Clinical Use of Neurophysiological Biomarkers and Self-Assessment Scales to Predict and Monitor Treatment Response for Psychotic and Affective disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Aryutova ◽  
Drozdstoy St. Stoyanov ◽  
Sevdalina Kandilarova ◽  
Anna Todeva-Radneva ◽  
Stefan S. Kostianev
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
Medical Discipline ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Monitor Treatment Response ◽  
Assessment Scales

Psychoses and affective disorders are severe mental illnesses with a considerable negative effect on an individual and global scale. They are among the most damaging and socially significant diseases, which contribute to permanent disabilities for the patients. The aim of this review is to analyse the capacity of neuroscientific methods as tools to reform psychiatry into a biologically valid medical discipline. Furthermore, it will focus on the application of the translational approach towards the diagnostic and therapeutic processes, as well as monitoring of treatment response by using valid biomarkers and psychometric instruments. By combining translational neuroscience with the latest psychopharmacology advances clinicians might be able to provide better quality of precision and individualized medical care for their patients. We visualise a reality in which neuroimaging methods will modify standard clinical evaluation of neuropsychiatric disorders, leading to a biologically valid diagnosis, monitoring and treatment in everyday clinical practice.

Psychic status in a woman with climacteric syndrome and cardiac complaints

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Ekaterina N. Beliaeva ◽  
Iana V. Kostroma ◽  
Liubov V. Kuznetsova ◽  
Elena L. Khazova ◽  
Irina E. Zazerskaia
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Climacteric Syndrome ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Menopausal Syndrome ◽  
Cardiac Symptoms ◽  
Assessment Scales

Aim. To assess the features of psychoemotional status in women with climacteric syndrome, manifested by cardiac symptoms. Materials and methods. The study included 28 women aged 44 to 56 years (M=53,80,7) with menopause-associated complaints, manifested mainly by cardiac symptoms. Modified Kupperman-Uvarova menopausal index was used to diagnose climacteric syndrome and assess its severity. To study the psychoemotional status the Tsung anxiety and depression self-assessment scales were used. Holter ECG monitoring and echocardiography were performed on the ASTEL LTD Cardio DM-3 apparatus for 72 hours. Results. The most common cardiac complaints in menopausal syndrome were: increased blood pressure, palpitations, recurrent chest pain. Ventricular premature beats were the most common finding. Emotional-affective disorders were found in women of the study group. For women with a mild climacteric syndrome, signs of mood instability, increased emotional lability, irritability, and low levels of anxiety are characteristic. Women with moderate climacteric syndrome complained of anxiety, irritability, anger, and prolonged episodes of decreased mood. According to the anxiety and depression self-assessment scales, these women typically had emotional-affective disorders which manifested by high levels of anxiety, and 29% of them had mild levels of depression. Women with severe climacteric syndrome complained of prolonged episodes of decreased mood, sleep disturbances, and performance impairment; these women predominantly had high levels of anxiety and moderate levels of depressive disorder. Conclusion. In women with climacteric syndrome, major symptoms are neurovegetative, with a predominance of complaints associated with ventricular rhythm disorders. For climacteric syndrome, affective spectrum disorders are characteristic. The more pronounced the climacteric syndrome, the more severe the anxiety-depressive disorder.

scholarly journals COVID-19-related psychological distress and engagement in preventative behaviors among individuals with severe mental illnesses

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E. Pinkham ◽  
Robert A. Ackerman ◽  
Colin A. Depp ◽  
Philip D. Harvey ◽  
Raeanne C. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
The Past ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Phone Survey ◽  
Multiple Behaviors ◽  
And Coping

AbstractIndividuals with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) may be disproportionately vulnerable to COVID-19 infection and psychological distress. This study investigated the prevalence of engagement in COVID-19 preventative behaviors, predictors of these behaviors, and COVID-19-related psychological distress. One hundred and sixty-three individuals with SMIs (94 with schizophrenia spectrum illnesses and 69 with affective disorders) and 27 psychiatrically healthy comparison participants were recruited from ongoing studies across 3 sites, to complete a phone survey querying implementation of 8 specific COVID-19 preventative behaviors that participants engaged in at least once in the past month as well as standard assessments of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, loneliness, and coping. Data were collected between 3 April 2020 and 4 June 2020. The large majority of our SMI sample, which consisted of outpatients with relatively mild symptom severity, endorsed engaging in multiple preventative behaviors. Relatively few differences were found between groups; however, individuals with SMI were less likely to work remotely than healthy individuals and individuals with schizophrenia spectrum illness were less likely to stay home as a preventative measure, wear face masks, and work remotely than individuals with affective disorders. Differences in staying home remained after controlling for potential confounds. Although individuals with SMI reported more psychological distress related to COVID-19, this distress was largely unrelated to engagement in preventative behaviors. The large majority of individuals with SMI in this outpatient sample, regardless of broad diagnostic category, reported performing multiple behaviors intended to prevent COVID-19 infection at least once a month and reported distress associated with the pandemic. These findings suggest a good level of awareness of COVID-19 among stable outpatients with SMI. The degree to which more acutely ill persons with SMI engage in such preventative behaviors, however, remains to be examined.

scholarly journals Experiences of children who have been separated from a parent due to military deployment:a systematic review of reviews

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S263-S263
Author(s):  
Jennifer Kent ◽  
Pamela Taylor ◽  
Sarah Argent ◽  
Narasha Kalebic
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Military Deployment ◽  
Parental Relationships ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Review Of Reviews ◽  
Meta Analyses

AimsTo conduct a systematic review of reviews to investigate how military deployment of a parent affects his/her child, and the extent to which the child's own perspectives have been documented.BackgroundLengthy but finite disruptions to parenting in any form may affect child development and mental and physical health.Military deployment means weeks or months of separation from one parent.2016 figures for the U.S. military showed that 40.5% of military personnel have children, and of these 1.7 million children the largest percentage are aged between 0–5 years (37.8%).MethodSeven databases were searched: AMED, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE 1947, Joanna Briggs Institute EMP database, Ovid MEDLINE 1946 and PsycINFO 1806 from the inception of each electronic database until 31st March 2018.Inclusion criteria:Child and young adults aged 0–24 yearsEnglish language papers onlyAll papers being systematic reviews or meta-analysesA focus on documenting the effects on child outcomesData extracted included the review methods and child outcomes reported, including educational attainment; physical symptoms; mental illnesses or disorders; changes to behaviours, and effects on peer and parental relationships.ResultThe eight reviews identified included 32 common and relevant studies.Across the various studies, only about 20% of data came directly from children.Five papers extracted from the reviews identified parental deployment as having a negative effect on school attainment.Nine studies extracted from the review papers found a positive correlation between having a deployed parent and a greater chance of experiencing depressive symptoms and feelings of anxiety.Strong correlations of increased prevalence of both externalising & internalising behaviours were conclusively found in 7 of the reviews.Increased resilience was detailed in only one study featured in multiple reviews.Just one study featured across the reviews reported on physiological measures - adolescents with deployed parents had higher blood pressures and significantly higher heart rates and stress scores than civilian children.ConclusionMore research obtaining the viewpoint of the child directly and observation of such children is required to properly understand the effects on children with a deployed parent, without the interference of parent or teacher reporting bias. Additionally, with only one study reporting on increased offspring resilience there has been limited exploration of potential positive correlates, so further research regarding these is important.

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