Development of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-Based Pharmaceuticals as Therapeutic Agents for the Treatment of Diabetes

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 1399-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Drucker
Author(s):  
Mehmet Akif Camkurt ◽  
Luca Lavagnino ◽  
Xiang Y. Zhang ◽  
Antonio L Teixeira

Abstract Obesity and diabetes are both risk factors and consequences of psychiatric disorders. Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists such as liraglutide are widely used in the treatment of diabetes and obesity. There are considerable amounts of preclinical studies showing the effects of liraglutide on promotion of neurogenesis, while preventing apoptosis and oxidation. Preliminary clinical evidence has suggested that liraglutide could decrease weight gain, improve cognition and prevent cognitive decline. Accordingly, liraglutide has been regarded as a potential candidate for the management of psychiatric disorders. Herein, we will discuss the association between obesity/diabetes and psychiatric disorders, and the emerging use of liraglutide in psychiatry.


2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3188-3193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Queiroz Pantaleão ◽  
Vinicius Gonçalves Maltarollo ◽  
Sheila Cruz Araujo ◽  
Jadson Castro Gertrudes ◽  
Kathia Maria Honorio

DPP-4 is an important biological target related to the treatment of diabetes since some inhibitors can lead to an increase in the insulin levels and the prolonged activity of glucagon-like peptide-1 and gastric inhibitory polypeptide, being effective in glycemic control.


2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
L R Ranganath

Incretins such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are intestinal postprandial hormones that stimulate insulin release from the pancreas as long as circulating glucose concentrations are raised. In addition to their effect on insulin secretion and consequent glucose lowering, GIP and GLP-1, especially the latter, have a number of physiological effects such as inhibition of glucagon release, gastric emptying and food intake, as well as a tropic action on pancreatic B-cell mass. There is currently a pandemic of obesity and diabetes, and existing treatments are largely inadequate both in regard to efficacy as well as their ability to tackle important factors in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). There is increasing evidence that current treatments do not address the issue of progressive B-cell failure in T2D. Since obesity is the engine that is driving the epidemic of diabetes, it is disappointing that most treatments that succeed in lowering plasma glucose are also associated with weight gain. It is now well established that intensively treated T2D has a better outcome than standard treatment. Consequently, achieving better control of diabetes with lower HbA1c is the goal of optimal treatment. Despite the use of usual therapeutic agents in T2D, often in high doses and as combinations, such as metformin, sulphonylurea, α-glycosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones and a number of animal and human insulin preparations, optimal control of glycaemia is not achieved. The use of incretins as therapeutic agents offers a new approach to the treatment of T2D.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojun Chen ◽  
Jicheng Yu ◽  
Zhen Gu

Antidiabetic therapeutics, including insulin as well as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and its analogs, are essential for people with diabetes to regulate their blood glucose levels. Nevertheless, conventional treatments based on hypodermic administration is commonly associated with poor blood glucose control, a lack of patient compliance, and a high risk of hypoglycemia. Closed-loop drug delivery strategies, also known as self-regulated administration, which can intelligently govern the drug release kinetics in response to the fluctuation in blood glucose levels, show tremendous promise in diabetes therapy. In the meantime, the advances in the development and use of microneedle (MN)-array patches for transdermal drug delivery offer an alternative method to conventional hypodermic administration. Hence, glucose-responsive MN-array patches for the treatment of diabetes have attracted increasing attentions in recent years. This review summarizes recent advances in glucose-responsive MN-array patch systems. Their opportunities and challenges for clinical translation are also discussed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117955141989298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Guida ◽  
Reshma Ramracheya

Metabolic surgery leads to rapid and effective diabetes reversal in humans, by weight-independent mechanisms. The crucial improvement in pancreatic islet function observed after surgery is induced by alteration in several factors, including gut hormones. In addition to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), increasing lines of evidence show that peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) plays a key role in the metabolic benefits associated with the surgery, ranging from appetite regulation to amelioration of islet secretory properties and survival. Here, we summarize the current knowledge and the latest advancements in the field, which pitch a strong case for the development of novel PYY-based therapy for the treatment of diabetes.


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