Metabolic interactions in methanogenic and sulfate-reducing bioreactors

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J.M. Stams ◽  
C.M. Plugge ◽  
F.A.M. de Bok ◽  
B.H.G.W. van Houten ◽  
P. Lens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Acetogenic Bacteria ◽  
Complete Breakdown ◽  
Metabolic Interactions ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

In environments where the amount of electron acceptors is insufficient for complete breakdown of organic matter, methane is formed as the major reduced end product. In such methanogenic environments organic acids are degraded by syntrophic consortia of acetogenic bacteria and methanogenic archaea. Hydrogen consumption by methanogens is essential for acetogenic bacteria to convert organic acids to acetate and hydrogen. Several syntrophic cocultures growing on propionate and butyrate have been described. These syntrophic fatty acid-degrading consortia are affected by the presence of sulfate. When sulfate is present sulfate-reducing bacteria compete with methanogenic archaea for hydrogen and acetate, and with acetogenic bacteria for propionate and butyrate. Sulfate-reducing bacteria easily outcompete methanogens for hydrogen, but the presence of acetate as carbon source may influence the outcome of the competition. By contrast, acetoclastic methanogens can compete reasonably well with acetate-degrading sulfate reducers. Sulfate-reducing bacteria grow much faster on propionate and butyrate than syntrophic consortia.

The influence of potassium dichromate on dissimilatory reduction of sulfate and nitrate ions by bacteria Desulfovibrio sp.

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
O. M. Moroz ◽  
S. O. Hnatush ◽  
Ch. I. Bohoslavets ◽  
T. M. Hrytsun’ ◽  
B. M. Borsukevych
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Anaerobic Respiration ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Nitrate Ions ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Sulfate reducing bacteria, capable to reductive transformation of different nature pollutants, used in biotechnologies of purification of sewage, contaminated by carbon, sulfur, nitrogen and metal compounds. H2S formed by them sediment metals to form of insoluble sulfides. Number of metals can be used by these microorganisms as electron acceptors during anaerobic respiration. Because under the influence of metal compounds observed slowing of bacteria metabolism, selection isolated from technologically modified ecotops resistant to pollutions strains is important task to create a new biotechnologies of purification. That’s why the purpose of this work was to study the influence of potassium dichromate, present in medium, on reduction of sulfate and nitrate ions by sulfate reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio desulfuricans IMV K-6, Desulfovibrio sp. Yav-6 and Desulfovibrio sp. Yav-8, isolated from Yavorivske Lake, to estimate the efficiency of possible usage of these bacteria in technologies of complex purification of environment from dangerous pollutants. Bacteria were cultivated in modified Kravtsov-Sorokin medium without SO42- and FeCl2×4H2O for 10 days. To study the influence of K2Cr2O7 on usage by bacteria SO42- or NO3- cells were seeded to media with Na2SO4×10H2O or NaNO3 and K2Cr2O7 at concentrations of 1.74 mM for total content of electron acceptors in medium 3.47 mM (concentration of SO42- in medium of standard composition). Cells were also seeded to media with 3.47 mM Na2SO4×10H2O, NaNO3 or K2Cr2O7 to investigate their growth in media with SO42-, NO3- or Cr2O72- as sole electron acceptor (control). Biomass was determined by turbidymetric method, content of sulfate, nitrate, dichromate, chromium (III) ions, hydrogen sulfide or ammonia ions in cultural liquid – by spectrophotometric method. It was found that K2Cr2O7 inhibits growth (2.2 and 1.3 times) and level of reduction by bacteria sulfate or nitrate ions (4.2 and 3.0 times, respectively) at simultaneous addition into cultivation medium of 1.74 mM SO42- or NO3- and 1.74 mM Cr2O72-, compared with growth and level of reduction of sulfate or nitrate ions in medium only with SO42- or NO3- as sole electron acceptor. Revealed that during cultivation of bacteria in presence of equimolar amount of SO42- or NO3- and Cr2O72-, last used by bacteria faster, content of Cr3+ during whole period of bacteria cultivation exceeded content H2S or NH4+. K2Cr2O7 in medium has most negative influence on dissimilatory reduction by bacteria SO42- than NO3-, since level of nitrate ions reduction by cells in medium with NO3- and Cr2O72- was a half times higher than level of sulfate ions reduction by it in medium with SO42- and Cr2O72-. The ability of bacteria Desulfovibrio sp. to priority reduction of Cr2O72- and after their exhaustion − NO3- and SO42- in the processes of anaerobic respiration can be used in technologies of complex purification of environment from toxic compounds.

scholarly journals Usage of metals as the terminal electron acceptors by the sulfate-reducing bacteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Peretyatko ◽  
◽  
A. A. Halushka ◽  
S. P. Gudz ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

scholarly journals Competitive Growth of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria with Bioleaching Acidophiles for Bioremediation of Heap Bioleaching Residue

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aung Kyaw Phyo ◽  
Yan Jia ◽  
Qiaoyi Tan ◽  
Heyun Sun ◽  
Yunfeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sulfide Minerals ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Heap Bioleaching ◽  
Waste Rocks ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Mining waste rocks containing sulfide minerals naturally provide the habitat for iron- and sulfur-oxidizing microbes, and they accelerate the generation of acid mine drainage (AMD) by promoting the oxidation of sulfide minerals. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are sometimes employed to treat the AMD solution by microbial-induced metal sulfide precipitation. It was attempted for the first time to grow SRB directly in the pyritic heap bioleaching residue to compete with the local iron- and sulfur-oxidizing microbes. The acidic SRB and iron-reducing microbes were cultured at pH 2.0 and 3.0. After it was applied to the acidic heap bioleaching residue, it showed that the elevated pH and the organic matter was important for them to compete with the local bioleaching acidophiles. The incubation with the addition of organic matter promoted the growth of SRB and iron-reducing microbes to inhibit the iron- and sulfur-oxidizing microbes, especially organic matter together with some lime. Under the growth of the SRB and iron-reducing microbes, pH increased from acidic to nearly neutral, the Eh also decreased, and the metal, precipitated together with the microbial-generated sulfide, resulted in very low Cu in the residue pore solution. These results prove the inhibition of acid mine drainage directly in situ of the pyritic waste rocks by the promotion of the growth of SRB and iron-reducing microbes to compete with local iron and sulfur-oxidizing microbes, which can be used for the source control of AMD from the sulfidic waste rocks and the final remediation.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Imaging of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria and Methanogenic Archaea at Single-Cell Resolution by Synchrotron X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer B. Glass ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Katherine S. Dawson ◽  
Damian R. Horton ◽  
Stefan Vogt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

scholarly journals Reduction of perchlorate ions by the sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum sp. and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
N. S. Verkholiak ◽  
T. B. Peretyatko ◽  
A. A. Halushka
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Perchlorate Ion ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The usage of microorganisms to clean the environment from xenobiotics, in particular chlorine-containing ones, is a promising method of detoxifying the contaminated environment. Sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio desulfuricans Ya-11, isolated from Yavoriv Lake, and Desulfotomaculum AR1, isolated from the Lviv sewage treatment system, are able to grow under conditions of environmental contamination by aromatic compounds and chlorine-containing substances. Due to their high redox potential, chlorate and perchlorate ions can be ideal electron acceptors for the metabolism of microorganisms. To test the growth of the tested microorganisms under the influence of perchlorate ions, bacteria were cultured in modified Postgate C medium with ClO4–. Biomass was determined turbidimetrically, the content of sulfate ions and hydrogen sulfide – photoelectrocolorimetrically, the content of perchlorate ions – permanganatometrically. The study of the ability of sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 to grow in a medium with perchlorate ions as electron acceptors showed the inhibitory effect of ClO4– on sulfate ion reduction by bacteria. Bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 are able to grow in environments with aromatic hydrocarbons, in particular toluene. The possibility of the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the presence of toluene as an electron donor and perchlorate ions as an electron acceptor was investigated. The efficiency of perchlorate ion utilization by sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 was about 90 %. The effect of molybdenum on the reduction of perchlorate ions by Desulfotomaculum AR1 is shown in the paper. Immobilization of bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 was carried out in 3% agar and on wood chips. The ability of bacteria, immobilized on these media, to purify the aqueous medium from perchlorate ions was investigated. Reduction of perchlorate ions is more efficiently performed by cells of Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 bacteria immobilized in agar than on wood chips. Sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 are able to use perchlorate ions as electron acceptors, purifying the polluted aquatic environment from these pollutants.

scholarly journals Brockarchaeota, a novel archaeal lineage capable of methylotrophy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie De Anda ◽  
Lin-Xing Chen ◽  
Nina Dombrowski ◽  
Zhengshuang Hua ◽  
Hong-Chen Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Springs ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Anoxic Environments ◽  
Archaeal Lineage ◽  
Acetogenic Bacteria ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Globally Distributed ◽  
Global Carbon

Abstract Single carbon (C1) compounds such as methanol, methylamines and formaldehyde are ubiquitous in nature and they are large components of the carbon cycle. In anoxic environments C1-utilizing microbes (methylotrophs) play an important role in controlling global carbon degradation. Currently described anaerobic methylotrophs are limited to methanogenic archaea, acetogenic bacteria, and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Here, we report the first archaeal lineage outside of methanogenic taxa that are capable of anaerobic methylotrophy. Phylogenetic analyses suggest these archaea form a new phylum within the TACK superphylum, which we propose be named Brockarchaeota. A survey revealed Brockarchaeota are globally distributed in geothermal springs. Metabolic inference from 15 metagenome-assembled genomes from hot springs and deep-sea sediments indicates that Brockarchaeota are strict anaerobes. They contain a variety C1 metabolisms including the methanol and trimethylamine methyltransferases system, the ribulose bisphosphate pathway coupled with the non-oxidative pentoses phosphate pathway, and reductive glycine pathway. Brockarchaeota have an incomplete methyl-branch of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway probably used for formaldehyde oxidation, since they lack several core genes involved in methanogenesis including methyl-CoM reductases. Brockarchaeota also appear to play an important role in the breakdown of plant-derived polysaccharides, especially cellulose, starch and xylan. Their broad distribution and their capacity to use both C1 compounds and complex polysaccharides via anaerobic metabolism suggest that the Brockarchaeota occupy previously overlooked roles in carbon cycling.

Symbiosis and competition among sulfate reduction, filamentous sulfur, denitrification, and poly-p accumulation bacteria in the anaerobic-oxic activated sludge of a municipal plant

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoko Yamamoto-Ikemoto ◽  
Saburo Matsui ◽  
Tomoaki Komori ◽  
E. J. Bosque-Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Sulfide Oxidation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Symbiosis and competition were examined among sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), filamentous sulfur bacteria (FSB), denitrification bacteria (DNB) and poly-P accumulation bacteria (PAB) in the activated sludge of a municipal plant operated under anaerobic-oxic conditions. Batch experiments were carried out using settled sewage from the same plant as the substrate under several conditions. Under oxic conditions, both sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation occurred simultaneously, making a symbiotic relationship of SRB and FSB for establishment of a sulfur cycle sustaining the energy requirements. Under anoxic conditions, denitrification was dominant because DNB outcompeted PAB and SRB for organic acids. Under anaerobic conditions, phosphate release and sulfate reduction occurred simultaneously. SRB produced for moles of acetate from four moles of propionate and/or unknown substances by reduction of three moles of sulfate. PAB competed with sulfate-reducing bacteria for organic acids such as propionate. However, PAB utilized acetate produced by SRB.

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