scholarly journals The Mind Research Network - Mental Illness Neuroscience Discovery Grant

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Roberts ◽  
V. Calhoun
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Research Network ◽  
The Mind

A Philosophical, Cultural, and Literary Critique of Mental Illness in Birago Diop’s “Sarzan”

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Adrien Pouille
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Nervous Breakdown ◽  
The Mind

This paper is another contribution to the long list of articles and book chapters written about Birago Diop's work, “Sarzan.” Unlike most if not all interpretations of the eponymous hero's mental illness, this article reads Sarzan's nervous breakdown as an invitation to services, which are radically different from the ones he is mandated by the French administration to perform, yet integral to the customs of his village. To many critics, the mental degradation witnessed in Sarzan, is an ancestral correction inflicted to Sarzan following his desacralization of rituals and sites sacred to his community. But however, legitimate this interpretation may be, it is quite limited in light of various forms of recuperative rituals practiced in traditional Africa to address and cure disturbances related to the mind.

The diary of a madman, seventeenth-century style: Goodwin Wharton, MP and communer with the fairy world

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Porter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
The Mind

SynopsisGoodwin Wharton (1653–1704) was a nobleman's son and a Whig MP who played no small part in English public life. His manuscript journal shows, however, that he also lived a bizarre secret life of the mind of a kind which, in later generations, would have led to his confinement as suffering from mental illness. Above all, through the offices of his medium and lover, Mary Parish, he entered into elaborate relations both with the fairy world and with God and His Angels. This paper examines our records of Wharton's consciousness

scholarly journals Chronic pain diagnoses and opioid dispensings among individuals with serious mental illness

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashli Owen-Smith ◽  
Christine Stewart ◽  
Musu M. Sesay ◽  
Sheryl M. Strasser ◽  
Bobbi Jo Yarborough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Medical Comorbidities ◽  
Pain Diagnosis ◽  
Opioid Medications

Abstract Background Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) have particularly high rates of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) and are also more likely to receive prescription opioids for their pain. However, there have been no known studies published to date that have examined opioid treatment patterns among individuals with schizophrenia. Methods Using electronic medical record data across 13 Mental Health Research Network sites, individuals with diagnoses of MDD (N=65,750), BD (N=38,117) or schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (N=12,916) were identified and matched on age, sex and Medicare status to controls with no documented mental illness. CNCP diagnoses and prescription opioid medication dispensings were extracted for the matched samples. Multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate (1) the odds of receiving a pain-related diagnosis and (2) the odds of receiving opioids, by separate mental illness diagnosis category compared with matched controls, controlling for age, sex, Medicare status, race/ethnicity, income, medical comorbidities, healthcare utilization and chronic pain diagnoses. Results Multivariable models indicated that having a MDD (OR=1.90; 95% CI=1.85–1.95) or BD (OR=1.71; 95% CI=1.66–1.77) diagnosis was associated with increased odds of a CNCP diagnosis after controlling for age, sex, race, income, medical comorbidities and healthcare utilization. By contrast, having a schizophrenia diagnosis was associated with decreased odds of receiving a chronic pain diagnosis (OR=0.86; 95% CI=0.82– 0.90). Having a MDD (OR=2.59; 95% CI=2.44–2.75) or BD (OR=2.12; 95% CI=1.97–2.28) diagnosis was associated with increased odds of receiving chronic opioid medications, even after controlling for age, sex, race, income, medical comorbidities, healthcare utilization and chronic pain diagnosis; having a schizophrenia diagnosis was not associated with receiving chronic opioid medications. Conclusions Individuals with serious mental illness, who are most at risk for developing opioid-related problems, continue to be prescribed opioids more often than their peers without mental illness. Healthcare providers need to be especially conservative in prescribing opioids – or avoid opioid therapy altogether – for this population. Mental health clinicians may be particularly well-suited to lead pain assessment and management efforts for these patients.

scholarly journals The Impact of Cultural Values, Family Involvement and Health Services on Mental Health and Mental Illness

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Anastasia Tarnovetskaia ◽  
Linda Hopper Cook
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Asian Indian ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Willingness To Seek Help ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the impact of cultural values, the role of the family, access to and usage of culturally acceptable health services for three distinct Canadian cultural groups. Specifically the paper examines the mind/body/spirit connection, the cultural impact of formal or informal social support, as well as access and willingness to seek help in the context of mental health among Canadian Aboriginals, Chinese and Asian Indian cultures. Three diseases that have been documented only within Canadian Aboriginal, Chinese and Asian Indian cultures are also examined. Through using examples from three separate and very distinct cultures, this paper hopes to foster a greater cross-cultural understanding of mental health and mental illness.

The Psychological Aftereffects of Racialized Sexual Violence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy McDaniels-Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Slave Narratives ◽  
Antebellum South ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
After Effects ◽  
Runaway Slaves ◽  
The Mind

This chapter examines the psychological after effects of racialized sexual violence. Although few formal nineteenth-century records of mental illness, mental instability, or depression exist, written and oral slave narratives recount how “the entire life of the slave was hedged about with rules and regulations.” Samuel Cartwright, a well-known physician in the antebellum South, had a psychiatric explanation for runaway slaves, diagnosing them in 1851 as suffering from “drapetomania.” Classified as “a disease of the mind,” Cartwright defined drapetomania as a treatable and preventable condition that caused “negroes to run away.” Cartwright's published work established the foundation for “racism's historic impact” on black mental health. Indeed, Cartwright's pseudo-science, a potent mix of religion, pro-slavery politics, and medicine, forged a powerful connection between mental illness and race continued by subsequent generations of physicians and psychologists.

scholarly journals If a Client is Operating From a Samoan World View How can S/He be Holistically and Appropriately Treated Under the Western Medical Model?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Folole Iaeli Esera
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
World View ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Mental Health Service Delivery ◽  
System A ◽  
Mental Problems ◽  
The Mind

<p>This paper is an analysis of the cultural and traditional factors that I believe are essential considerations in the treatment of Samoan people who have been diagnosed with a mental illness.  Just as important to any diagnosis is the spiritual nature of our culture and traditions, which forms the most part of my people's belief system. A full understanding of these will explain how the traditional beliefs and cultural values of Samoan people have an impact on their perception of mental illness, its causes and cures. Greater emphasis will be placed on 'ma'i -aitu', the Samoan term for most ailments pertaining to the mind or psyche.  The focus will be on defining 'ma'i -aitu' as part of a Samoan world view and likewise a description of a similar type of manifestation in the Papalagi (western) context of a psychiatric disorder and how treatment and management is usually undertaken.  The issues addressed in this paper will serve to highlight the Samoan client's world view from a Samoan perspective of mental illness which then poses the question of how they can be managed holistically and appropriately under the Papalagi medical system. Furthermore, does the traditional belief system of Samoans run deeper than we originally thought and can the replacement thereof by a foreign culture be responsible for the increased mental problems in Samoans living in New Zealand?  This paper emphasises the importance of integrating the western medical model and Samoan health models, for appropriate mental health service delivery to Samoan people.</p>

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