Dynamic Loading Impact on the Design of Pentices when Sinking Vertical Mine Shafts

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 01016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Pershin ◽  
Aleksandr Kopytov ◽  
Fadeev Yuriy ◽  
Wetti Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
State Technical ◽  
Mine Shaft ◽  
Shaft Sinking ◽  
Reconstruction Project ◽  
Reconstruction Period ◽  
The Impact

Based on the reconstruction project for Gorno-Shorsky branch of JSC “Evrazruda” developed by JSC “Giproruda” to maintain the enterprise’s production capacity of 6 million tons per year, the shaft “Skipovoy” should be sunk from the level of 115 m to the level of 85 m. Due to the fact that the reconstruction period was to be shortened, the employees of LLC “SibGorComplex Engineering” together with the Underground and Mine Construction Department of T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University developed several variants of new design of wedge pentices for vertical mine shaft sinking under hoisting operations. The results of studies of the dynamic loading impact on the design of safety devices in skip shaft sinking are presented in the article. Based on the method of designing the force action essentials for the emergency skip dumping, the functions allowing determining the value of the impact on the main structural elements of pentices completely bridging over the shaft cross-section that can be used to substantiate the design parameters of new wedge pentices.

Riverbank filtration for drinking water supply - a proven method, perfect to face today's challenges

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Irmscher ◽  
I. Teermann
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Bank Filtration ◽  
Proven Method

Hygiene standards and parasites have been a special focus of drinking water utilities for several years. In this context the development of new, high-tech water treatment methods is often taken into consideration. However, we have been applying riverbank filtration as an inexpensive, natural method in Düsseldorf for over 130 years. Indeed it had been introduced for “hygiene reasons” at the time and, according to our experience, riverbank filtration is well suited to meet these “new” hygiene challenges. We have intensively examined the infiltration of river water into the aquifer. We view this core process as the prerequisite for the sustained function of riverbank filtration. It is closely linked with the retention of turbid matters in the riverbed and the shearing forces on the subsurface. In addition, we have investigated the effectiveness of bank filtration as regards the elimination of microorganisms over recent years. According to these examinations, bacteria are reduced by an average of 3 log orders by bank filtration; individual breakthroughs correlate with high water events. According to our measurements Giardia and Cryptosporidium have been completely eliminated in riverbank passage. The retention of three examined types of viruses was also found to be almost completely accomplished.

Estimated costs of implementation of membrane processes for on-site greywater recycling

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2949-2956 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Humeau ◽  
F. Hourlier ◽  
G. Bulteau ◽  
A. Massé ◽  
P. Jaouen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Membrane Processes ◽  
Submerged Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
The Cost

Greywater reuse inside buildings is a possible way to preserve water resources and face up to water scarcity. This study is focused on a technical-economic analysis of greywater treatment by a direct nanofiltration (NF) process or by a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) for on-site recycling. The aim of this paper is to analyse the cost of recycled water for two different configurations (50 and 500 inhabitants) in order to demonstrate the relevance of the implementation of membrane processes for greywater recycling, depending on the production capacity of the equipment and the price of drinking water. The first step was to define a method to access the description of the cost of producing recycled water. The direct costs were defined as a sum of fixed costs due to equipment, maintenance and depreciation, and variable costs generated by chemical products and electricity consumptions. They were estimated from an experimental approach and from data found in literature, enabling operating conditions for greywater recycling to be determined. The cost of treated water by a SMBR unit with a processing capacity of 500 persons is close to 4.40 € m−3, while the cost is 4.81 € m−3 with a NF process running in the same conditions. These costs are similar to the price of drinking water in some European countries.

A case study of the Flex LNG/Rift Oil floating LNG project in Papua New Guinea

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Peter Dighton
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Fiscal Regime ◽  
Project Structure

Flex LNG Limited is a producer of units for the production, storage and off-take of liquefied natural gas (LNG). It currently has four of these units committed for construction by Samsung Heavy Industries in Korea, utilising the SPB LNG containment system. The world’s first floating liquefaction unit will be delivered to Flex in 2012. Floating LNG facilities have unique potential for monetising uncommitted gas reserves. In June 2008 Flex and Rift PLC entered into a co-operation agreement under which they agreed to work together to develop a floating liquefaction project offshore Papua New Guinea (PNG). The project will utilise Rift’s gas reserves and one of Flex LNG’s floating liquefaction units. Annual production capacity will be 1.5 million tonnes of LNG and start-up is targetted for 2012. The paper will be a case study of this project including: critical path, project structure and contractual matrix, upstream reserves and facilities, feed gas quantity and quality, pipeline issues and, key design parameters and liquefaction operations for the LNG producer. The paper will also cover: direct and indirect stakeholders in the project; economics and financing; PNG-specific issues such as geography, permitting, fiscal regime, local employment opportunities, marine conditions, infrastructure and sovereign risk; LNG demand in the Pacific and LNG marketing and off-take arrangements.

scholarly journals Serological responses to Cryptosporidium antigens among women using riverbank-filtered water, conventionally filtered surface water and groundwater in Hungary

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floyd Frost ◽  
Tim Muller ◽  
Gunther Craun ◽  
Kádár Mihály ◽  
Berencsi György ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Confined Aquifer ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intensity Of Response

We compared serological responses to Cryptosporidium parvum antigens using surplus sera from females undergoing routine screening for pregnancy from three counties in Hungary where bank-filtered surface water, conventionally filtered and disinfected surface water, and groundwater from either a karst or confined aquifer are commonly used for drinking water. The primary purpose was to determine whether the prevalence and intensity of serological responses, indicators of prior Cryptosporidium infection were similar for these populations. Women using groundwater from a confined aquifer had significantly lower mean serological responses for both the 15/17-kDa and 27-kDa (p&lt;0.0001) antigen groups than women using conventionally filtered and disinfected surface water or karst well water. This is suggestive of less frequent infections. Women using bank-filtered water also had lower mean responses for both antigen groups. Among women using bank-filtered water, the mean intensity of response for both antigen groups was almost one-third of the mean response observed for women using conventionally filtered and disinfected surface water. These findings suggest that riverbank filtration may be an effective alternative to conventional treatment for reducing Cryptosporidium exposures and infection from surface drinking water sources.

Determining Optimum Pumping Rates of Groundwater in Ttansum Island Related to Riverbank Filtration

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 831-844
Author(s):  
Chung-Mo Lee ◽  
Se-Yeong Hamm ◽  
Yeon-Woo Choo ◽  
Hyoung-Soo Kim ◽  
Jae-Yeol Cheong
Keyword(s):  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
Pumping Rates
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