Chemodynamics, transport behaviour and treatment of phthalic acid esters in municipal landfill leachates

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Bauer ◽  
R. Herrmann ◽  
A. Martin ◽  
H. Zellmann
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Transport Behaviour ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Dissolved Phase ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Long Chain

Large amounts of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are leached from plastics dumped at municipal landfills. This leachate transports PAEs either adsorbed on particulate matter or in dissolved phase. Dissolved organic macromolecules, mainly humic-like substances, enhance the solubility of PAEs. In the biochemical environments of municipal landfills short chain PAEs can be degraded by base-catalyzed hydrolysis or by microorganisms which enzymatically split the side chains. However, there is no cleavage of the aromatic ring. Long chain PAEs like di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate are neither degraded abiotically nor by microorganisms. Hence, these PAEs can be leached and washed out of leaky landfills into the groundwater and thus continue to be a threat to the aquatic environment. Only a combined UV radiation/ozonation treatment is capable of fully destroying PAEs.

Biological Effects of DI-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate and Other Phthalic Acid Esters

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Thomas ◽  
Michael J. Thomas ◽  
Sharat D. Gangolli
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Acid Esters

scholarly journals Phthalic acid esters in dissolved fractions of landfill leachates

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (20) ◽  
pp. 4696-4702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Zheng ◽  
Pin-Jing He ◽  
Li-Ming Shao ◽  
Duu-Jong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Acid Esters

Phthalate hydrolysis under landfill conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jonsson ◽  
V.A. Vavilin ◽  
B.H. Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Acid Esters

Experimental data from a study using a landfill simulation reactor were used to develop and calibrate a one-dimensional distributed model of co-digestion of municipal solid waste and three phthalic acid diesters with different water solubilities. The three diesters were diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate. Two types of municipal solid wastes were assumed, easily degradable and recalcitrant. The model considered inhibition of hydrolysis of the recalcitrant fraction and phthalic acid esters, and also methanogenesis at acidic pH. The results indicated that the prolonged steady-state concentrations of the diesters in the leachates could be explained by equilibrium between physicochemical desorption and sorption processes for the three diesters. When methanogenic conditions were induced in the acidogenic landfill simulation reactor, inhibition of both hydrolysis of recalcitrant MSW and of phthalic acid esters ceased.

scholarly journals Effect of sous-vide heat treatment on the phthalic acid esters content in meat

10.5219/1081 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 622-627
Author(s):  
Alžbeta Jarošová ◽  
Marcela Jandlová ◽  
Josef Kameník
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Sous Vide ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Acid Esters

The aim of the study was to monitor the migration of the phthalic acid esters dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) from packaging to meat wrapped in plastic when heat treated by sous-vide method. A heat treatment temperature of 80 °C was used for 4 and 8 hours with reheating at 80 °C for 1 hour. The average DBP and DEHP concentrations in meat ranged from 2.24 to 4.66 mg.kg-1 and 2.29 to 10.35 mg.kg-1 of the original sample, respectively. The average DBP and DEHP concentrations found in plastic packaging ranged from 3.06 to 6.37 µg.g-1 and 5.70 to 7.83 µg.g-1 of plastic, respectively. The average concentrations of DBP in water bath range from 16.25 to 23.38 µg.l-1, while the average concentrations of DEHP in water bath were determined between 0.24 and 1.82 µg.l-1. The above results were compared with the results measured at sous-vide treatment temperature of 70 °C for 4 hours, 8 hours, and with 1 hour of reheating. The average concentrations of DBP and DEHP in all meat samples exceeded the specific migration limits of both phthalates (0.3 mg.kg-1 for DBP and 1.5 mg.kg-1 for DEHP).

scholarly journals Studies on the thermal decomposition of phthalic acid esters. IV. Thermal decomposition of mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 3140-3144 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATSUHIKO SAIDO ◽  
SHIGEYASU MOTOHASHI ◽  
TAKESHI KUROKI ◽  
TADASHI IKEMURA ◽  
MASAKICHI SATOMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Acid Esters

scholarly journals Detection of phthalic acid esters in the packaging films of meat products

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. S59-S64
Author(s):  
Soňa Bogdanovičová ◽  
Alžbeta Jarošová ◽  
Josef Kameník
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Packaging Films ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Acid Esters

The contents of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were monitored in materials used for packaging films of meat products. A printed sample and a non-printed sample were taken from each of the packaging films analysed, the sample area being 1 dm2, to determine whether or not there is increased presence of phthalates in printed packaging films compared to non-printed packaging films, and to assess possible risks arising from their use. The determination of DBP and DEHP was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with the Zorbax Eclipse C8 column and UV detection at a wavelength of 224 nm. Concentrations of phthalates ranged from 2.18 to 81.33 µg∙dm-2 in printed samples and from 2.25 to 69.88 µg∙dm-2 in those without printing. This study shows different contents of phthalates in printed and non-printed areas of packaging films. The printed area had in most cases a higher content of phthalates probably due to the content of the substances in the printing colours.

Sorption of phthalic acid esters in two kinds of landfill leachates by the carbonaceous sorbents

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Gao ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Huaidong Zhou ◽  
Zheyun Zhang ◽  
Fengchang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Carbonaceous Sorbents ◽  
Acid Esters

scholarly journals The concentrations of phthalic acid esters in a water bath at sous-vide heat treatment

10.5219/1114 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 681-687
Author(s):  
Marcela Jandlová ◽  
Alžbeta Jarošová ◽  
Jozef Kameník ◽  
Vojtech Kumbár ◽  
Šárka Nedomová
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Large Application ◽  
Sous Vide ◽  
Meat Packaging ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Acid Esters

Esters of phthalic acid are common contaminants of the environment because of their large application in plastics. Phthalic acid esters are used as plasticizers in plastics, and they are also used in plastic intended for contact with food. In our research, we investigated the influence of heating on the migration of phthalic acid esters into the water used as a water bath. The water bath was used to heat the vacuum-wrapped meat, this heating is called the sous-vide method. The plastic thermostable bags containing phthalates were used on the meat packaging. Two esters of phthalic acid dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) have been determined. Three packaged meat samples were heated in a water bath for one hour either at 50 °C or at 60 °C. The water was analyzed always before the heating and after the heating. Average DEHP concentrations in the water dropped after heating at 50 °C in two cases and average DBP concentrations rose in one case and declined in one case. Average DBP concentrations in water declined after heating at 60 °C, while average DEHP concentrations after heating at 60 °C in water increased. The concentrations of phthalic acid esters in the water ranged from 15.2311 μg.L-1 to 34.5645 μg.L-1 for DEHP and from 0.0433 μg.L-1 to 2.6529 μg.L-1 for DBP. The heating of vacuum-packed food in plastic phthalate bags in a water bath does not pose a great risk of contamination of water with phthalic acid esters.

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