scholarly journals Inhibitory effects of extracts from Cinnamomum camphora fallen leaves on algae

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 2545-2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zumulati Yakefu ◽  
Wulan Huannixi ◽  
Chaolin Ye ◽  
Tiefeng Zheng ◽  
Silan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Maximum Quantum Yield ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Photosystem Ii Photochemistry ◽  
Fallen Leaves

Abstract Natural allelochemicals are considered as a source of algaecides. To uncover the anti-algal activity of Cinnamomum camphora fallen leaves and promote their usage as algaecides, the composition of their water and methanol extracts was analyzed, and the inhibitory effects of extracts on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and chlorophyll (Chl) content and photosynthetic abilities in C. reinhardtii were investigated. Twenty-five compounds were detected in the water extracts, mainly including terpenoids, esters, alcohols, and ketones. Compared to water extracts, there were more compounds and higher concentration in methanol extracts. Both water and methanol extracts inhibited the growth of the two algae, and 15 mg·ml−1 methanol extracts killed the algal cells after 48 h. The levels of Chl a and Chl b, as well as maximum quantum yield of photosystem II photochemistry (Fv/Fm) in C. reinhardtii cells reduced gradually with increasing the concentration of extracts, while the maximum quantum yield of non-photochemical de-excitation (φDO) increased gradually. At the same concentration, methanol extracts showed stronger inhibitory effects than water extracts, due to their higher number of compounds and higher concentration. Therefore, C. camphora fallen leaves have a potential value as an algaecide.

scholarly journals Copper-, Lead- and Mercury-Induced Changes in Maximum Quantum Yield, Chlorophyll A Content and Relative Growth of Three Malaysian Green Macroalgae

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazlina Ahamad Zakeri ◽  
Luqman Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Maximum Quantum Yield ◽  
Green Macroalgae ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Caulerpa Lentillifera ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content ◽  
Positive Effect

In this study, we reported on the responses of three Malaysian green algae, Caulerpa racemosa, Caulerpa lentillifera and Ulva reticulata against three heavy metals, copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg). Responses were determined as maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) for photosynthetic quantum efficiency, chlorophyll (chl) a content and relative growth measured as changes in fresh weight. The algae were exposed for 8h in two concentrations of metals, which were 1 mg/L and 2 mg/L. In general, all algae were severely affected by the presence of Hg compared to the other two metals. Fv/Fm of the algae was significantly reduced to the lowest of 18% in 1 mg/L Hg as observed in C. racemosa while the lowest for Cu and Pb was 29% and 41%, respectively, also observed in similar algal species. All algae showed an undetected value of Fv/Fm when concentration of Hg was increased to 2 mg/L. An increase in Fv/Fm was observed for C. lentillifera in 1 mg/L of Cu and Pb but the value showed a reduction when the concentration of both metals was increased to 2 mg/L. Among the algae, Fv/Fm of C. racemosa was severely affected by the presence of all metals particularly at 2 mg/L where it showed undetected value. An increase in the content of chl a was observed in C. racemosa and C. lentillifera for each metals at both concentrations while a decrease in the content was observed in U. reticulata. Algal relative growth was negatively affected by the presence of metals with Hg showed the strongest effect. However, some algae showed a positive effect of Pb on their growth.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effects of methanol extracts of selected plants on the proliferation of two human melanoma cell lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Fraihat ◽  
Luma Alatrash ◽  
Reem Abbasi ◽  
Bashaer Abu-Irmaileh ◽  
Saja Hamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Melanoma Cell ◽  
Human Melanoma ◽  
Human Melanoma Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Melanoma Cell Lines

scholarly journals Potential Maximum Quantum Yield of Photosystem II Reflects the Growth Rate of Chattonella marina in Field Bloom Samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuchun Qiu ◽  
Kouki Mukai ◽  
Yohei Shimasaki ◽  
Michito Tsuyama ◽  
Tadashi Matsubara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Maximum Quantum Yield ◽  
Chattonella Marina ◽  
Potential Maximum

Zinc requirement for two phytoplankton strains of the Tasman Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Sinoir ◽  
Andrew R. Bowie ◽  
Mathieu Mongin ◽  
Edward C. V. Butler ◽  
Christel S. Hassler
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Maximum Quantum Yield ◽  
Biological Transport ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pennate Diatom ◽  
Cellular Energy ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Zinc has been proposed as a limiting, or co-limiting, micronutrient for phytoplankton. In the Tasman Sea, extremely low zinc concentrations have been reported, raising the possibility there of limitation of phytoplankton growth by zinc. The pennate diatom Nitzschia closterium (CS-1) and the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (CS-812) were cultured in two low zinc concentrations (Zn2+ = 1.5 pmolL–1 and Zn2+ = 1.5 nmolL–1) mimicking conditions found in coastal and pelagic Tasman Sea. To monitor phytoplankton health and productivity, the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), growth rate and cell size were analysed. These parameters showed that both strains were able to adapt and still grow. Short-term uptake experiments revealed an effect on Zn biological transport, with consequences for its bioavailability. When grown at low Zn2+ concentrations, E. huxleyi showed an induction of a two-transporter system, highly dependent on photosynthetic energy for Zn uptake. N. closterium was able to survive without inducing a higher-affinity Zn transporter. Its Zn uptake was also highly dependent on cellular energy and the ability to potentially access labile complexed forms of Zn. This strategy, thus, represented an advantage over E. huxleyi. Results are discussed in the context of the conditions found in the Tasman Sea.

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