Performance of low-impact development best management practices: a critical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Hager ◽  
Guangji Hu ◽  
Kasun Hewage ◽  
Rehan Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Conflicting Objectives

Low-impact development (LID), a land planning and engineering design approach for managing urban stormwater runoff, has been widely adopted across the globe. LID best management practices (BMPs) are man-made features that rely on natural processes to manage stormwater water quantity and quality. In this article, recent literature (published after the year 2008) related to nine BMPs was reviewed to highlight the ranges in treatment efficiencies for 21 of the most frequently investigated runoff parameters. The primary function, pros and cons, and factors affecting performance of each BMP were discussed. A frequency analysis of the reviewed parameters showed that total suspended solids, total phosphorous, total nitrogen, runoff reduction, and zinc concentrations were the most frequently investigated stormwater runoff parameters. Five recurring themes were observed with regards to knowledge gaps and conflicting objectives for research related to LID BMPs that include: (i) lack of consensus on which parameters to measure for effective LID adoption, (ii) BMP performance is highly variable, (iii) many BMPs are known exporters of nutrient pollutants, (iv) lack of cold weather performance-specific studies for individual BMPs, and (v) lack of human pathogen-related stormwater quality studies for individual BMPs. Suggestions for future research are discussed to address these knowledge gaps.

scholarly journals Smart In-Line Storage Facilities in Urban Drainage Network

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Kändler ◽  
Ivar Annus ◽  
Anatoli Vassiljev ◽  
Raido Puust ◽  
Katrin Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Development Area

Urban stormwater drainage systems (UDS) are severely affected by the changing climate bringing along inter alia more intense rainfall events. The conduits, usually having limited capacity, are unable to cope with these excessive flowrates. Therefore, measures must be undertaken to temporarily accumulate extra flowrates in order to avoid the flooding. There are several options available to tackle this challenge, e.g., low impact development (LID) solutions, best management practices (BMP), stormwater real-time control measures (RTC). In this study the efficiency of in-line and off-line detention tanks are analyzed. Moreover, new concept of smart in-line storage system is created and evaluated. This solution shows significant reduction in peak flow, economic benefit and is particularly suitable for the districts with limited construction space. The concept has been successfully tested in 10 ha dense urban development area in Estonian capital Tallinn.

Phosphorus dynamics in vegetated buffer strips in cold climates: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen A. Kieta ◽  
Philip N. Owens ◽  
David A. Lobb ◽  
Jason A. Vanrobaeys ◽  
Don N. Flaten
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Cold Climates ◽  
Best Management

The movement of excess phosphorus (P) into streams, rivers, and lakes poses a significant threat to water quality and the health of aquatic ecosystems and thus, P has been targeted for reduction. In landscapes dominated by agriculture, P is primarily transported through non-point sources, which a number of best management practices aim to target. One such practice is vegetated buffer strips (VBS), which are designed to use dense vegetation above the surface and extensive root systems below the surface to reduce runoff velocity, trap sediments, increase infiltration, and increase plant uptake of nutrients. The effectiveness of VBS in reducing P concentrations has been studied and reviewed, but most studies have been undertaken in warm or temperate climates, where runoff is primarily driven through summer rainfall events and when vegetation is actively growing. In cold climates, the majority of runoff occurs during the snowmelt period, when soils are frozen and vegetation has been flattened by snow and ice over the winter period and is not actively taking up nutrients. These conditions hinder the ability of VBS to work as designed. Additionally, frozen vegetation can release P after undergoing freeze–thaw cycles (FTCs). Thus, this review aimed to (i) summarize research designed to determine the effectiveness of VBS in reducing P transport in cold climates, (ii) collate research on the potential for vegetation to release P after undergoing FTCs, and (iii) identify research gaps to be addressed in determining VBS effectiveness in cold climates. Cold-climate VBS implemented in Canada, the northern United States, and northern Europe have shown P removal efficiencies ranging from −36% to +89%, a range that identifies the uncertainty surrounding the use of VBS in these landscapes. However, there is consensus among researchers globally that vegetation does release P after undergoing FTCs, though P concentrations from different species vary across studies. The design and management of VBS in cold climates requires careful consideration, and VBS may not always be the best management strategy to reduce P transport. Future research should be undertaken at a larger scale in natural systems and focus on VBS design and management strategies.

scholarly journals Multiobjective optimisation and cluster analysis in placement of best management practices in an urban flooding scenario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Dwivedula ◽  
R. Madhuri ◽  
K. Srinivasa Raju ◽  
A. Vasan
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Multiobjective Optimisation ◽  
Urban Floods ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Runoff Reduction

Abstract Urban floods cause massive damage to infrastructure and loss of life. This research is being carried out to study how Best Management Practices (BMPs) can mitigate the negative effects of urban floods during extreme rainfall events. Strategically placing BMPs throughout open areas and rooftops in urban areas serves multiple purposes of storage of rainwater, removal of pollutants from surface runoff and sustainable utilisation of land. This situation is framed as a multiobjective optimisation problem to analyse the trade-offs between multiple goals of runoff reduction, construction cost and pollutant load reduction. Output includes a wide range of choices to choose from for decision makers. Proposed methodology is demonstrated with a case study of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC), India. Historical extreme rainfall event of 237.5 mm which occurred in year 2016 and extreme rainfall event of 1,740.62 mm corresponding to Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6 were considered for analysis. Two multiobjective optimisation algorithms, namely, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm – III (NSGA-III) and Constrained Two-Archive Evolutionary Algorithm (C-TAEA) are employed to solve the BMP placement problem, following which the resulting pareto-fronts are ensembled. K-Medoids-based cluster analysis is performed on the resulting ensembled pareto-front. The proposed ensembled approach identified ten possible BMP configurations with costs ranging from Rs. to surface runoff reduction ranging from to and pollutant load removal ranging from tonnes. Use of BMPs in future event has the potential to reduce surface runoff from , while simultaneously removing tonnes of pollutants for cost ranging from The proposed framework forms an effective and novel way to characterise and solve BMP optimisation problems in context of climate change, presenting a view of the urban flooding scenario today, and the likely course of events in the future.

scholarly journals Sustainable urban drainage: delineation of a scientific domain of knowledge production

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (38) ◽  
Author(s):  
Altair Rosa ◽  
Eduardo Mario Mendiondo ◽  
Marina Batalini Macedo ◽  
Vladimir Caramori De Sousa ◽  
David Sample ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Knowledge Domain ◽  
Scientific Domain ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Definition Of

Sustainable Urban Drainage emerged and gained prominence during the late 90s. Despite this progress, there is little uniformity in subjects and definition of terms within the overall sustainability theme. This tends to create a duplication of objectives and confusion about the correct use of techniques and procedures. This paper seeks to identify, map and evaluate ‘Sustainable Urban Drainage’ as a scientific domain, using relationships between underlying subthemes. We analyzed 3,805 publications by 8,237 authors with relation to 11,957 citations using sociometric and bibliometric techniques. The results confirm the existence of the knowledge domain with one main nucleus and 20 independent networks. Core subthemes such as stormwater management, low impact development, integrated urban water management, bioretention, and best management practices are distinguishable the main domain.

scholarly journals Evaluation of low impact development and best management practices on peak flow reduction using SWMM

2021 ◽  
Vol 646 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
Bryant Chong Choy Xian ◽  
Choong Wee Kang ◽  
Mahyun Ab Wahab ◽  
Mohd Remy Rozaini Mohd Arif Zainol ◽  
Fauzi Baharudin
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Flow Reduction ◽  
Best Management

scholarly journals Indicator and Pathogen Removal by Low Impact Development Best Management Practices

Water ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Peng ◽  
Yiping Cao ◽  
Megan Rippy ◽  
A. Afrooz ◽  
Stanley Grant
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Pathogen Removal ◽  
Best Management

Best management practices for stormwater-runoff with alternative methods in a large urban catchment in Berlin, Germany

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sieker ◽  
M. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Impervious Area

Because of multiple constraints, e.g. existing drainage systems, little available space and higher costs, Best Management Practices (BMP) for stormwater-runoff in existing urban areas is more difficult to apply than for new urban developments. For a large urban catchment (about 22 km2) with a separate drainage system in Berlin, Germany a combination of decentral (non-structural) and semi-central stormwater-management measures proved to be the best solution. It offers a high effectiveness concerning stormwater treatment at relatively low costs. Modern planning tools such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to investigate the possibilities of implementing decentral measures in larger areas. Correlations between field surveys and data from the ‘Environmental Information System’ of Berlin shows that even in highly urbanised areas a disconnection of 30% of the impervious area can easily be achieved. The resulting reduction of the discharge makes it possible to convert existing retention tanks to soil filter tanks. The purification efficiency of this combined measures is higher than of a central stormwater settling tank which has been simulated with a pollution load model.

Restoration challenges for urban rivers

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. D'Arcy ◽  
T. Rosenqvist ◽  
G. Mitchell ◽  
R. Kellagher ◽  
S. Billett
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Persistent Pollutants ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Pollution Loads

Urban sources account for significant quantities of important diffuse pollutants, and urban watercourses are typically badly polluted. As well as toxic metals, hydrocarbons including PAHs, and suspended matter, priority urban pollutants include faecal pathogens and nutrients. Can urban watercourses be restored by sufficient reductions in pollution loads? Case studies in the UK and Sweden provide insights and some grounds for optimism. A major trans-Atlantic review of the performance of best management practices (BMPs) is informing BMP planning. New approaches such as the maximisation of self-purification capacity in the receiving waters may also need to be developed, alongside BMPs at source. Other initiatives in Europe, USA and China, including collaborative projects, are trying to address the intractable issues such as persistent pollutants from transport and urban infrastructure. The challenge is daunting, but there are clear ways forward and future research needs are evident.

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