Best management practices for stormwater-runoff with alternative methods in a large urban catchment in Berlin, Germany

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sieker ◽  
M. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Impervious Area

Because of multiple constraints, e.g. existing drainage systems, little available space and higher costs, Best Management Practices (BMP) for stormwater-runoff in existing urban areas is more difficult to apply than for new urban developments. For a large urban catchment (about 22 km2) with a separate drainage system in Berlin, Germany a combination of decentral (non-structural) and semi-central stormwater-management measures proved to be the best solution. It offers a high effectiveness concerning stormwater treatment at relatively low costs. Modern planning tools such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to investigate the possibilities of implementing decentral measures in larger areas. Correlations between field surveys and data from the ‘Environmental Information System’ of Berlin shows that even in highly urbanised areas a disconnection of 30% of the impervious area can easily be achieved. The resulting reduction of the discharge makes it possible to convert existing retention tanks to soil filter tanks. The purification efficiency of this combined measures is higher than of a central stormwater settling tank which has been simulated with a pollution load model.

Filtration Treatment of Pollutants in Urban Runoff Using Expanded Polypropylene Media

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 573-576
Author(s):  
Sung Won Kang ◽  
Byung Cheol Lee ◽  
Young Im Kim ◽  
Sang Leen Yun ◽  
Yong Jin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Filter Media

Pollutants such as heavy metals and PAHs (Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in stormwater runoff are a major problem in urban areas because these pollutants are discharged directly, in most cases without any treatment, into the receiving environments like river and lake. Since many of the pollutants are associated with suspended particulate materials in stormwater, SS (suspended solids) is of acknowledged importance in stormwater runoff treatment by BMPs (best management practices). Filtration, which is commonly used for removing particulate matter in stormwater structural BMPs, depends on various factors (e.g., filter media size, flow rate, bed depth, filter surface properties, etc). Especially, the characteristics of filter media are important factor affecting removal efficiency of pollutants and replacement period of filter media in filtration performance. In this study, EPM (expanded polypropylene media) as a filter media was manufactured at different expansion ratios (i.e., 5, 10, 15 times) and tested in the up-flow filtration for removing pollutants in urban stormwater runoff. The specific surface area of EPM10, EPM15, EPM30, EPM54 was 0.760 m2/g, 0.799 m2/g, 0.812 m2/g, 0.845 m2/g, respectively. The SS removal efficiency (64.1%) by EPM media was higher than that (44.2%) by sand media. In case of EPM10 media, it took 175min of removal rate of filtration system to be approached under 50% and EPM15 media was spent 110min. However, the SS removal efficiency of EPM15 was over 10% higher than that of EPM10. The CODCr removal efficiency of EPM media was also increased with increasing expansion rate. The experimental results in this work show that pollutant removal efficiency by EPM media was increased with increasing expansion ratio but replacement period of media was decreased. EPM media are expected to adsorb non-biological organics like PAHs owing to its hydrophobicity.

Assessing the performance of urban BMPs in Scotland

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jefferies ◽  
A. Aitken ◽  
N. McLean ◽  
K. Macdonald ◽  
G. McKissock
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
And Performance

Best Management Practices (BMPs) in urban drainage have been promoted in Scotland for a number of years in response to the need to combat pollution arising from diffuse sources in urban areas. This has led to the construction of around one hundred BMP installations using both source and end of pipe control. These are principally in the East of Scotland, and the number is growing rapidly as education and knowledge increases. A programme of investigations into the factors which influence the performance of the systems commenced in 1997. A range of types of BMP are under study including both source control and end of pipe systems. The sites have been divided into groups for which different depths of investigation are being undertaken. The programme involves a number of parallel investigations requiring field studies, data reviews and enquiries to confirm applicability and performance in situ. Many of the factors which influence the selection, installation and operation of a particular system are social, legal and administrative in addition to those which relate to its design and construction. The different strands of the study have been developed to ensure that all influences are identified and evaluated.

Diffuse pollution abatement – a key component in the integrated effort towards sustainable urban basins

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Novotny ◽  
K. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Diffuse Pollution ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Best Management

Water bodies are highly stressed by overdrafts of water for many purposes upstream and in the cities, and effluent domination and excessive point and diffuse pollution downstream. Pollution is also caused by the urban landscape which prefers impervious rather than porous surfaces; fast-conveyance infrastructure rather than “softer” approaches like ponds and vegetation; and stream channelization instead of natural stream courses, buffers and floodplains, and development in the floodplains. In future, the comprehensive and complex problems of urban pollution must be solved within the framework of the total hydrological cycle concept. This provides a new impetus to diffuse pollution management in urban areas. The best management practices that have been developed in the past could become key components of the new urban total hydrological cycle paradigm for solving the water shortage and pollution problems in an integrated manner, and making the urban systems hydrologically and ecologically sustainable. The paradigm will include landscape changes (less imperviousness, more green space used as buffers and groundwater recharge) as well application of the best management practices that provide water conservation, storage and reuse.

Seasonal variation of fecal indicator bacteria in storm events within the US stormwater database

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xubin Pan ◽  
Kim D. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Streptococcus Group ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Fecal Streptococcus ◽  
The Usa

Bacteria are one of the major causes of surface water impairments in the USA. Over the past several years, best management practices, including detention basins, manufactured devices, grass swales, filters and bioretention cells have been used to remove bacteria and other pollutants from stormwater runoff. However, there are data gaps in the comprehensive studies of bacteria concentrations in stormwater runoff. In this paper, the event mean concentration (EMC) of fecal indicator bacteria (Enterococcus, Escherichia coli, fecal Streptococcus group bacteria, and fecal coliform) across the USA was retrieved from the international stormwater best management practices database to analyze the seasonal variations of inflow and outflow event mean concentrations and removal efficiencies. The Kruskal–Wallis test was employed to determine the seasonal variations of bacteria indicator concentrations and removals, and the two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used for comparing different seasonal outcomes. The results indicate that all the inflow EMC of FIB in stormwater runoff is above the water quality criteria. The seasonal differences of fecal Streptococcus group bacteria and fecal coliform are significant. Summer has the potential to increase the bacteria EMC and illustrate the seasonal differences.

Performance of low-impact development best management practices: a critical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Hager ◽  
Guangji Hu ◽  
Kasun Hewage ◽  
Rehan Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Conflicting Objectives

Low-impact development (LID), a land planning and engineering design approach for managing urban stormwater runoff, has been widely adopted across the globe. LID best management practices (BMPs) are man-made features that rely on natural processes to manage stormwater water quantity and quality. In this article, recent literature (published after the year 2008) related to nine BMPs was reviewed to highlight the ranges in treatment efficiencies for 21 of the most frequently investigated runoff parameters. The primary function, pros and cons, and factors affecting performance of each BMP were discussed. A frequency analysis of the reviewed parameters showed that total suspended solids, total phosphorous, total nitrogen, runoff reduction, and zinc concentrations were the most frequently investigated stormwater runoff parameters. Five recurring themes were observed with regards to knowledge gaps and conflicting objectives for research related to LID BMPs that include: (i) lack of consensus on which parameters to measure for effective LID adoption, (ii) BMP performance is highly variable, (iii) many BMPs are known exporters of nutrient pollutants, (iv) lack of cold weather performance-specific studies for individual BMPs, and (v) lack of human pathogen-related stormwater quality studies for individual BMPs. Suggestions for future research are discussed to address these knowledge gaps.

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