Breast Cancer: A Review of Risk Factors and New Insights into Treatment

Nipple Sparing ◽

Biomedical Investigation ◽

Surgical Treatments ◽

Chemotherapy Agents

Abstract: Today, in spite of significant advances in cancer treatment has been made, however, breast cancer is still remains as one of the main health problem and considered as a top biomedical investigation urgency. The present study reviewed the common conventional chemotherapy agents and also some alternative and complementary approaches such as oncolytic virotherapy, bacteriotherapy, nanotherapy, immunotherapy, and natural products which are recommended for breast cancer treatment. In addition to current surgery approaches such as mastectomy, in recent years a number of novel techniques such as robotic mastectomies, nipple-sparing mastectomy, skin-sparing mastectomy, day-case mastectomy were used in breast cancer surgery. In this review, we summarize new insights risk factors, surgical and non-surgical treatments for breast cancer.

Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy Long-Term Outcomes: Early and Late Complications

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56040166 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 166

Author(s):

Alessio Metere ◽

Elisabetta Fabiani ◽

Maria Teresa Lonardo ◽

Domenico Giannotti ◽

Daniela Pace ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Late Complications ◽

Breast Cancer Surgery ◽

Safe Procedure ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Areola Complex ◽

Background and Objectives: The surgical choice treatment of the breast cancer mostly depends on the stage of the disease. In the last years, breast cancer surgery has moved from being destructive to being more respectful of the anatomical and physiological integrity of the gland. The aim of the breast surgery should be finalized to obtain the best aesthetic and functional results, respecting the principles of oncologic radicality. The present study is a retrospective analysis aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of a conservative technique like the nipple-sparing mastectomy. Materials and Methods: We observed 894 patients with a median age of 47.5 years old, underwent nipple-sparing mastectomy between 2002–2017. The data acquired include population and tumor characteristics, patient reconstructive outcomes, including locoregional, regional, and distant metastases; other variables, among nipple–areola complex necrosis and infection were collected. Results: The complications detected were considered as “early” within 1 month later the nipple-sparing mastectomy or “late” after this time. The overall complications rate (early and late) and the overall survival and the relapses detected by this study were comparable with those reported in the literature. In order to identify factors that correlate with complications, either early or later, it has been processed an evaluation of the univariate analysis showing adjuvant chemotherapy as the only predictive factor for late complications, while we encountered no predictors for early complications. Conclusions: The present study adds to the data already present in literature, demonstrating that the nipple-sparing mastectomy is a safe procedure, providing good oncological and aesthetic results in patients carefully selected.

History Presents to Our Clinic: One of the First Nipple Sparing Mastectomy Patients and One of the First Silicone Breast Reconstructions

The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery ◽

10.1177/0748806819877104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 65-68

Author(s):

William L. Scarlett ◽

Beth B. DuPree

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Surgical Outcomes ◽

Large Scale ◽

Breast Implant ◽

Granuloma Formation ◽

Implant Placement ◽

Nipple Sparing ◽

Surgical Treatments ◽

Silicone Granuloma

Nipple sparing mastectomies had almost no recorded relevance in the literature, until the early 1990s, regarding aesthetic surgical outcomes. Silicone-based breast implant surgery began to take place in the early 1960s as these prosthetics were developed by 2 plastic surgeons from Texas: Frank Gerow and Thomas Cronin. Dow Corning began large-scale manufacturing and the first reported case took place in 1962. Our patient, an 85-year-old woman, was seemingly a pioneer for both of these surgical treatments, as she underwent a prophylactic nipple-sparing mastectomy in 1959, followed by silicone implant placement in 1974. Almost 50 years later, her unusual presentation caused concern for breast cancer, however was implant rupture with silicone granuloma formation.

Nipple-sparing mastectomy in association with intra operative radiotherapy (ELIOT): a new type of mastectomy for breast cancer treatment

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment ◽

10.1007/s10549-005-9033-7 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 47-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 106

Author(s):

Jean Yves Petit ◽

Umberto Veronesi ◽

Roberto Orecchia ◽

Alberto Luini ◽

Piercarlo Rey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Breast Cancer Treatment ◽

New Type ◽

237. Risk factors for loco-regional recurrence after nipple-sparing mastectomy for breast cancer

European Journal of Surgical Oncology ◽

10.1016/j.ejso.2012.06.232 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 38 (9) ◽

pp. 810

Author(s):

H. Yamauchi ◽

R. Yatsu ◽

F. Omata ◽

A. Yoshida ◽

H. Yagata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Regional Recurrence ◽

S20 Nipple Sparing Mastectomy in Association with IntraOperative Radiotherapy: A New Type of Mastectomy for Breast Cancer Treatment

The Breast ◽

10.1016/s0960-9776(05)80021-9 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. S8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.P. Petit

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Intraoperative Radiotherapy ◽

Breast Cancer Treatment ◽

New Type ◽

Implant Reconstruction in Nipple Sparing Mastectomy

Seminars in Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1696988 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (04) ◽

pp. 247-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carrie K. Chu ◽

Matthew J. Davis ◽

Amjed Abu-Ghname ◽

Sebastian J. Winocour ◽

Albert Losken ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Body Image ◽

Breast Reconstruction ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Patient Selection ◽

Breast Cancer Treatment ◽

Nipple Sparing ◽

Modern Era ◽

Implant Reconstruction

AbstractNipple sparing mastectomy has been popularized in the modern era of breast cancer treatment due to its touted advantages with regard to resultant body image and reconstructive outcome. Implant-based techniques remain the most prevalent means of breast reconstruction. Special considerations regarding patient selection and technique are reviewed for implant reconstruction in the setting of mastectomy with nipple preservation. Applications for prepectoral and direct-to-implant reconstruction are discussed and published outcomes are summarized.