scholarly journals Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and E. coli-induced Pyelonephritis; Are Infectious Agents Related to the Pathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis?

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1063-1064
Author(s):  
Hiroto KITA
Keyword(s):  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
E Coli

Antibodies against the COOH-terminal region of E. coli ClpP protease in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Mayo ◽  
Paz Arizti ◽  
Albert Pares ◽  
Joaquin Oliva ◽  
Rita Alvarez Doforno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
E Coli

scholarly journals Rheumatoid Arthritis and Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: Cause, Consequence, or Coincidence?

Arthritis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Smyk ◽  
Dimitrios P. Bogdanos ◽  
Maria G. Mytilinaiou ◽  
Andrew K. Burroughs ◽  
Eirini I. Rigopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
High Titre ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Antimitochondrial Antibodies ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Large Case

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a progressive cholestatic liver disease characterized serologically by cholestasis and the presence of high-titre antimitochondrial antibodies and histologically by chronic nonsuppurative cholangitis and granulomata. PBC patients often have concomitant autoimmune diseases, including arthropathies. This raises the question as to whether there are shared features in the pathogenesis of those diseases with the pathogenesis of PBC. Epidemiological and large case studies have indicated that although the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is not significantly raised in PBC patients, there appears to be a higher rate of RA in PBC patients and their relatives. Genetic studies have demonstrated that several genes implicated in PBC have also been implicated in RA. Epigenetic studies provided a wealth of data regarding RA, but the findings on epigenetic changes in PBC are very limited. As well, certain infectious agents identified in the pathogenesis of PBC may also play a role in the pathogenesis of RA. These data suggest that although RA is not significantly present in PBC, some individuals with certain genetic traits and environmental exposures may develop both conditions. This concept may also apply to other concomitant diseases found in PBC patients.

scholarly journals Popular and unpopular infectious agents linked to primary biliary cirrhosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas L. Koutsoumpas ◽  
Stephen Kriese ◽  
Eirini I. Rigopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Infectious Agents

scholarly journals Infectious Agents and Xenobiotics in the Etiology of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Selmi ◽  
Maria De Santis ◽  
Francesca Cavaciocchi ◽  
M. Eric Gershwin
Keyword(s):  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Mitochondrial Proteins ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Environmental Stimulation ◽  
High Concordance

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)is a chronic autoimmune cholestatic liver disease that manifests a latitudinal gradient in prevalence and incidence. The mechanisms leading to the initiation and perpetuation of PBC remain largely enigmatic, although it is established that a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental stimulation is required. PBC is also characterized by a high concordance rate in monozygotic twins and is considered a model autoimmune disease because of several features common to other conditions and the relatively homogeneous serological and biochemical features. From a diagnostic standpoint, PBC is characterized by the highest specificity of serum autoantibodies directed at mitochondrial proteins. Several risk factors have been suggested to be associated with PBC, including exposure to infectious agents and chemical xenobiotics that will be critically discussed in the present review article.

scholarly journals E. coliInduced Experimental Model of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: At Last

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas L. Koutsoumpas ◽  
Daniel S. Smyk ◽  
Dimitrios P. Bogdanos
Keyword(s):  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Infected Animal ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intrahepatic Bile Ducts ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Tract Infections

Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) have been considered potential triggers of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease characterised by progressive destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts. Additional support for the link made between PBC and UTI was based on early observations of recurrent episodes of bacteriuria in female patients with PBC. A series of large epidemiological studies demonstrated a strong correlation between recurrent UTI and PBC, initiating a series of studies investigating the role ofEscherichia coli(E. coli, the most prevalent organism isolated in women with UTI) as a trigger of PBC. Immunological evidence of B- and T-cell cross-reactive responses implicating PBC-specific autoantigens andE. colimimics have been clearly demonstrated, adding support to the notion thatE. coliis a potential infectious inducer of PBC in susceptible individuals. One of the major limitations in proving theE. coli/PBC association was the lack of reliableE. coli-infected animal models of PBC. This review provides an overview of the evidence linking this infectious agent with PBC and discusses the pros and cons of a recently developedE. coli-infected animal model of PBC.

scholarly journals Environmental Agents Involved in the Cause of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Kouroumalis
Keyword(s):  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Environmental Agents ◽  
Autoimmune Conditions ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an immune mediated chronic cholestatic liver disease with a slowly progressive course It is a universal disease with a reported latitudinal gradient in prevalence and incidence. The aetiology of primary biliary cirrhosis is still unknown. It is characterized by a 60% concordance in monozygotic twins and is considered an autoimmune disease because of several features common to other autoimmune conditions and the relatively homogeneous serological and biochemical features. However geoepidemiological and clinical studies strongly imply that environmental factors also play an important role. It is accepted that the disease is clearly the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Several risk factors have been suggested to be associated with PBC, including exposure to infectious agents and chemical xenobiotics. This review will attempt to place such factors in perspective.

scholarly journals Infection as a Risk Factor in the Pathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: Pros and Cons

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teru Kumagi ◽  
Masanori Abe ◽  
Yoshiou Ikeda ◽  
Yoichi Hiasa
Keyword(s):  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Molecular Mimicry ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Intrahepatic Bile Ducts ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Pros And Cons

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic and slowly progressive cholestatic liver disease of autoimmune etiology, characterized by injury of the intrahepatic bile ducts that may eventually lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. Evidence suggests cardinal roles for both environmental factors and genetic susceptibility. Nevertheless, the absolute etiology of PBC is unclear, despite recent well-designed case-control studies that reported environmental risk factors, including infectious agents, for PBC. Of the reported infectious agents, some of them are not reproducible and remain controversial. However, infection is no doubt one of the major risks among the environmental factors. This is supported by the fact that infectious agents in autoimmune diseases express antigens resulting in molecular mimicry and xenobiotics that play a role in breaking tolerance. Taken together, recent findings from genome wide assays as well as novel animal models may enable us to better understand the mechanism of pathogenesis responsible for this disease.

scholarly journals A Patient with E. coli-induced Pyelonephritis and Sepsis Who Transiently Exhibited Symptoms Associated with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1144-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiko OHNO ◽  
Yasuo OTA ◽  
Syuji HATAKEYAMA ◽  
Shintaro YANAGIMOTO ◽  
Yuji MORISAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
E Coli
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