ACTIVATED CARBON ADDITION TO ACTIVATED SLUDGE IN THE TREATMENT OF KRAFT PULP BLEACHING WASTES

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferhan Çeçen
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Carbon Addition ◽  
Pulp Bleaching ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Kraft Pulp Bleaching ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors

This study examines the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition to activated sludge in the treatment of pulp bleaching effluents which contain a large amount of nonbiodegradable matter. The effect of PAC addition has been studied in both batch and continuous-flow reactors. Isotherms were developed for PAC and biomass adsorption. It was shown that substrate removal by air stripping and biosorption was negligible. The change in substrate concentration occurred mainly by biodegradation. The biological removal data obtained in batch and continuous-flow reactors were fitted to kinetic models. Both batch and continuous-flow experiments revealed that there remained a high amount of nonbiodegradable substrate as expressed by residual COD and Color436. Carbon addition to activated sludge resulted in a high decrease in substrate concentration, particularly for color. However, the results indicated that there was no noticable biological enhancement with PAC addition. The combined PAC and activated sludge process seemed to be a combination of adsorption and biodegradation.

Application of Batch Kinetic Data to the Sizing of Continuous-Flow Activated Sludge Reactors

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 505-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
André van Niekerk ◽  
David Jenkins ◽  
M. G. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Substrate Uptake ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Linear Rate ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors

The removal of substrates from wastewaters by activated sludge is commonly expressed in terms of a collective substrate parameter such as COD, BOD5 or TOC. Several different linear and non-linear rate expressions are employed to describe complex substrate removal in the literature. The indiscriminate application of batch substrate uptake rates to the analysis or design of continuous-flow reactors can introduce errors. These potential errors have particular significance in the design of aerobic selectors used to control low F/M bulking.

Population Dynamics of Phenol Degrading Microorganisms in Activated Sludge Process under the Stress of Phenolic Wastewater

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Okada ◽  
T. Nakamura ◽  
H. Ito ◽  
A. Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactor ◽  
Phenolic Wastewater ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors

The process to gain and lose phenol degrading activity of activated sludge under different stress of phenol was studied by three types of operations, i.e. continuous flow reactor, aerobic SBR, and anaerobic/aerobic SBR under two types of loads, i.e. elevating and constant loads. The higher activity and tolerance under the higher concentration of phenol was gained in activated sludge of aerobic SBR under the constant high load. The higher phenolic stress, i.e. mixed liquor concentration of phenol, at the beginning of batch cycles seemed to increase the activity. Constant and low phenolic stress in continuous flow reactors and elevating load in SBR, however, could not build up tolerance and the higher degrading activity under the higher concentration of phenol. SBR operations which are able to give appropriate phenolic stress on activated sludge, even under the same daily loading of phenol as continuous flow reactor, would be preferable to build up and maintain the activity and to ensure stable operation of wastewater treatment even under shock loading. The degrading activity of activated sludge may be gained mainly by the increase in the ability of bacteria to degrade and tolerate phenol and not by the increase in population.

Amount and nature of soluble refractory organics produced by activated sludge micro-organisms in sequencing batch and continuous flow reactors

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pribyl ◽  
F. Tucek ◽  
P. A. Wilderer ◽  
J. Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Concentration Gradients ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors ◽  
Micro Organisms

Comparative experiments with a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) and a continuous flow activated sludge system have been conducted in bench-scale to study factors affecting molecular composition and concentration of residual Soluble Microbial Products (SMP). It was experimentally confirmed that the amount of SMP in secondary effluents depends on applied process conditions, in particular on sludge age, hydraulic detention time distribution and concentration gradients within the bioreactor. The residual SMP consist of both low and high molecular organic compounds. The former prevail. The continuous flow system with a completely mixed aeration tank produced consistently higher concentrations of SMP than the SBR. The lowest SMP concentration was found at sludge ages between 5 and 15 days.

Continuous flow reactors: a perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Wiles ◽  
Paul Watts
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors
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